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Unit 1 Cultural relics

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018·成都高三“零诊”) “Hungary？” I looked at my school headmaster in confusion. “I never mentioned wanting to go to Hungary.” And with that, my adventure started.

My name is Jonathan Diamond and I just finished an amazing school exchange year in Hungary.

Going on an exchange had always been my dream. When my high school offered an all-year program, I jumped at the opportunity. It would pay for almost everything and all I had to do was to get a plane ticket. I knew where I wanted to go: Spain, the country of dancers wearing flowing red dresses. So when I heard that I was going to Hungary, I was pretty shocked. But I decided to make the best of it, since it was, after all, a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Before I knew it, I was on the airplane, leaving for Budapest International Airport, Hungary.

I had times when I almost gave up. Hungarian is the hardest language on the planet. Cultural differences occasionally embarrassed both my peer teens and me. I had to give up eating carrots, my beautiful favorite, for they think carrots are rubbish in their country. The change in the landscape was amazing, looking nothing like skyscrapers, bullet trains, cars, and people in tiny houses that I had been accustomed to. Gradually, I fell in love with the relaxing lifestyle, the warm-hearted people, and getting home at 2：30 pm at the latest from school. And I was sad to leave on my very last day.

Having the host family who took me as one of their own members was the best thing I've ever experienced. From my little sisters, I learned how to embrace life to its fullest. From my brothers I learned that it's OK for a boy to run around the house. From my host parents I learned to stay positive, to smile, and that when you pick the right persons and take their hands, suddenly, you become friends.

语篇导读

本文为记叙文，讲述的是“我”在匈牙利做交换生的经历。刚开始，文化差异让“我”无所适从，但是渐渐地“我”喜欢上了这里，并且从“我”的寄宿家庭成员身上学到了积极的生活态度。

1．How did Jonathan feel when he was told to go to Hungary? A．Excited and satisfied. 试卷+教案+习题

B．Confused and shocked.

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C．Amazed and embarrassed. D．Delighted and interested. 解析 B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三段第五句中的I was pretty shocked可知，因为“我”并没有提到自己想去匈牙利，所以当被告知去匈牙利做交换生时，“我”非常困惑不解并且感到很震惊，故选B项。

2．Why did Jonathan still decide to go to Hungary instead of Spain? A．He didn't like Spain.

B．He wanted to learn Hungarian.

C．It was a rare chance. D．Going to Hungary was much cheaper. 解析 C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的…after all, a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity可知，这次机会很难得，故选C项。

3．What can we learn about Jonathan during his stay in Hungary?

A．He fell in love with eating carrots. B．He couldn't wait to leave. C．He was surprised by the landscape. D．He quickly got used to the life there.

解析 C 细节理解题。根据第四段第五句可知，在匈牙利“我”所看到的景色与自己之前所在地方的大不相同，这种前后发生的变化是惊人的，原句中的amazing与surprised意思相同，故选C项。

4．According to Jonathan, the host family ________. A．changed him completely

B．taught him how to dance well

D．showed him the good things

C．treated him as equally as a student of life

解析 D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，“我”从寄宿家庭里的姐妹身上学到要尽情拥抱生活，从父母身上学到要保持积极的心态，经常微笑，与合适的人交朋友等，这些都教会“我”去发现生活中美好的一面，故选D项。

B

It's difficult to think of a better-known work of art than Leonardo da Vinci's

Mona Lisa. Michelangelo's The Creation of Adam on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

comes close, but that's a detail of a huge work, not a work of art on its own. Images by many 20th-century artists like Spain's Pablo Picasso and the US' Andy Warhol are also instantly recognizable. However, no other painting is nearly as famous as the portrait in oils of a fashionable young lady of Florence, Italy.

This painting isn't just famous because the image is now able to be reproduced over and over again. Its fame has at least something to do with the fact that it's a fine piece of work. Da Vinci was a leader in the revolution in painting in the Renaissance period. The Renaissance was more centered around humans than previous 试卷+教案+习题

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European culture was, and the Mona Lisa is a fine example of Renaissance humanism. The work is about a person. The woman da Vinci painted does not represent a religious idea, but is an individual whom one feels that one could talk to and know.

And the question of who the woman is has always interested the public. The earliest answer, from 1517, is that she was just a “certain Florentine lady”， but in 1550, famous historian and painter Giorgio Vasari said she was Mona Lisa, the wife of silk merchant Francesco del Giocondo. Over the centuries, a number of other women have been put forth as the model, including a suggestion that da Vinci used himself, looking in a mirror, as well as the idea that she was painted from da Vinci's imagination. The work invites the viewer/reader to discover for himself or herself, perhaps invent, what it means.

Leonardo kept it himself, and took it with him to Milan, Rome, and France, and used it as a “calling card”， said Larry Feinberg from the Art Institute of Chicago—sort of an advertisement：“Hey, look what I painted! I can paint for you, too！”

语篇导读

本文为说明文，讲述了为什么世界名画——《蒙娜·丽莎》具有经久不衰的魅力。 5．Why does the author refer to three other artists? A．To show the Mona Lisa is very famous. B．To compare da Vinci with other painters. C．To introduce different great painters.

D．To prove no other painter is equal to da Vinci.

解析 A 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句It's difficult to think of a better-known work of art than…以及第一段最后一句However, no other painting is nearly as famous as the portrait…可知，本文提到其他艺术家旨在表明《蒙娜·丽莎》这幅画知名度很高，故选A项。

6．What is stressed by mentioning the Renaissance? A．Painting skills of the Mona Lisa. B．Different attitudes to the Mona Lisa. C．The economic value of the Mona Lisa.

D．The tradition-breaking idea of the Mona Lisa.

解析 D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Da Vinci was a leader in the revolution in painting in the Renaissance period…but is an individual whom one feels that one could talk to and know可知，这部分重点讲述了《蒙娜·丽莎》这幅画创作的历史背景试卷+教案+习题