2014高考英语阅读理解限时训练极品题（4）及答案

阅读理解---------C

Whoever named the bird turkey — a word that English speakers began mentioning as long ago as 1541 — made a big mistake. Although that bird came from Guinea（几内亚）in Africa, the English apparently first imported it from Turkish merchants. So, naturally, they called it a turkey. When English speakers established their first colony in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607, they thought they saw turkeys there too. “We found an island, on which there were many turkeys,” wrote one. These birds were not from Turkey and were not related to the Guinean fowl（家禽）of Africa. But turkeys they were called, and turkeys they remain.

Much of what we know about the Jamestown colony was written by Captain John Smith, whose efforts preserved the colony from collapse（垮掉）and who in turn was preserved by the Indian “princess” Pocahontas. Smith’s accounts of the colony frequently mention turkeys as food, gifts, and objects of trade. In 1607, Smith wrote, to celebrate the first peace after the first armed fight, the Indians brought turkeys, bread and what they had, singing and dancing in celebration of friendship till they departed. Elsewhere Smith noted that the Indians made warm and beautiful cloaks（披风）from turkey feathers. Further north, as the Plymouth colony neared the end of its first year in 1621, Governor William Bradford also observed a great flock of wild turkeys, of which they took many. Undoubtedly, turkeys were among the fowls served at the first Thanksgiving dinner.

Despite those significant beginnings and Benjamin Franklin’s lobbying（游说）, the turkey lost to the bald eagle in the contest for American bird. And it is a loser in modern English slang, too. Since the 1920s, turkey has been a term for a play or movie that is a failure, and since the 1950s for a person who is not fit for his job. But though the turkey never succeeded in becoming the American symbol, it did become the American feast. Thanksgiving is Turkey Day, and the turkey has come into our language more than other birds. We never “talk eagle”, we “talk turkey” when we speak frankly.

63. Who named the bird turkey?

A. English speakers. B. Turkish merchants. C. Captain John Smith. D. Guineans. 【答案】A

【解析】从第一段的第二句话Although that bird came from Guinea（几内亚）in Africa, the English apparently first imported it from Turkish merchants. So, naturally, they called it a turkey. 得知虽然这种鸟原产地是几内亚，但是是英国人从Turkish商人那里买的，很自然的，英国人就称这种鸟turkey.

【考点定位】考察的是细节理解题

64. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ________. A. turkeys were brought to Jamestown by Smith B. the Indians fought with Captain Smith for turkeys C. turkeys were served at the first Thanksgiving dinner

D. Captain John Smith wrote a book named Jamestown Colony

65. When we say somebody is a turkey, it means ________.

A. he is very angry B. he has no ability to do his job

C. he likes eating turkeys D. he speaks frankly

66. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. The turkey was beaten in a fight by the bald eagle. B. Turkeys were introduced to America from Guinea.

C. The turkey has become American food because it was beaten.

D. Turkey has become a term of failure in modern English slang.

社会生活类---36

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The other day at a supermarket, I saw a naughty child of about six crying loudly, falling to the floor and refusing to move. All the while the troubled mother was trying to persuade him to behave well but failed. A little smack(打)on his bottom would have done the job, I thought.

Teenagers also cause discipline (纪律)problems. As a teacher I had a 16-year-old student who had fallen in love with a waiter at a fast-food restaurant. In fact, she had left home to stay with him. So we decided to put her in the school hostel. She refused. When she heard her mother begging her to stay in the hostel, she turned round and said, “Why don’t you stay in the hostel if you like it so much?”

My palms were itching to slap her for being so rude but the poor mother continued to cajole her, hoping the gentle persuasion would work wonders. It did not. Later I heard that she had run away from home again.

The list goes on and on. Could it be that today’s parents are softer and believe that they must not rod (棍棒惩罚) their children for fear of the bad result? Or do they actually believe that the children will get rid of the bad habits and behave well naturally as they grow older? I beg to disagree. I believe it is the parents’ duty to discipline the children even at a young age.

My children who are now adults will prove the fact that I used the rod when I thought it necessary. Later when they went abroad, they related to their British university friends on how they were disciplined. Their friends abroad were idled with horror and told my daughter that I could be charged with child abuse. However, my daughter showed great respect for me when she told them that she would not be where she was today if not for my strict discipline.

1. According to the passage, the author would probably ______. A. beat the children every day