英语单项知识的讲解与练习（29）

141、no matter how hard it is

no matter how ...引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么……”，how

后跟形容词或副词，相当于“however + adj./adv.”句式。

no matter意为“无论；不管”时，引导让步状语从句，常用于下列句型中：no matter what (who/when etc. )... 分别表示“无论何事”、“无论何人”、“无论何时”等，这个从句可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。no matter后接关系代词或关系副词引导的状语从句在句中作让步状语。

no matter what (who, which, where, when … )只能引导让步状语从句； whatever (whoever, whichever, whomever)既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。

no matter 引导的分句表达的是将来的含义，但形式上要用现在时。如：No matter who will come (改为：comes)；

no matter 引导的分句不能作宾语或主语。如：I’ll eat no matter what (改为：whatever) you give me；

whichever意为“无论哪个；无论哪些”；whatever意为“无论什么；凡是……的事物”。

whichever可以引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，which是个疑问词；用在疑问句中，或作关系代词，引导定语从句。

no matter which只能引导让步状语从句；而whichever可引导让步状语从句和名词从句。no matter which可以用whichever代替，但

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两个同时出现在选项中时，必须选whichever。 练习：

①No matter ___ he said, I don’t like him. A. what B. how C. that D. why ②No matter ___ you go, I will go with you. A. what B. which C. where D. that

③That student is discourteous; he complains ___ one tries to please him.

A. however B. whatever C. no matter what D. no matter how ④_____ the problem may be, we must solve it ourselves. A. Whatever difficult B. How difficult C. However difficult D. No matter what difficult ⑤It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants.

A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ⑥We’ll eat at _____ restaurant has a free table.

A. which B. whatever C. whichever D. no matter which ⑦These wild flowers are so special that I would _____ do I can to save them.

A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever

142、mind doing something

(1)、mind doing something 通常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句等

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结构中，这个结构前还可加所有格定语。类似的词有：delay, deny, fancy, imagine, excuse。

(2)、Do/ Would you mind doing something? 请你做某事是否介意吗？ mind 后的动作仍是主语you 的动作，表示说话人请求对方做某事，一般接动名词，而不用if 从句。

Would you mind one’s doing something? 某人做某事你介意吗？指说话人征求对方对自己做某事的意见。

这两个问句的答语，如表示允许、同意某人做某事用：No, I don’t mind/ No, go ahead/ No, please/ Of course not/ Not at all/ Certainly not. 如表示不允许用：I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed/ Yes, I do mind/ I’m afraid I can’t let you/ I’d rather you didn’t.

(3)、mind后的if 从句通常不用将来时，而用一般现在时或一般过去时。句前用do，从句通常用一般现在时；句前用would， if 从句通常用一般过去时；would 和从句中的一般过去时并不表示过去，而是说话人表示礼貌或委婉语气的需要，有时可用if you don’t mind于句尾。如： I’d like to ask you a few questions if you don’t mind = Would/ Do you mind if I asked/ ask you a few questions? 也可用：Would you be kind/ good enough to do something/ Would you be so kind as to do something? 表示请求，但语气较强。

(4)、只能接动名词作宾语的常用动词有：mind, enjoy, miss, escape, practise, suggest, give up, avoid, finish, insist on 等。巧记：memepsgafi妹妹不吃咖啡。

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