摘 要

这次设计涉及机械制造工艺和机床夹具设计，金属切削机床，公差，协调和测量等诸多方面的知识。

蜗轮减速器箱体零件的工艺规划和夹具设计包括加工工艺设计，工序设计和夹具设计三部分。在过程设计中应首先了解零件的分析过程，然后设计毛坯结构，并选择好加工零件的定位基准，设计零件的工艺路线;然后对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，再通过《机械加工工艺简明速查手册》找到对应刀具及切削三要素进行查填入工艺卡片;然后设计专门的夹具，先设计出夹具体，然后再设计每一个相关的零件，如定位元件，夹紧元件，导向元件，然后再画出标准件，计算夹具定位产生的定位误差，找到指导老师帮助分析合理性夹具结构不足，进而注重未来设计的改进。

关键词：蜗轮减速器箱体 工艺 夹具 定位 夹紧 误差

Abstract

This design relates to the mechanical manufacturing process and fixture design, metal cutting machine, tolerances, and coordinate measurement and many other aspects of knowledge.

Including the design process planning and fixture design of worm gear reducer box parts, process design and fixture design in three parts. In the process of design should first understand the analysis process of parts, and then design the blank structure, and choose a good location machining datum, the process route design of parts and parts of each step; process size calculation, and then through the \processing machinery concise manual > find the corresponding tool and cutting the three elements to fill in the craft card; then design A special fixture, to design a specific folder, then design every relevant parts, such as the positioning element, the clamping element, the guide element, and then draw out the standard, calculation of location error of fixture location generated by the teacher to help find guidance for analysis on the rationality of the fixture structure is not enough, and then improve the design in the future.

Key words: worm reducer box process fixture positioning clamping error

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目 录

摘要 ....................................................................... I Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................... II

第1章 绪论 ................................................................................................................................................ 1 第2章 工艺设计 ....................................................................................................................................... 2

2.1 零件的分析 ................................................................................................................. 2

2.1.1 零件的作用 .................................................. 2 2.1.2 零件的工艺分析 .............................................. 2 2.2 毛坯选择 .......................................................... 2

2.2.1 毛坯的种类 .................................................. 2 2.2.2 毛坯尺寸公差与机械加工余量的确定 ............................ 2 2.2.3 设计毛坯图 .................................................. 3 2.3 定位基准的选择 .................................................... 4 2.4 零件表面加工方法和工艺路线的确定 .................................. 5

2.4.1 确定各表面的加工方法 ........................................ 5 2.4.2 加工顺序的安排 .............................................. 5 2.5 工艺设计 .......................................................... 7

2.5.1 选择加工设备与工艺设备 ...................................... 7 2.5.2 选择夹具 .................................................... 7 2.5.3 选择刀具 .................................................... 7 2.5.4 选择量具 .................................................... 7 2.6 确定各工序切削用量 ................................................ 8 2.7 定位误差分析 ..................................................... 11 第3章 铣上平面夹具设计 ................................................................................................................... 13

3.1 夹具设计 ......................................................... 13

3.1.1 夹具体设计的基本要求 ....................................... 13 3.1.2 定位基准的选择 ............................................. 14 3.1.3 夹紧机构的设计 ............................................. 14 3.1.4 定向键与对刀装置设计 ....................................... 14 3.2 夹具装配图 ....................................................... 14 第4章 镗φ40和φ35孔夹具设计 ................................................................................................... 16

4.1 夹具设计 ......................................................... 16 4.2 镗床夹具特点及适应范围 ........................................... 16 4.3 镗模的设计要点 ................................................... 16

4.3.1 镗套的结构形式 ............................................. 16 4.3.2 镗杆的结构形式 ............................................. 16 4.3.3 镗模支架和底座的设计 ....................................... 16 4.4 定位基准的选择 ................................................... 17 4.5 夹紧机构的设计 ................................................... 17

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