2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Washington, . Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, .
Duration: 3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, .
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, . Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
21. Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
A. Meet famous people. C. Visit well-known museums. A. City maps. C. Meals.
B. Go to a national park. D. Enjoy interesting stories. B. Cameras. D. Safety lights.
23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?
解析：本篇文章讲的是华盛顿举办的几个自行车骑行活动，内容较简单。
21. A. 细节理解题。原文中Reserve your spot before availability对应题目中的book in advance。出题人喜欢将原文中的内容进行同义词或者同义句的替换，这一点考生要多加注意。
22. D. 细节理解题。根据设问快速定位其在原文中的位置，进行简单排除即可得出答案。Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents…
. 细节理解题。由设问中的at night 定位到Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour，然后由All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights得出答案。
B
Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role – showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”
The eight-part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 24. What do we know about Susanna Reid? A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. 25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna? A. He buys cooking materials for her. C. He assists her in cooking matters. A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. C. Add some background information. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart C. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
B. Balancing Our Daily Diet D. Cooking Well for Less B. He prepares food for her kids. D. He invites guest families for her. B. Provide some advice for the readers. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion. B. She has started a new programme.
C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D. She has had a tight budget for her family.
26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
解析：本文是关于Susanna Reid所创办的一个新的节目Save Money: Good Food的介绍，教人们在日常生活中怎样用最少的钱做出美味的食物，Cooking Well for Less，文章难度不大。
24. B. 推理判断题。 文章中she is cooking up a storm in her latest role – showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.还有后文中的The eight-part series 都可以推出Susanna Reid开办了一个新的电视节目。
25. C. 细节理解题。In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste…可知Matt Tebbutt的作用是给Susanna Reid提供建议。
26. C. 推理判断题。定位到第四段…follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health可知，这一段主要讲的是这档节目的灵感来源，所以答案选C.
27. D. 主旨大意题。本文主要是对Save Money: Good Food这档节目的介绍，文章第一段showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget说明了这档节目的目的，所以D选项正是对这句话的最好诠释。
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times? A. They developed very fast. C. They had similar patterns. A. Complex. C. Powerful. A. About 6,800. C. About 2,400.
B. They were large in number. D. They were closely connected. B. Advanced. D. Modern. B. About 3,400. D. About 1,200.
29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?