2013年全国大学生电子设计竞赛
单相AC-DC变换电路(A题)
【本科组】
2013年9月7日
摘 要:本电路将市电经变压器降压得到24V交流电,经过AC-DC变换电路、Boost电路,输出36V直流恒压电源。采用有源功率因素校正(APFC)技术,通过430单片机产生的PWM控制开关管IGBT的开关频率,控制输出电压大小。同时,利用电压外环将输出电压稳定在额定范围内,电流内环反馈跟踪相位校正功率因数。
关键词:AC-DC变换,有源功率因素校正,MSP430,PWM控制,PI调节
Abstract: This circuit output the 24V alternating current by step-down transformer, After AC-DC transform circuit, Boost circuit, output 36V DC constant voltage power supply. The active power factor correction (APFC) technology,PWM control switch frequency tube IGBT produced by 430 MCU, can control the output voltage. At the same time, the voltage outer loop will be stable output voltage within the rated range, current feedback tracing phase power factor correction.
Key word: AC-DC Convert, APFC, MSP430, PWM control, Proportional Integral Control,
- 1 -目录
1.设计任务与要技术指标 ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1设计任务(见附录1) ................................................................................................... 1 1.2技术指标(见附录1) ................................................................................................... 1 1.3题目分析 .......................................................................................................................... 1 2.方案比较与论证 ......................................................................................................................... 1
2. 1各种方案比较与选择 ........................................................................................................ 1
2. 1. 1 AC-DC转换电路拓扑结构及控制方案比较: ................................................ 1 2.1.2过流保护方案比较: .............................................................................................. 3
2. 2方案选择: ........................................................................................................................ 3 3.理论分析计算 ............................................................................................................................. 4
3.1提高效率的方法 .............................................................................................................. 4 3.2功率因数的调整方法 ...................................................................................................... 4 3.3稳压控制方法 .................................................................................................................. 5 4.电路与程序设计 ......................................................................................................................... 6
4.1主电路与器件选择 .......................................................................................................... 6
4.1.1设计思想: ............................................................................................................ 6 4.1.2主电路图: ............................................................................................................ 6 4.1.3器件选择 ................................................................................................................ 7 4.2控制电路与控制程序 ...................................................................................................... 9
4.2.1测控及驱动电路 ................................................................................................ 9 4.2.2控制程序 .......................................................................................................... 10 4.2.3程序清单(见附录2) ....................................................................................... 11 4.3保护电路 ........................................................................................................................ 11 5.测试方案与测试 ....................................................................................................................... 11
5.1测试方案及测试条件 .................................................................................................... 11
5.1.1硬件测试 .......................................................................................................... 11 5.1.2软件测试 .......................................................................................................... 11 5.1.3系统测试 .......................................................................................................... 12 5.1.4测试条件与测试仪器 ...................................................................................... 12 5.2测试结果及其完整性 .................................................................................................... 13
5.2.1测试结果(基本要求测试) .......................................................................... 13 5.2.2测试结果(发挥部分测试) .......................................................................... 14 5.3测试结果与分析 ............................................................................................................ 15 6.附录1 ........................................................................................................................................... 16 7附录2 ........................................................................................................................................... 17 8.参考文献 ...................................................................................................................................... 21
1.设计任务与要技术指标
1.1设计任务(见附录1) 1.2技术指标(见附录1) 1.3题目分析
AC/DC变换电路是电力电子电路中出现最早的一种,它的作用是将交流电能变为直流电能供给直流用电设备,被广泛应用在小功率及各种电子设备领域,对于AC/DC电路,可以变换的主要对象是电压和电流。本次设计任务需要输出稳定的36V直流稳压电源,输出的电流额定值为2A,具有输出过流保护功能,同时还对输入功率有很高的要求,并能够实现功率因数校正。此次设计的关键是在电路中电流要紧跟随电压的变化,从而实现对功率因数的调节,而难点在于要在动态的电路中对电流、电压进行测量、采样,送入单片机进行计算,在采样过程中有电流、电压的滞后与超前,需要对电流与电压进行复杂的运算,使输出的直流稳压电源满足标准。
2.方案比较与论证
2. 1各种方案比较与选择
2. 1. 1 AC-DC转换电路拓扑结构及控制方案比较:
方案一:使用单相桥式全控整流电路,每一个导电回路中有两个晶闸管,即用两个晶闸管同时导通以控制导电回路。使用IR2136驱动芯片控制四个开关管IGBT的开通与关断,使电路能够稳定输出36V稳压电源。通过采样电流跟随放大在与输出电压相比较,再经过滞环,实现电路功率因数的调节。
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