摘 要： 本篇毕业设计主要针对数控机床的加工及编程的介绍，对后端盖零件进行工艺性分析，包括加工工艺的选择和制定，还包括各零件的程序的手工编制。 文章的主要内容为后端盖零件的工艺分析和零件的手工程序编制。并在零件的手工编程中用到了G01 直线插补命令、G02/G03圆弧插补指令；G81钻孔；M98调用子程序指令等。

关键词：手工编程,指令,数控加工,工艺规程,定位误差,加工余量

Abstract：This graduation project mainly had the numerical control engine bed and the programming introduction, the ear components technological analysis craft parameter choice cutting tool choice, the components procedure manual establishment, the procedure simulation, the UG modelling and the entity simulation processing finally has made the design summary, the acknowledgment language, the reference tabulation and the appendix. Article primary coverage for components craft analysis, components manual programming, but also has to make engineer's modelling and the entity simulation processing.Used the G02/G03 circular arc interpolation instruction in the components manual programming; G81 drill hole; M98 transfer subroutine instruction.

Key words：Manual programming；Circular interpolation instructions；drilled；subroutine programs.

目 录

摘要 ........................................................................ I Abstract ................................................................... II 第一章 绪论 ................................................................. 5 1.1 数控机床的介绍 ........................................................ 6

1.2 数控编程 .............................................................. 6 第二章 后端盖数控加工工艺分析 ............................................... 7 2.1 后端盖零件分析 ........................................................ 8

2.2 刀具、量具的选择 ...................................................... 9 2.3 编制加工工艺 ......................................................... 10 2.4 手动编制程序 ........................................ 错误！未定义书签。 2.5 确定切削用量及基本时间 .............................. 错误！未定义书签。 第三章 工件的手动编程 ...................................................... 13 3.1 数控编程的定义及分类 ................................................. 14 3.1.1数控编程的定义 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。 3.1.2数控编程的分类 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。 3.1.3编程方法的选择 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。 3.2 编程原点的确定 ....................................................... 18 3.3 零件造型及加工 ....................................................... 19 3.4 后端盖零件的仿真加工 ................................................. 20 第四章 镗孔夹具设计 ........................................................ 20 4.1定位基准的选择 ........................................................ 20 4.2定位元件的设计 ........................................................ 20 4.3切削力及夹紧力的计算 .................................................. 22 4.4定位误差分析 .......................................................... 23 4.5对刀块的设计 ......................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.6夹紧装置的设计 ........................................................ 26