英语学习讲义

专题强化练(五) 阅读七选五

Passage 1(2019·山东临沂高三模拟)

The man who could see the future

The ability to predict the future is a rare talent.American author Isaac Asimov (1920—1992), one of the great science fiction writers of his age, had such a talent.____1__Now that we're here, let's see what he got right.

____2__ Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century. Specifically, he said that “mobile computerized objects” would be an important part of everyday life.Here, he clearly predicted our world of smartphones, tables and other devices.He also had a great deal to say about space exploration.____3__ How did Asimov develop his special sense of future developments？__4__ He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents' candy store.His scientific interest gained sharper focus at Columbia University in New York.Asimov went to study chemistry, but became bored with pure laboratory science.Instead, he thought hard about the social implications(作用) of science.He wanted to communicate his ideas to the public.

__5__ Asimov had his finger on the pulse(脉搏)of both scientific and social change.He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series(《银河帝国系列》)．“His predictions are absolutely fascinating，” Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC News.“He was a genius.”

A．As a smart boy, Asimov taught himself to read at the age of

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five.

B．Space exploration really can make our life more convenient and comfortable.

C．Back in 1983, he was asked to predict what the world would look like in 2019.

D．On the role that computing would play in the future, he was amazingly accurate.

E．Asimov has developed a great interest in computer programming since childhood.

F．As an author, his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology.

G．The International Space Station proves his prediction that we would not simply visit space but seek to stay there.

【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了科幻大师阿西莫夫和他的预言的准确性以及他是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识的。

1．解析：由“American author Isaac Asimov (1920—1992), one of the great science fiction writers of his age, had such a talent.____1__Now that we're here, let's see what he got right.”可知，美国作家艾萨克·阿西莫夫(1920—1992)是他那个时代最伟大的科幻作家之一，他有这样一种天赋。以及后文“让我们看看他预测对了什么”可推知，空格处在本段中起承上启下的作用。故C选项“早在1983年，他就被要求预测2019年的世界会是什么样子”承上启下。故C选项切题。

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答案：C

2．解析：由“Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century”可知，阿西莫夫认为计算机将引发一场与19世纪工业革命相当的革命，根据第一段可知，下面是讲阿西莫夫预测的结果，故D选项“关于计算机在未来将所扮演的角色。他惊人准确地预测了”是说明他预测的计算机的结果，与本段内容符合，故D选项切题。

答案：D

3．解析：由“He also had a great deal to say about space exploration”可知，关于太空探索，他也预测了。所以空格处要接着说他预言的结果。故G选项“国际空间站证明了他的预言，我们不仅要拜访太空，还要设法留在那里”与太空探索相关，且是预测结果。故G选项切题。

答案：G

4．解析：由“He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents' candy store”可知，他读了父母糖果店出售的报纸和杂志。所以空格处要与下一句一起来说明阿西莫夫是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识的。故A选项“作为一个聪明的孩子，阿西莫夫在五岁时就开始自学”承上启下。故A选项切题。

答案：A

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5．解析：由“Asimov had his finger on the pulse(脉搏) of both scientific and social change.He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series(《银河帝国系列》)．‘His predictions are absolutely fascinating，’ Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC News.‘He was a genius.’”(阿西莫夫将手指放在科学和社会变革的脉搏上。他在《银河帝国》系列等作品中清楚地呈现了人类即将面临的困境。英国作家卡鲁姆·蔡斯对英国广播公司说：“他是个天才。”)可知，本段主要在说作为一名作家，他的书以科技引起的社会变革为主题，故F选项“作为一名作家，他的书以科技引起的社会变革为主题”是本段主题句。故F选项切题。

答案：F

Passage 2(2019·河南新乡高三质量检测)

Why Stand in Line on Black Friday?

Standing in line is a pain.At the post office.At the box office.At a restaurant.__1__The first spot outside some Best Buy stores is usually claimed (认领) weeks in advance, often by a person in a tent.Shoppers at Walmart will print out maps of the store, with circles around their primary targets.__2__ “These queues are quite different than the usual annoying ones we come across day to day at the ATM or in the subway，” said Richard Larson, a professor at MIT who has spent years studying line behavior.“Once a year，” he said, “the lines are exciting.They're the

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kind you might tell your grandchildren about.” ____3__ Billie LeClere, 45, was first in line on Thursday at Walmart in Manchester, Iowa.She said she was a regular Black Friday shopper.But this year, she came with a specific purpose: to get a good deal on a new TV.She and her husband had recently separated, and he had taken the old TV earlier that day.“The marriage died, not the TV，” she said.__4__ “It's going to be nice to have something that's newer－and it's mine, not his.”

__5__ The following are two of the typical results.The “gotta have it” atmosphere makes people more anxious.Sometimes the behaviour of the queue turns violent.Therefore，lines test patience，personal space especially on Black Friday, when the crowds can be overwhelming (势不可挡的)．

A．Shoppers are excited to buy gifts. B．But on Black Friday, it's an experience.

C．Moreover, the crowds are queuing for good deals. D．Many families are queuing to chat with each other. E．The experience gave her a sense of accomplishment. F．They are trying to turn the experience into an adventure. G．The behaviour of people in lines has inspired decades of research.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人们为什么要在黑色星期五排队。

1．解析：根据前面“Standing in line is a pain.At the post office.At the box office.At a restaurant.”(排队是一种痛苦。在邮局、在售票处、在餐馆)，可知，这里为转折关系。但在黑色星期五，这是一种体验。

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