1. Rome Wasn't Built in a Day p.1.

English is an international language. Therefore, it is necessary(/ important) for us to learn it. It(/learning English) can be rewarding or just(/only) a waste of time. It's up to you. It depends on how you study it. Here are some tips about(/on) learning English.

First, don't be afraid to make(/of making) mistakes. You will learn (something) from them(the mistakes that you make). Second, you must not be shy. Be thick-skinned and speak up! Finally, you must be patient. Remember, \

Well, Rome does not refer to the city of Rome only, it refers to the Roman empire, that is the great country that Rome built more than 2000 years ago. It was a great empire and of course you can not build anything good or great in just a short time . the Roman Empire [??m?pa?r] 罗马帝国

Empire--this word is spelled e-m-p-i-r-e. Now, I have this question: in what situation will you use this expression \

Well, let's say that your friend wants to learn how to do something, like typing or swimming, and at first, your friend feels a little discouraged, because it is not easy to learn a new skill, but you tell him: Hey, come on. Rome wasn't built in a day. We want to encourage our friends with this saying.

Your friend is learning how to type. He is a little bit discouraged. We can encourage our friends with this saying. 谚语

We say that English is an international language, because English is spoken around the world. Of course, there are more speakers of Mandarin than of English, but English is spoken by more people in more countries than Mandarin is, so, when you travel or do business or study overseas, you can always find English speakers, and English TV programs and English newspapers.

In other words, English is a universal/ an international language, that is why we should learn it. Mandarin 普通话，国语 Bruce speaks beautiful Mandarin. [?m?nd?r?n] foul language 下流话

Your stay here is just(or only) a waste of time.

rewarding a.有（获）益的；值得做的，划算的．

Teaching is a very rewarding profession.教书是一种很有价值的职业．

Exercise is very rewarding for our health. It pays(/is rewarding) to exercise It is up to you. 随你吧

Well, if Peter asks me: do you want to go to a restaurant first or see a movie first tonight? I might say: it's up to you.

Do we go to the movies first or shall we go to a restaurant first? It's up to you .but I know the true answer. He enjoys eating more than anything, let's go to the restaurant first .

In our studio [?studio?], we have got a small studio over here and we have only two people here, that's Bruce and me, but Bruce is much too big, we have little room left here. by fits and starts adv.间歇地,断断续续地,一阵一阵地 If you learn English by fits and starts, you’ll get no where.

My brother studied accounting by fits and starts, so he failed. If you give me a tip, I’ll give some tips on how to learn English.

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if you are in a restaurant, and you leave a little money for the waiter, we say that is a tip小费. But then Peter said I'll give you some tips about learning English. -- some advice about learning English.建议 advice un.

tip①n.小费 ②n.建议，提示，技巧

give sb. tips on/about sth= give sb. advice (on) sth. n.给某人关于某事的建议 ③vt.给小费Mr. Bruce, before leaving, don't forget to tip me.

④vt.建议tip somebody on something (He tipped me on how to learing English) afraid两种用法：afraid to make(/of making) 即+不定式 或+ of +动名词 I’m afraid to talk to him. I’m afraid of talking to him. advice un. a good piece of advice 不说: a good advice

Well, you have to speak or write a language to really learn it. if you make a mistake while speaking, usually the listener will understand you anyway, because usually your mistake is just a grammar mistake or maybe a vocabulary mistake, but usually we understand you. But if we don't understand you, we will ask: what do you mean? And then you can try again. Only by making mistakes can we learn sth. Children are often shy around strangers.

Well, this is often the case, but there is some situation in which adults are shy. For example, each time Bruce is with me he is shy.-- That's not shy, Peter, that's embarrassed. embarrassed stink vi.臭 Peter, you stinks.

be patient with sb.对...有耐心 A good teacher must be patient with his students thick-skinnned a.厚颜的

Eg：If you want to be a good salesman, you must be thick-skinned. Don’t be afraid to make mistake. 别怕犯错．

It depends on how you study it.那要看你如何去学习． It depend on when you do it.那要看你何时去做．

2. How to Improve Your English p.9.

Mack is talking to his friend Don.

M: Hi, Don! How are you doing in your English class?

D: Not so well, I'm afraid. (原：I'm afraid I ’m not doing so well in my English class) M: What's the problem (省do you have with your English)?

D: I'm not improving(/I’ve not been improving/ I’ve not made any improvement). Tell me, how come your English is so good?

M: Well, uh…I have an American girlfriend.

D: Aha! That's it. Now I know what to do. (He runs off.)(=runs away) M: Hey, Come back! I was just kidding!

Well, probably they would like to hear you speak English only, so please introduce yourself in English again.

However, this is basically an English teaching program. So, every now and then, of course, he ?? and speak Chinese. But most of time, he will explain the key points, if there is any in

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English. so, lesson 2, we had a very short dialogue. now, by the way, what is the meaning of this word \

dialogue/dialog A dialog is a conversation between two people. And that is spelled? Well,you can see it on page 9 here \for this word. Their pronunciation is exactly the same.

…Or sometimes just one person, Peter. because sometimes I hear you talking to yourself. Peter is going to be send to a kind of hospital--funny farm. funny farm疯人院 正式：mental asylum He was raised on the farm.

Yesterday Peter was send to a nearby mental asylum, because he kept talking to himself. improve vt.vi. improvement n.-->improve sth = make improvement in sth

He improved his English by studying every day.=He study everyday, so his English improved. Peter, you’ve made a lot of improvement in your Mandarin. improvement un -- Thank you Bruce for teaching me.

because he studies hard, he has made a lot of improvement in his English.

①talk to(/with) sb. about sth. vi. ②talk sb. into doing vt.+into说服talk nonsense胡说八道

What are you talking about? The teachers were talking about the problem student. He is a problem student. --He keeps causing trouble. His girlfriend talked Mike into quitting smoking.

When he gave the speech, we realized that he was just talking nonsense. He is a problem student.

Hi和Hey区别：\students, I will say \me. I have something important to talk to you about or maybe to show you. Hey, come here！ Hey, listen to me！--but \friends.

回答Ok, and you？或者fine, thank you等

how are you doing? How are you getting along?

久违的老朋友还可以说：How are you? or How have you been?

Howdy 美国南部招呼语 answer: Howdy（=how do you do第一次见面）

If you go to Texas or other southern states in the United States, many people will greet you with Howdy.

afraid vt.恐怕+that从句 （I think/guess）

I am afraid (that省略) it is going to rain, so we can't go on the picnic. 我认为...(弱语气，后带内容比较负面)

I’m afraid she is not good-looking. I’m going to have a blind date. blind date 相亲,盲目约会

Look into the mirror yourself.

What's the problem (with)? It seems that he has some problems with the work. = What's wrong?

= What's the matter (with)?

I'm not improving. 文中= I have not been improving =I have not made any improvement. how come(口) 无需要倒装=why

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Bruce, How come you look so ugly/why do you..? Where’s the hankerchief? The truth hurts. why is he late for class again? how come he is late for class again?

How come you failed your Chinese text? Why did you fail your Chinese text? Because I goofed around. I didn't study at all. goof around 浪费时间，混时间 Aha, that's it. = Aha, I’v got it. = I understand.

Aha, means I understand. I’ve got it. For example, if you are trying to think of the answer to a problem, Let's see, the capital of Canada is. .., aha, is Ottawa.

If you try to think of a answer to a problem, Let’s see: the capital of Canady is? Aha, is Ottawa. run off = run away kidding = joking

3. The City of Song p.13

Listening to music is the favorite pastime of many people all over the world. This is especially true for people living in Vienna, the city of song(un,=music). Being(可省) the home of Mozart, this city is the birthplace of classical music and the waltz.

Music fills the air in Vienna. Going to public concerts is often free of charge. And don't forget, Vienna is also home to the world famous Vienna Boys' Choir. No wonder people say Austria is always alive with the sound of music.

Oh, Bruce, you know something? I should leave this lesson to you. Because this lesson features one country and that’s? Austria. This country has a lot to do with your background. So, tell all of listeners, how come you have a very close connection with this country? --My mother was born in Yugoslavia, but her mother comes from Austria, and I still have many relatives living there, and I like to visit them every two or three years.

I still have many relatives living there, and I like to visit them every two or there years.

Austria Australia The city of song refers to the city of Vienna. --You've been to that city before. Tell us something about this city.

Vienna is one of the most beautiful citys I have ever seen. I’m not kidding. It's a very old and beautiful city, full of culture, music and good beer.

potbelly 大肚皮 Well, if you go out with Peter, because he is a big potbelly, you might feel embarrassed..

Jogging (/Going jog/Lifting heavy glasses of beer) is my favorite exercise. jog 慢跑 What’s your pastime over the weekend? what's your favorite habit?

How do you pass the time on your weekends(每逢周末)?Going to a restaurant and seeing a movie.

the world over adv. = around/across the world = throughout the world = all over the world Mikle Jackson is famous the world over.

song un=music CN歌曲a song You got to face the music.

But here I’m a little bit curious again. Now that you just mention you have something to do with Vienna, how come you don't know anything about music?

--That's a good question. Peter means I can't sing. I like to listen to music, but I can't sing.

To face the music means that you must face your problem, you must try to solve your problem. He was sick of learning, he ran away from home?(being) sick of learning, he …

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Mozart was one of the most famous classical musicians. maestro [?ma?stro?] 艺术大师，名作曲家

birthplace 发源地，诞生地 what’s your birthplace?=where were you born? In fact, I was born in Nanjing, even though my hometown is in Guangxi province.

Sure, this is true. When you go to Vienna, especially in the summer time, you can hear music being played, not from the radio or the CD player, but from the people who play music on the street or in the parks or in the concerts. You can hear music as you walk around the city. In other words, you can see a live shows/concerts on your own. live adj.现场的 classical 古典的 classic 经典的 be free (of charge) 免费的

--I work for Peter free of charger. In other words, I am enslaved by Peter. --In fact, the truth is I am a slave to Bruce. be enslaved by 被...奴役 a slave to

Don’t be enslaved by money= Don’t a slave to money

let me give our students a better example here: This sample is free of charge.

be home to 某地是…的发源地／出产地／聚集地/的故乡/ 老家 be the home of He is a good boy, he often helps his mum with chores. chore 杂务(可数) You should do some chores.

Chicago is home to some of the world’s tallest buildings. That island is home to some special birds.

He studies hard, no wonder he passed the examination. no wonder + clause（主+v.） adv.难怪

Eg：No wonder Bruce is in such good shape, he exercises every day. No wonder you’re so thin, you eat so little. he is in poor shape. be alive with=be filled with a.活的，充满的 Eg：The room is alive with children’s laughter. sth. fill the air 充满着某物 Eg：Romatic love songs fill the air in that cozy Italian restaurant.那家温馨的意大利餐馆充满着罗曼蒂克的情歌．

4. He Who Hesitates Is Lost p.21

Mike is in Vienna with his girlfriend Daisy. M: Are you having a good time, Daisy?

D: Are kidding? I'm having the time of my life（=having the greatest time）. I loved the concerts.

M: Concert going is fantastic but what else can we do? D: Biking along the banks of the river Danube could be fun. M: It sounds like a great idea! D: Let's do it then.

M: You're right. As they say, \

We have this title \

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