旁白：除了慢城运动之外，还有另一项运动：慢食运动。 它的实践者旨在保持良好的，本地种植的，高品质的食物的乐趣，这些食物是慢慢地和小心地准备的。 现在，该运动已走向国际，在全球100多个国家拥有超过80,000名会员。
Sandro Checcuci, Greve Resident: “It’s very nice to live here, because we have a nice atmosphere, we have nice landscapes, and so, when you have nice things to see, a nice place to live in, it’s very easy.”
桑德罗checcuci，格雷夫居民：“住在这里很好，因为我们有一个很好的气氛，我们有很好的风景，所以，当你有好东西可以看，一个生活的好地方，这是很容易的。”
Narrator: Chef Salvatore Toscano left the fast life behind. He used to manage an American-style restaurant in Florence, where he spent his days serving up hamburgers. Five years ago, he left all that behind and moved to Greve, where he’s opened a new restaurant.
旁白：厨师Salvatore Toscano离开了快节奏的生活。 他过去经常在佛罗伦萨经营一家美式餐厅，在那里他花了很多时间为汉堡包服务。 五年前，他把所有背后的东西都搬到了格雷夫，在那里他开了一家新餐馆。
Salvatore Toscano, Slow Food Chef: “It means taking the time. Finding the rhythm that lets you live more calmly in a lot of ways, starting, of course, with what you eat.”
塞尔瓦托Toscano，慢食的厨师：“这意味着要花时间。 寻找节奏，让你在很多方面更平静地生活，当然，从你吃的东西开始。“
Narrator: Another local example of slow food lies in the mountains of Pistoia in northern Tuscany. Here, generations of farmers have produced a magnificent pecorino cheese that is said to be delightfully unique. Made from the raw milk of black sheep, the cheese is hand-molded twice a day. The process is long and labor-intensive as each cheese is individually pressed and shaped—but of course, the result of all that labor and care can be uniformly delicious. The tradition was dying out until the Slow Food movement stepped in with a special promotion to organize the farmers and promote the cheese. These days, cheese production is on the increase again, and cheese makers like Luana Pagliai have been able to continue making and selling their own pecorino.
旁白：当地另一个慢食的例子是托斯卡纳北部的皮斯托亚山脉。 在这里，几代农民生产了一种华丽的佩克立诺奶酪，据说是独一无二的。 奶酪由黑羊原料奶制成，每天手工模制两次。 由于每种奶酪都是单独压制和成型的，因此该过程耗时长且劳动强度大，但当然，所有劳动和护理的结果都可以是均匀美味的。 这种传统正在消失，直到慢食运动介入，特别推广组织农民和推广奶酪。 如今，奶酪生产再次增加，像Luana Pagliai这样的奶酪制造商能够继续生产和销售自己的佩科里诺。
Luana Pagliai, Cheese Maker: “It’s brought us a kind of fame. Not everyone knew about our product. The project is getting us noticed.”
这帕利艾，奶酪生产商：“这给我们带来了一种名声。不是每个人都知道我们的产品。这个项目让我们注意到了。”
Luciano Bertini, Slow Food Farmer: “From Singapore to New York and Rome, you always find the same pizza, the same hamburgers. Slow food doesn’t want this. Slow food wants the specialness of every product to be respected.” 卢西亚诺公司，慢食的农民：“从新加坡到纽约和罗马，你总能找到相同的披萨，同样的汉堡。慢食不想要这个。慢食让每一件产品的特殊性必须得到尊重。” Narrator: The residents of Greve and other Slow Cities could be on to something. They’re making an effort to maintain a high quality of life, and to prevent the world from becoming bland.
While it might seem an unusual approach for some, their way of thinking may just be what the world needs. In years to come these people may be able to look back with great satisfaction. They will have been enjoying life while most of the rest of the world has been rushing through it. 旁白：格雷夫和其他慢城市的居民可能会有所作为。 他们正在努力保持高品质的生活，并防止世界变得平淡无奇。 虽然对某些人来说这似乎是一种不寻常的方法，但他们的思维方式可能正是世界所需要的。 在未来几年，这些人可能会非常满意地回顾。 他们将享受生活，而世界其他大部分地区都在匆匆而过。
Unit 9 Alternative Energy
Narrator: The world seems to have an insatiable appetite for oil, electricity, and natural gas, but now, due to energy costs and global warming, scientists are looking to the wind, sun, and agricultural products to power our future. According to some researchers, wind power is becoming a more viable energy source.
旁白：世界似乎对石油，电力和天然气有着无法满足的胃口，但现在，由于能源成本和全球变暖，科学家们正在寻找风能，阳光和农产品来推动我们的未来发展。 据一些研究人员称，风能正在成为一种更可行的能源。
Sandy Butterfield, Wind Technology Expert: “I think the past perception was that wind energy was nice, but not a real solution. That perception is changing. I see wind energy getting more and more competitive.”
沙巴特菲尔德，风技术专家：“我认为过去的看法是风能很好，但不是真正的解决方案。这种看法正在改变。我看到风能越来越有竞争力。” Narrator: At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado, discovering alternative power sources that are competitive with fossil fuels has been a mission of scientists since the U.S. energy crisis of the 1970s. Scientists here also create solar cells that are far more efficient than those currently available to the public. They believe that the market for this technology is about to increase significantly. 旁白：在科罗拉多州戈尔登市的国家可再生能源实验室，发现与化石燃料竞争的替代能源自20世纪70年代美国能源危机以来一直是科学家们的使命。 这里的科学家们还创造了比现有的太阳能电池效率更高的太阳能电池。 他们认为这项技术的市场即将大幅增加。
John Brenner, National Renewable Energy Laboratory: “Recent polls have shown that about seventy-five percent of the population would favor the use of solar power, clean power, and would like to see more of it happening.”
国家可再生能源实验室的约翰·布伦纳说：“最近的民意调查显示，大约百分之七十五的人口会赞成使用太阳能，清洁能源，并希望看到更多的事情发生。” Narrator: Solar power has been around for centuries, but while the public says they like the idea of harnessing solar power and incorporating it into their daily lives, the reality for many seems to be that it’s something reserved for the future, not now. 旁白：太阳能已经存在了几个世纪，但公众表示他们喜欢利用太阳能并将其融入日常生活的想法，许多人的现实似乎是它为未来保留了一些东西，而不是现在。
Larry Kazmerski, Photovoltaic Technology Expert: “Sometimes, you know, you worry that they think that this is only a fringe, but it’s not. Photovoltaic, solar electricity, is becoming a
technology that is becoming cost-effective for us as consumers in the United States.”
光伏技术专家Larry Kazmerski：“有时，你知道，你担心他们认为这只是一个边缘，但事实并非如此。 光伏太阳能电力正在成为一种技术，对我们这些美国消费者而言正在变得具有成本效益。“ Narrator: In many people’s opinions, it often takes a crisis for things to change. 在许多人看来，改变事物通常会带来危机。
Kazmerski: “When your electricity doesn’t come on in California, you start looking very, very quickly!”
kazmerski：“当你的电力在加利福尼亚没有出现时，你会开始非常非常快地看到它！” Narrator: For some, home use of solar power is now becoming more than just an abstract idea. When Jonathon Sawyer’s solar electric system was first installed, it was believed to be the largest residential solar system in the U.S. This is likely due to the fact that solar power had not been widely promoted at the time. It’s so efficient that he actually sells electricity back to his local power company.
旁白：对于一些人来说，家庭使用太阳能现在变得不仅仅是一个抽象的想法。 当Jonathon Sawyer的太阳能电力系统首次安装时，它被认为是美国最大的住宅太阳能系统。这很可能是因为太阳能在当时并未得到广泛推广。 实际上，他将电力卖给了当地的电力公司，效率非常高。
Jonathon Sawyer, Solar Homeowner: “I also feel good because I’ve always been committed about the environment and doing something, and we have to start as individuals to do things.” 乔纳森Sawyer，太阳能房屋：“我也觉得很好，因为我一直致力于环境和做的事情，我们必须从个人做起。”
Narrator: But individuals can only do so much. Researchers claim that for renewable energy to truly make a difference, it must be used on a large scale.
旁白：但个人也只能做这么多。 研究人员声称，要使可再生能源真正发挥作用，必须大规模使用。
Reporter on Renewable Energy Sources: “This is a solar concentrator. The mirrors focus the sun’s rays into a narrow beam which turns an engine and provides electricity. Tough to get in the backyard? Sure. But a power company could probably find a place for it.” 可再生能源记者：“这是一个太阳能集中器。 镜子将太阳光线聚焦成一个狭窄的光束，使发动机转动并提供电力。 难以进入后院？ 当然。 但是一家电力公司可能会为它找到一席之地。“
Narrator: The U.S. and other countries often lacked a great sense of urgency to find energy alternatives. For decades, gasoline prices had been kept low with government subsidies so people continued driving large cars, usually alone. Nowadays, gasoline costs are higher, which has enhanced the need to find something else to fuel all those vehicles.
旁白：美国和其他国家往往缺乏寻找能源替代品的强烈意识。 几十年来，由于政府补贴，汽油价格一直保持低位，因此人们继续驾驶大型汽车，通常是单独驾驶。 如今，汽油成本更高，这增加了寻找其他东西来为所有这些车辆提供燃料的需求。
John Sheehan, Alternative Fuel Researcher: “What’s in there now, is material that looks like straw, or . . . It’s actually the material that farmers leave sitting on the ground after they go through and they harvest corn. We’re trying to get farmers to collect this material so that we can run it through a conversion technology to make new liquid fuels.” 替代燃料研究员John Sheehan：“现在有什么东西，材料看起来像稻草，或者。。。 它实际上
是农民经过后留在地上并收获玉米的材料。 我们正在努力让农民收集这些材料，以便我们可以通过转换技术来生产新的液体燃料。“
Narrator: Since the energy crisis of the 1970s, many farmers have been turning food into fuel by using grains like corn to create ethanol. But recently, some of the emphasis on making fuel has been moving away from the grain itself, to the stalks and stubble left on the ground after the harvest.
旁白：自从20世纪70年代的能源危机以来，许多农民一直把粮食变成燃料，用谷物来制造乙醇。但最近，一些强调燃料的重点已经从粮食本身转移到收获后留在地上的秸秆和残茬。 Sheehan: “The cellulose that’s in here — that actually is made up of sugars — is something that they can turn into ethanol in the same way that they’re currently taking their corn grain and having it turned into fuel-grade ethanol.” 希恩：“这里的纤维素 - 实际上是由糖组成的 - 是他们可以变成乙醇的方式，就像他们目前正在采用玉米粒并将其转化为燃料级乙醇一样。” Narrator: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory has a manufacturing area that is capable of converting harvest leftovers — and just about anything else — into fuel.
旁白：国家可再生能源实验室的制造区域能够将收获剩余物 - 以及其他任何东西 - 转化为燃料。
Pat Woodard, Reporter: “What are some of these other materials here? What else we got?” 帕特伍德，记者：“什么是一些其他的材料吗？我们还有什么？“ Sheehan: “Some of these, like this for example, is a wood material.”
希恩：“其中一些，这样的例子，是一个木质材料。” Narrator: Proving that sustainable energy technology is actually viable remains a struggle, at least in the U.S. Wind turbines, which were pioneered in the United States, are now being used by several countries in Europe to supply meaningful amounts of power.
旁白：证明可持续能源技术真正可行仍然是一场斗争，至少在美国风力涡轮机是美国的先驱，现在欧洲的一些国家正在使用它来提供有意义的电力。
Butterfield: “The cost of energy in the United States is so low compared to Europe, that our industry has had a harder time competing with fossil fuels.” 巴特菲尔德：“与欧洲相比，美国的能源成本如此之低，以至于我们的行业在与化石燃料的竞争中更加困难。”
Narrator: The cost of fuel in many countries has increased significantly over the past few years. While it has caused hardship for many, this cost increase may also increase the urgency to find reliable fossil fuel alternatives and thereby reduce the greenhouse gases that cause global warming. The time for alternative energy may have arrived, and for those who use it, the future may be now.
在过去几年中，许多国家的燃料成本大幅增加。 虽然它给许多人带来了困难，但这种成本的增加也可能增加寻找可靠的化石燃料替代品的紧迫性，从而减少导致全球变暖的温室气体。 替代能源的时间可能已经到来，对于那些使用它的人来说，未来可能就是现在。
Unit 10
Narrator:
Mars on Earth
On the remote island of Devon in the Canadian Arctic, a group of NASA explorers
have come to learn how to live and work on Mars. Part of the work here will be to field test equipment that they hope will eventually be used on exploration trips to the distant planet. 旁白：在加拿大北极的偏远岛屿德文郡，一群美国宇航局探险家开始学习如何在火星上生活和工作。 这里的部分工作将是现场测试设备，他们希望这些设备最终将用于探索遥远星球的旅行。
Mars, sometimes known as the Red Planet, is a harsh place. The surface is freezing and the terrain rugged. At night, surface temperatures can drop to -73 degrees Celsius and below, and the atmosphere is poisonous to breathe. Add to that radiation and dust storms, and it becomes clear that surviving there would be an impressive feat. That’s what keeps researchers coming back to Devon each year. Its rocky, treeless landscape is a kind of “Mars on Earth”.
火星，有时被称为红色星球，是一个严酷的地方。表面结冰，地形崎岖。在晚上，表面温度可降至-73摄氏度以下，并且大气对呼吸有毒。 再加上辐射和沙尘暴，很明显，在那里生存会有一个令人印象深刻的壮举。 这就是让研究人员每年回到德文郡的原因。 它的岩石，无树木景观是一种“地球上的火星”。
Thirty-nine million years ago, Devon Island was hit by a large meteorite that created a 20-kilometer-wide crater. Today it’s called the Haughton Crater and it almost exactly resembles the thousands of craters that cover the landscape of Mars. While it’s safer and more easily reached than Mars, Devon comes with its own dangers: unpredictable weather, high winds, and a predator that thinks humans might be lunch. Despite the risks, project director and scientist Pascal Lee feels training here is what’s best for the team’s mission.
三千九百万年前，德文岛被一颗巨大的陨石击中，形成了一个20公里宽的陨石坑。 今天它被称为Haughton Crater，它几乎完全类似于覆盖火星景观的数千个陨石坑。 虽然它比火星更安全，更容易到达，但德文有自己的危险：不可预测的天气，强风和认为人类可能是午餐的捕食者。 尽管存在风险，项目总监和科学家Pascal Lee认为，在这里进行培训对于团队的使命是最好的。
Pascal Lee, Project Director: “Copy loud and clear. By being faced with all the operational realities of having to explore a place for real, you are precisely building this experience to really plan an expedition where all of these elements cannot be left to chance. You have to plan it well.” 帕斯卡李，项目总监：“大声而清晰地复制。 通过面对必须探索真实场所的所有操作现实，您正在构建这种体验，以真正规划一个所有这些元素都不可能被遗忘的探险。 你必须做好计划。“
Narrator: When Lee heard about Devon Island, he was convinced that this was the ideal place to train. When people think of Mars, they usually think of astronauts in space suits. Here on Devon Island, Lee and his team are, in fact, field testing the NASA Mars Concept Suit to see how it withstands harsh conditions. The suit is big, bulky, and, according to people who’ve tried it, uncomfortable and confining. Addy Overbeeke and Stanley Kusmider are the suit engineers.
旁白：当李听说德文岛时，他确信这是一个理想的训练场所。 当人们想到火星时，他们通常会想到穿着太空服的宇航员。 事实上，在德文岛上，李和他的团队正在对NASA火星概念套装进行现场测试，看看它是如何经受住恶劣条件的。 这套衣服很大，很笨重，并且据尝试过的人说，不舒服和限制。 Addy Overbeeke和Stanley Kusmider是西装工程师。
Stanley Kusmider, Space Suit Engineer: “You’re at the bar and you’re talking to someone, and they ask you, ‘Oh, what do you do?’ ‘I work on space suits.’ They say, ‘Oh ho ho! That’s funny! Funny guy! ’”
斯坦利kusmider，太空服的工程师：“你在酒吧和你谈话的人，他们问你，“哦，你是做什么