吉林工程技术师范学院毕业论文

摘 要

随着可持续发展的不断深入，人们在积极开发各类可再生新能源的同时也在倡导节能减排的绿色环保技术。太阳能作为一种清洁的优秀的可再生能源，已成为最有价值的新能源。而在照明领域，寿命长、节能、安全、绿色环保、色彩丰富、微型化的LED固态照明也已被公认为一种节能环保的重要途径。本文研究的路灯同时整合了这两者的优势，利用清洁能源以及高效率的LED实现绿色照明。

太阳能LED路灯是一种结合太阳能光伏发电技术与LED技术的新型路灯。系统通过蓄电池将太阳电池组件产生的电能储存起来供负载在夜晚照明使用。基于单片机控制的太阳能路灯具有很多优点：安全可靠，维护方便；不需要常规能源，不污染环境；安装方便，自动控制。从而不仅节约了电能，而且避免了由于四季昼夜长短不一，需要调整电路系统的麻烦，使路灯更为人性化。

关键词：光伏发电，蓄电池，发光二极管

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摘 要

ABSTRACT

With the deepening of the sustainable development, people are active in the development of all kinds of renewable energy, while also advocating green environmental technology of energy saving and reducing emission. Solar energy as a kind of clean excellent renewable energy has become the most valuable new energy. While in the lighting area, long life, energy saving, safety, green environmental protection, rich colors, miniaturization of light emitting diode (LED) solid-state lighting has been considered as one of the important ways of saving energy and environmental protection. The street lamp in this paper simultaneously integrates both the advantages; utilize clean energy and high efficient LED to realize green lighting.

Solar LED lamp is one new type of street lamp by uniting solar photo- voltaic (PV) power generation technology and LED technology. The system stores electrical energy via battery, generated by components of solar cells, to supply night illumination of street lamps. Solar street lamps based on MCU control have many advantages: safety, reliability, easy to maintain; energy saving, without pollution to environment; easy installation, automatic control. Consequently, not only save electrical energy but also avoid the troubles to need adjusting the circuit system due to the different day-and-night’s lengths in the four seasons, to make the street lamp more user-friendly.

Key Words: PV, Battery, LED

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目录

目 录

第一章 绪论 .............................................. 1

1.1 概述 ............................................. 1 1.2 太阳能路灯的优势 ................................. 2 1.3 太阳能路灯的应用现状 ............................. 3 1.4 本论文研究的主要内容 ............................. 5 第二章 系统方案论证及选择 ................................ 6

2.1 方案比较与论证 ................................... 6

2.1.1 太阳能电池板的选择 ......................... 6 2.1.2 蓄电池的选择 ............................... 6 2.1.3 照明灯具的选择 ............................. 8 2.1.4 控制器芯片的选择 ........................... 9 2.2 方案的配置与计算 ................................ 11

2.2.1 路灯设计所需的数据 ........................ 11 2.2.3 路灯设计参数的确定 ........................ 12

第三章 系统设计的理论分析 ............................... 14

3.1 系统基本介绍 .................................... 14 3.2 太阳能路灯系统设计总体分析 ...................... 15 3.3 太阳能光伏发电的理论 ............................ 15 3.4 控制器设计的理论基础 ............................ 17 3.5 蓄电池的充放电原理 .............................. 18 3.6 蓄电池充电技术研究 .............................. 20

3.6.1 恒流充电 .................................. 20 3.6.2 恒压充电 .................................. 21

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