英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 下载本文

英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ___________. A.recognizing C.having recognized 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析:本题考查动词的非谓语动词形式。句意:那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以,他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断,此后应该使用动词的动名词形式,由于他是被人认出的,所以应该用动名词的被动式,所以选B。 考点:考查非谓语动词的用法

B.being recognized D.having been recognized

2.In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.

A.making B.made C.make D.makes 【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。在澳大利亚,许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识,使中国游客去旅游更加容易。根据与前面一句用逗号隔开,没有连词,故判断此空用非谓语动词,根据与主语是主动关系,故用动词-ing形式,用来修饰和补充上一句话,故选A。

3.115.______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A.Expressing B.Expressed C.To express D.Having expressed 【答案】C

【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:为了表达他的爱,克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的,故选C。

4.Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher. A.make B.turn C.get D.grow 【答案】A 【解析】

考查动词辨析。make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”,是及物动词;turn表示“变成,成为”是不及物动词;get“变成,做成”是不及物动词;grow表示“生长,成长”。根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。”及句式结构可知,此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意,make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。故最佳答案应为A项。

5.________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.

A.Tasted C.To taste 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

B.Tasting D.Being tasted

考查非谓语动词。句意:这种药尝起来非常难吃,被这个孩子扔掉了。主语是medicine,taste与主语是主动关系,而且taste是系动词无被动,因此用现在分词,故选B。

6. He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A.to act B. to have acted C. acting D.having acted 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析:句型“有人认为..已....”可用It is thought/ believed/ ...that sb have/has done...结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如:

It is reported that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago. 因此B选项正确。

句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。” 考点:考查动词非谓语形式。

7.With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ________ presents for my dad

A.buy B.to buy C.buying D.to have bought 【答案】B 【解析】

句意:父亲节将要到来, 为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。题干中空格划在名词后, 但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明, 而是说明取钱的目的, 因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语, 非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的, 因此选择B

8.When ___________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A.asking C.having asked 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析:句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句,完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a

B.asked D.to be asked

teacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语动词有be时,这时从句的主语与be同时省略,故选B。 考点:考查省略的用法。

点评:本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,需要考生仔细分析句子结构,来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。

即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship,______ is more true than any other.

A.once gained B.when to gain C.after gaining D.while gaining

解析:A。考查省略句。once gained =\。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。

9.Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank. A.to use 【答案】B 【解析】

本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use与主语time之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B。句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。

B.used

C.using

D.use

10.The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”. A.being taken C.to be taken 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:图书馆墙上的牌子上写着:“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知,此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。

B.to take D.taking

11.(2018· 北京)Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A.used B.to use C.using D.use 【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果正确使用的话,普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句,_________ correctly是条件状语,修饰ordinary soap,ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词,A选项正确。 点睛:过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。

12.________ nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel. A.Having spent C.Spent 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:已经花完了几乎所有的钱,我们无法支付住宾馆的费用。动词不定式表将来和目的,根据句意可知,“花钱”的动作发生在过去,排除B、D;过去分词表完成和被动,we与spend是主谓关系,应该用现在分词,排除C;当两个动作有先后关系时,用现在分词的完成式,现在分词的完成式在本句相当于because we have spent nearly all our money,表原因。故选A。

B.To spend D.To have spent

13.There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent. A.used 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】

考查过去分词。句意:近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知,money与use在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。

B.using

C.to use

D.to be used

14.Don't turn a deaf ear to the advice which will make a ________to your future. A.mess C.fuss 【答案】B 【解析】

不要对能够对你未来产生影响的建议掩耳不闻。make a different to对什么有影响,是固定短语,所以选B。

B.difference D.remark

15.John always gets up early in the morning _____ energetic and ready to start a new day. A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt 【答案】C

【解析】考查现在分词。句意:John总是一大早起床,感觉精力充沛并准备开始新的一天。现在分词做伴随状态。故选C。

16.Emphasis on quantity of growth overlooked gaps in the quality, _____ many aspects of the social services neglected. A.having left 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:强调数量的增长却忽视了质量间的差距,使得很多社会服务的方面被忽视了。此处的逻辑主语是前面主句描述的情况,存在逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动。故D选项正确。

B.to be leaving

C.to have left

D.leaving

17.New policies, _______ to insure that compulsory education is truly free, ________ by the local government across China since the start of school on September 1. A.intending; have been made known C.intending; are made known 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查非谓语动词和时态及语态。句意:自从9月1号开学以来,为了确保义务教育是真的免费的政策已经被全国各地的政府知晓。分析句式结构,第一空处是做policies的定语,且与其是被动关系,此处是过去分词短语做后置定语;根据上文可知,新的政策已经被知道,要用现在完成时,主语是policies,与谓语make known之间是被动关系,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选B。 【点睛】

动词作为常考词性,要求考生掌握其精确的用法,在考查其谓语形式是常考动词的时态和语态,语态主要靠分析出主谓关系和动宾关系。对于被动语态首先要知道其基本结构(be done),其次是要根据需要的时态和人称选择be的形式。本小题对时态和语态均进行了考查,要求考生们全面分析试题,不可顾此失彼。

B.intended; have been made known D.intended; had made known

18.Moving to Canada for higher education has been exciting. On the first day of term, there were crowds of people in the dormitory, all where they should go. A.looked for for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:到加拿大接受高等教育令人兴奋,开学第一天,宿舍挤满了人,大家都在找自己该去的地方。People与look for是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作伴随状语,故B项正确。

B.looking for

C.were looking for

D.had been looking