2020°æÐÂÒ»Ï߸߿¼»¯Ñ§È˽̰æÒ»ÂÖ¸´Ï°½Ìѧ°¸£ºµÚ4ÕµÚ2½ÚÑõ¡¢Áò¼°ÆäÖØÒª»¯ºÏÎﺬ´ð°¸ ÏÂÔر¾ÎÄ

µÚ¶þ½Ú Ñõ¡¢Áò¼°ÆäÖØÒª»¯ºÏÎï

¿¼¸Ù¶¨Î» ºËÐÄËØÑø 1.ºê¹Û±æʶ¡ª¡ªÄÜ´Ó²»Í¬²ã´ÎÈÏʶÑõ¡¢1.ÕÆÎÕO3ºÍH2O2µÄÖ÷ÒªÐÔÖʼ°ÆäÓ¦Óᣠ2£®ÕÆÎÕÁòÔªËص¥Öʼ°ÆäÖØÒª»¯ºÏÎïµÄÖ÷ÒªÐÔÖʼ°Ó¦Óᣠ3£®Á˽âÁò¡¢Ñõ¼°ÆäÖØÒª»¯ºÏÎïµÄÖƱ¸·½·¨¡£ 4£®Á˽âÁòÔªËص¥Öʼ°ÆäÖØÒª»¯ºÏÎï¶Ô»·¾³µÄÓ°Ïì¡£ Áò¼°Æ仯ºÏÎïµÄÖ÷ÒªÐÔÖʼ°Ó¦Óᣠ2£®±ä»¯¹ÛÄ¡ª´ÓÁòµÄ»¯ºÏ¼Û±ä»¯ÈÏʶÁò¼°Æ仯ºÏÎïµÄÏ໥ת»¯¼°Ó¦Óᣠ3£®¿Æѧ̽¾¿¡ª¡ª´Ó²»Í¬µÄ½Ç¶È̽¾¿Áò¼°ÆäÖØÒª»¯ºÏÎïµÄÐÔÖʼ°ÖƱ¸ÊµÑé·½°¸£¬²¢½øÐÐʵÑé²Ù×÷ÑéÖ¤¡£ 4£®Éç»áÔðÈΡª¡ª¹Ø×¢ÓëSO2ÓйصÄÎÛȾºÍ»·¾³±£»¤£¬¾ßÓпɳÖÐø·¢Õ¹ÒâʶºÍÂÌÉ«»¯Ñ§¹ÛÄî¡£ ¿¼µãÒ»| ÂÌÉ«Ñõ»¯¼Á¡ª¡ªO3ºÍH2O2µÄÐÔÖʼ°Ó¦ÓÃ

1£®³ôÑõ(O3)

(1)×é³É£º³ôÑõµÄ·Ö×ÓʽΪO3£¬ÓëO2»¥ÎªÍ¬ËØÒìÐÎÌ壬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓÐÌØÊâ³ôζµÄµ­À¶É«ÆøÌå¡£

(2)»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ

¢Ù²»Îȶ¨ÐÔ£ºO3²»Îȶ¨£¬ÈÝÒ׷ֽ⣬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2O3===3O2¡£ ¢ÚÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ

a£®ÄÜÑõ»¯¾ßÓл¹Ô­ÐÔµÄÎïÖÊ£¬ÈçKI¡¢FeCl2µÈ¡£ O3£«2KI£«H2O===I2£«2KOH£«O2

b£®Æ¯°×ÐÔ£ºÒòO3ÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔËüÄÜʹÓÐÉ«ÎïÖÊÍÊÉ«£¬²¢±»ÓÃÀ´É±¾úÏû¶¾¡£ (3)ÓÃ;£º¢Ù¿ÉÓÃ×÷Ư°×¼Á¡¢ÍÑÉ«¼ÁºÍÏû¶¾¼Á£»¢Ú³ôÑõ²ã¿ÉÒÔÎüÊÕÀ´×ÔÌ«ÑôµÄ×ÏÍâÏߣ¬ÊÇÈËÀàºÍÆäËûÉúÎïµÄ±£»¤É¡¡£

ÌáÐÑ£º(1)O3µÄÉú³É£ºÔڷŵçÌõ¼þÏ¿ÕÆøÖеÄO2¿ÉÒÔת»¯ÎªO3,3O22O3£»(2)O3ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖк¬Á¿ºÜÉÙ£¬ÈËÃǸе½Çåˬ£¬µ«³¬¹ýÒ»¶¨Å¨¶È£¬Ôò»áÓ°ÏìÈËÌåµÄ½¡¿µ¡£

2£®¹ýÑõ»¯Ç⡪¡ªÆäË®ÈÜÒº³ÆË«ÑõË® (1)½á¹¹£ºµç×ÓʽΪ

£¬½á¹¹Ê½ÎªH¡ªO¡ªO¡ªH£¬º¬ÓеĹ²¼Û¼üÓм«ÐÔ

¼ü¡¢·Ç¼«ÐÔ¼ü£¬Îª¹²¼Û»¯ºÏÎΪÎÞÉ«ÒºÌå¡£

(2)»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖʼ°Ó¦ÓÃ

¢Ù²»Îȶ¨ÐÔ£º¼ÓÈÈ¡¢¼Ó´ß»¯¼Á¶¼ÄÜʹ·Ö½âËÙÂʼӿ졣 2H2O22H2O£«O2¡ü(ʵÑéÊÒÖÆO2)¡£ ¢ÚÈõËáÐÔ£ºÏ൱ÓÚ¶þÔªÈõËá¡£ H2O2

£­

H£«£«HO£­2£¬HO2

£­

H£«£«O22¡£

¢ÛÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ

a£®ÓÃ10%µÄË«ÑõˮƯ°×Óð뼰˿֯Ʒ(Ư°×¼Á)¡£

b£®Ñõ»¯Fe2£«µÈ»¹Ô­ÐÔÁ£×Ó£¬ÆäÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪH2O2£«2Fe2£«£«2H£«===2Fe3£«£«2H2O¡£ c£®Ê¹ÊªÈóµÄµí·ÛKIÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÆäÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪH2O2£«2I£­£«2H£«===I2£«2H2O¡£ d£®É±¾ú¡¢Ïû¶¾¡£

¢ÜÈõ»¹Ô­ÐÔ£ºÓöÇ¿Ñõ»¯¼Áʱ×÷»¹Ô­¼Á¡£

2KMnO4£«5H2O2£«3H2SO4===K2SO4£«2MnSO4£«5O2¡ü£«8H2O¡£

ÌáÐÑ£º(1)MnO2¡¢Fe3£«¡¢Cu2£«¾ù¿ÉÒÔ×÷ΪH2O2·Ö½âµÄ´ß»¯¼Á£»(2)H2O2ΪÂÌÉ«Ñõ»¯¼Á£¬±»»¹Ô­ÎªH2O²»ÒýÈëÆäËûÀë×Ó¡£

(3)BaO2ÓëÏ¡ÁòËá·´Ó¦¿ÉÖÆÈ¡H2O2£ºBaO2£«H2SO4===BaSO4¡ý£«H2O2¡£ [Ó¦ÓÃÌåÑé]

1£®ÕýÎóÅжÏ(ÕýÈ·µÄ´ò¡°¡Ì¡±£¬´íÎóµÄ´ò¡°¡Á¡±) (1)O3ÓëH2O2¿ÉÒÔɱËÀϸ¾ú£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÂÌÉ«Ïû¶¾¼Á¡£

( )

(2)³ôÑõ±ÈÑõÆøµÄÑõ»¯ÐÔ¸üÇ¿£¬³£ÎÂÏÂÄܽ«Ag¡¢HgµÈ½Ï²»»îÆõĽðÊôÑõ»¯¡£ (3)O3ÓëO2µÄת»¯ÊÇÑõ»¯»¹Ô­·´Ó¦¡£ (4)À×µçÌìÆøµÄ¿ÕÆøÖÐO3µÄº¬Á¿»áÔö´ó¡£

( ) ( )

(5)³ôÑõºÍ»îÐÔÌ¿Ò»Ñù£¬Äܹ»Îü¸½ÓлúÉ«ËØ£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖֺܺõÄÍÑÉ«¼Á¡£( ) ´ð°¸£º(1)¡Ì (2)¡Ì (3)¡Á (4)¡Ì (5)¡Á 2£®Ð´³öÏÂÁз´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ

(1)Na2SO3ÈÜÒºÓëË«ÑõË®»ìºÏ________________________________¡£ (2)H2O2ÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏÂÓëKMnO4·´Ó¦_______________________________¡£ (3)H2O2»¹¿É½«¼îÐÔ¹¤Òµ·ÏË®ÖеÄCN

£­

Ñõ»¯ÎªÌ¼ËáÑκͰ±Æø

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________¡£ (4)Ë«ÑõË®ÖÐͨÈëSO2_______________________________________¡£

£­2£­

´ð°¸£º(1)SO3£«H2O2===SO24£«H2O

(2)5H2O2£«2MnO4£«6H===2Mn2£«8H2O£«5O2¡ü

£­

£«

£«

£­(3)H2O2£«CN£­£«OH£­===CO23£«NH3¡ü £­(4)H2O2£«SO2===2H£«£«SO24

¡Ñ¿¼·¨¡î O3¡¢H2O2µÄÐÔÖʼ°Ó¦ÓÃ

1£®(2019¡¤ÕżҽçÄ£Äâ)ijÉÌÆ·µÄ¹ã¸æ´ÊÊÇ¡°³ôÑõ£¬ÊÀ½çÉÏ×îÇ¿´óµÄÏû¶¾¼Á¡±¡£ÏÂÁÐÓйØÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ( )

A£®³ôÑõÓëÑõÆøÊÇͬ·ÖÒì¹¹Ì壬¶þÕßµÄת»¯ÊôÓÚ»¯Ñ§±ä»¯ B£®´óÆøƽÁ÷²ãÖеijôÑõÎüÊÕ×ÏÍâÏߣ¬±£»¤µØÇòÉϵÄÉúÎï C£®³ôÑõÓж¾£¬ËùÒÔ²»ÄÜÓÃÓÚË®µÄ¾»»¯

D£®ÒòΪ³ôÑõ·Ö½âÉú³ÉÑõÆø£¬ËùÒÔ¿ÕÆøÖгôÑõµÄº¬Á¿Ô½¸ßÔ½ºÃ

B [AÏO3ÓëO2ÊÇͬËØÒìÐÎÌ壬²»ÊÇͬ·ÖÒì¹¹Ì壻CÏO3¿ÉÓÃÓÚË®µÄɱ¾ú¾»»¯£»DÏO3µÄº¬Á¿ºÜ¸ßʱ£¬¶ÔÉúÎïÊÇÓк¦µÄ¡£]

2£®ÏÂÁÐÓйØË«Ñõˮ˵·¨´íÎóµÄÊÇ( )

A£®H2O2¡¢Na2O2¶¼ÊôÓÚ¹ýÑõ»¯Î¶¼´æÔÚ¹²¼Û¼ü B£®Ë«ÑõË®ÊÇÂÌÉ«Ñõ»¯¼Á£¬¿É×÷Ò½ÁÆÏû¶¾¼Á

C£®H2O2ÔÚ¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâøµÄ´ß»¯Ï£¬Î¶ÈÔ½¸ß£¬·Ö½âËÙÂÊÔ½¿ì

D£®H2O2×÷Ư°×¼ÁÊÇÀûÓÃÆäÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬Æ¯°×Ô­ÀíÓëHClOÀàËÆ£¬ÓëSO2²»Í¬ C [øÔÚ¹ý¸ßµÄζÈÏ»áʧȥ»îÐÔ£¬¹ÊCÏî´íÎó¡£]

3£®¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¶þÔªÈõËᣬ±È̼ËáµÄËáÐÔÈõ£¬ËüÔÚÊÜÈÈ»ò¼îÐÔÌõ¼þϼ«²»Îȶ¨£¬Ò×·Ö½âÉú³ÉH2OºÍO2¡£

(1)Ë«ÑõË®ÄÜʹËáÐÔ¸ßÃÌËá¼ØÈÜÒºÍÊÉ«£¬ÌåÏÖÁËË«ÑõË®µÄ________ÐÔ(Ìî¡°Ñõ»¯¡±¡°»¹Ô­¡±¡°Ëᡱ»ò¡°¼î¡±£¬ÏÂͬ)£»Ë«ÑõË®ÄÜʹƷºìÈÜÒºÍÊÉ«£¬ÌåÏÖÁËË«ÑõË®µÄ______ÐÔ¡£

(2)H2O2µçÀëµÄ·½³ÌʽΪ_______________________________________¡£

(3)¼øÓÚH2O2ÏÔÈõËáÐÔ£¬Ð´³öËüÓë×ãÁ¿Ba(OH)2×÷ÓÃÐγÉÑεĻ¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º___________________________________________________________¡£

(4)Ï¡ÁòËá²»ÓëCu·´Ó¦£¬µ«ÔÚÏ¡ÁòËáÖмÓÈëH2O2ºóÔò¿ÉʹCuÈܽ⣬д³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________¡£ ´ð°¸£º(1)»¹Ô­ Ñõ»¯

(2)H2O2H£«HO2£¬HO2

£«£­£­

H

£«

£­

£«O22

(3)Ba(OH)2£«H2O2===BaO2£«2H2O (4)Cu£«H2SO4£«H2O2===CuSO4£«2H2O

¿¼µã¶þ| Áò¼°ÆäÑõ»¯ÎïµÄÖ÷ÒªÐÔÖʺÍÓ¦ÓÃ

1£®ÁòµÄ´æÔÚºÍÐÔÖÊ (1)×ÔÈ»½çÖÐÁòÔªËصĴæÔÚ

(2)Áòµ¥ÖʵÄÎïÀíÐÔÖÊ

Áòµ¥ÖÊË׳ÆÁò»Æ£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ»ÆÉ«¹ÌÌ壻²»ÈÜÓÚË®£¬Î¢ÈÜÓھƾ«£¬Ò×ÈÜÓÚCS2£»ÓжàÖÖͬËØÒìÐÎÌ壬È絥бÁò¡¢Ð±·½ÁòµÈ¡£

(3)´Ó»¯ºÏ¼ÛµÄ½Ç¶ÈÈÏʶÁòµ¥ÖʵĻ¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ ¢ÙSµÄÑõ»¯ÐÔ¡ª¡ªÓë±ä¼Û½ðÊô»¯ºÏΪµÍ¼ÛÁò»¯Îï

a£®SÓëFe¡¢Cu·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÒÀ´ÎΪS£«FeFeS¡¢S£«2CuCu2S¡¢S£«Hg===HgS(´Ë·´Ó¦ÊÊÓÃÓÚ³ýÈ¥ÊÒÄÚÈ÷ÂäµÄHg)¡£

b£®SÓëH2»¯ºÏ·´Ó¦ÎªS£«H2H2S¡£ ¢ÚSµÄ»¹Ô­ÐÔ

a£®SÓëO2·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪS£«O2SO2£¬ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖÐȼÉÕ»ðÑæΪµ­À¶É«¡£ b£®ÓëÇ¿Ñõ»¯¼Á·´Ó¦(ÈçŨÁòËá)µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪS£«2H2SO4(Ũ)3SO2¡ü£«2H2O¡£ ÌáÐÑ£º(1)³ýÈ¥ÊÔ¹ÜÄÚ±Ú𤸽µÄS¿ÉÓÃCS2Èܽâ³ýÈ¥£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÈȵÄNaOHÈÜÒº³ýÈ¥£¬Æ䷴ӦΪ

3S£«6NaOH===2Na2S£«Na2SO3£«3H2O£»(2)SȼÉյIJúÎïÊÇSO2£¬²»»áÉú³ÉSO3¡£ 2£®ÁòµÄÑõ»¯Îï(SO2¡¢SO3)µÄÐÔÖʼ°Ó¦Óà (1)SO2µÄÐÔÖʼ°ÆäÓ¦ÓÃ

SO2ÊÇÎÞÉ«¡¢Óд̼¤ÐÔÆøζµÄÓж¾ÆøÌ壬ÃܶȱȿÕÆøµÄ´ó£¬Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®¡£ ¢Ù¾ßÓÐËáÐÔÑõ»¯ÎïµÄͨÐÔ(д³ö»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ) ÓëH2O·´Ó¦£ºSO2£«H2OH2SO3£¬