8下unit4

一、学习目标

1. 掌握疑问词＋动词不定式的结构作动词的宾语。2. 掌握must 和have to的用法。 二、学习重难点

1. 掌握疑问词＋动词不定式的结构作动词的宾语。2. 掌握must 和have to的用法。 三、学习内容 Task1:重点单词

1．read n.读物 v．读，阅读 read—read—read reader 读者 readers' letters 2．cooking n.烹饪，烹调 cook v．烹饪，烹调 n．做饭的人，厨师 cooker n．厨具，炉具 a gas cooker 燃气厨灶 an electric cooker电炉灶具 3．Germany n.德国 German 德国人(pl.Germans)

拓展：human humans Roman Romans Walkman Walkmans 4．spare adj.空闲的；多余的 v．抽出，匀出

5．against prep.紧靠，碰，撞；反对，违反 反义：for

( )Most people are ______ building a paper factory near here.They are worried the river will get polluted.

A．for B．with C．against D．beyond

6．tie vt. 捆，绑 tie—tying(die—dying，lie—lying) n．领带 复数： ties 7．stomach n.腹部；胃(pl.stomachs)

8．either用在否定句的句末，表示”也”的意思。 either，还有”两者中的任何一个”。 There are many shops on either side of the street.＝There are many shops on both sides of the street.

拓展：either…or… 就近原则 neither…nor…就近原则

neither引导倒装句 (主句为否定) 即：neither+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词（不完全倒装）neither +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语（完全倒装）

so引导倒装句 (主句为肯定) 即：so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词（不完全倒装）so +助动词/be

动词/情态动词+主语（完全倒装）

If you don't go there，I won't，either. = If you don't go there，neither do I. --Mary doesn’t like apples. --Neither she does. ( )—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?

—______ is OK.I'm free today and tomorrow. A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．None 9．success n.“成功”；successful adj.“成功的”，短语有：be successful in sth.在某事上很成功；successfully adv.“成功地”；succeed v．“成功”，短语有：succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事。

10．experience作 “经验”讲时，通常用作不可数名词；作 “经历”讲时，常用作可数名词； experience 动词，“经历”；experienced 形容词，“有经验的，经验丰富的”。 1. Germany n. 德国→________ (德国人) →________ (复数) 2. against prep.紧靠,反对→________ (反义词)

3．reader n. 作家→________ (动词)4．tie vt. 捆，绑→________ (现在分词)→________ (过去式)→________ (过去分词) 5．stomach n. 腹部；胃→________ (复数)

6．manage vt.&vi. 设法完成；管理→________ (名词) 7．unable adj. 不能的→________ (反义词) 8.success n. 成功→________ (形容词)→________ (副词) →________ (动词) 9translate vt.&vi. 翻译→________ (名词)10．hidden adj. 隐藏的→________ (动词) Task2:重点短语

1．对…感兴趣 2.提高…知识 3.业余时间 4.撞到岩石 5.筋疲力尽 6.跌倒 7.醒来 8.尽可能远/快/常… 9. 提高我的知识水平 10.跌翻 11.继续做某事 12.设法做某事 13.逃跑 14.俯视 15．按时归还书 16. 阅读习惯 17.向某人走来 18. 开启 19.自学 20. 寻求建议 21.如此多有趣的书 22.如此短的时间 23. 中国的四大名著 24. 实际上 25.巨大成功 Task3:重点句型

1．I have_to use them to reach the box on the fridge.

2．After our ship crashed against the rocks，I swam_as_far_as_I_could． 3．I fell_down on the beach and went to sleep．

4．It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.

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5．I tried_to_pull_one hand free and finally managed_to_break_the ropes. 6．At first，all the British publishing_houses_refused to publish it. *refuse 意为“拒绝，回绝”，其后可以接名词，代词或动词不定式作宾语。 *注意，中文可以说“拒绝某人做某事”，但英语不能说refuse sb.to do sth. 7．You can search_for information on the computer here.

8．I enjoyed reading the books of Robert Louis Stevenson because I find_them_really_exciting． 9．They also open_up a whole new world to me. Task4:重点考点梳理 考点1 either adv. 也 [辨析] either/too/also either too 作副词，表示“也”，通常位于否定句句末。 表示“也”，通常置于肯定句句末。 also 表示“也”，但不能用于否定句，通常置于实义动词之前或be动词之后，位于句中。 [拓展] either还可作代词，意为“两者中的任何一个”。 [搭配] either…or…或者……或者……

(2017?湖南株洲) You can keep one of the old photos. of them.

A. Neither B. Both C. Either 考点2 until prep.& conj. 直到……为止

[点拨] until用于肯定句时，与延续性动词连用，意为“直到……为止”；用于否定句时，与短暂性(瞬间)动词连用，常以not…until的形式出现，意为“直到……才”，可与after, before等引导的时间状语从句进行转换。

（2017·湖北十堰）—You look so tired. What's wrong?

—I didn't go to bed ______I finished watching “In the Name of People” last night. A. until

B. if C. though D. unless

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考点3 refuse 意为“拒绝，回绝”，其后可以接名词，代词或动词不定式作宾语。 *注意，中文可以说“拒绝某人做某事”，但英语不能说refuse sb.to do sth.

(2017·上海) Vivian refuses _______ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.

A) to send B) sending C) sent D) sends 考点4 hand in 上交，递交

[点拨] hand in为“动词＋副词”结构词组，若接代词it或them作宾语时，代词要放在hand和in中间，即hand it/them in；若接名词作宾语时，名词在hand和in中间或in之后均可。 【2015山东烟台】—___________ I complete the composition today, sir? —No, you needn’t. You may ___________tomorrow morning.

A. Can, hand it in B. May, hand in it C. Must, hand it in D. Need, hand in it 考点5 success n.“成功”；successful adj.“成功的”，短语有：be successful in sth.在某事上很成功；successfully adv.“成功地”；succeed v．“成功”，短语有：succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事。

[小试身手 ](1)The charity show was a big __________.

(2)The astronauts __________ in returning from the moon to the earth. (3)The astronauts returned from the moon to the earth __________. (4)You're sure to have __________at school if you work hard enough. (5)The children are discussing how to run a class meeting __________. (6)He __________ in a job interview and got a well－paid job shortly after. Task5:重点语法回顾 1．疑问词＋动词不定式

“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可以在句中作主语，宾语，表语等；疑问词包括疑问代词what，which，who和疑问副词how，when，where等。 “疑问词＋动词不定式”常放在tell，show，teach，learn，know，wonder，discuss，remember，forget，find out 等动词或动词短语之后作宾语。有些动词，如ask，show，teach，tell等，其后可接双宾语。“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可以改写成由疑问词引导的从句。

1. （2017·湖北孝感）Let’s discuss when we shall go to the Sea World. (改为同义句)

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