高级英语（张汉熙）第二册 课文翻译与课后习题答案
第一课 迎战卡米尔号飓风
约瑟夫?布兰克
小约翰。柯夏克已料到，卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。就在去年8月17日那个星期天，当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时，收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。柯夏克一家居住的地方一—密西西比州的高尔夫港——肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击。路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样，不愿舍弃家园，要他下决心弃家外逃，除非等到他的一家人一—妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。
为了找出应付这场风灾的最佳对策，他与父母商量过。两位老人是早在一个月前就从加利福尼亚迁到这里来，住进柯夏克一家所住的那幢十个房间的屋子里。他还就此征求过从拉斯韦加斯开车来访的老朋友查理?希尔的意见。
约翰的全部产业就在自己家里(他开办的玛格纳制造公司是设计、研制各种教育玩具和教育用品的。公司的一切往来函件、设计图纸和工艺模具全都放在一楼)。37岁的他对飓风的威力是深有体会的。四年前，他原先拥有的位于高尔夫港以西几英里外的那个家就曾毁于贝翠号飓风(那场风灾前夕柯夏克已将全家搬到一家汽车旅馆过夜)。不过，当时那幢房子所处的地势偏低，高出海平面仅几英尺。“我们现在住的这幢房子高了23英尺，，’他对父亲说，“而且距离海边足有250码远。这幢房子是1915年建造的。至今还从未受到过飓风的袭击。我们呆在这儿恐怕是再安全不过了。”
老柯夏克67岁．是个语粗心慈的熟练机械师。他对儿子的意见表示赞同。“我们是可以严加防卫。度过难关的，”他说?“一但发现危险信号，我们还可以赶在天黑之前撤出去。” 为了对付这场飓风，几个男子汉有条不紊地做起准备工作来。自米水管道可能遭到破坏，他们把浴盆和提俑都盛满水。飓风也可能造成断电，所以他们检查r手提式收音机和手电筒里的电池以及提灯里的燃料油。约翰的父亲将一台小发电机搬到楼下门厅里．接上几个灯泡。并做好把发电机与电冰箱接通的准备。
那天下午，雨一直下个不停．乌云随着越来越猛的暴风从海湾上空席卷而来。全家早早地用r晚餐。邻居中一个丈夫去了越南的妇女跑过来。问她和她的两个孩子是否能搬进柯夏克家躲避风灾：另一个准备向内陆带转移的邻居也跑来问柯夏克家能否替他照看一下他的狗。
不到七点钟，天就黑了．，狂风暴雨拍打着屋子。约翰让大儿子和大女儿上楼去取来被褥和枕头给几个小一点的孩子。他想把全家人都集中在同一层楼上。“不要靠近窗户!”他警告说，担心在飓风巾震破的玻璃碎片会飞来伤人。风凶猛地咆哮起来?屋子开始漏雨了??那雨水好像能穿墙透壁，往屋里直灌。一家人都操起拖把、毛巾、盆罐和水桶，展l开了一场排水战。到八点半钟，电没有了。柯夏克老爹便启动了小发电机。
飓风的咆哮声压倒了一切。房子摇晃着，起居室的天花板一块块掉下来。楼上一个房问的法兰西式两用门砰地一声被风吹开了。楼下的人还听到楼上其他玻璃窗破碎时发出的劈劈啪啪的响声。积水已经漫到脚踝上了。
随后，前门开始从门框上脱落。约翰和查理用肩膀抵住¨，但一股水浪冲击过来。撞开了大门，把两人都掀倒在地板上。发电机泡在水里，电灯熄灭了。查理舔了舔嘴唇，对着约翰大喊道：“这回可真是大难临头了。这水是成的。”海水已经漫到屋子跟前?积水仍不断上涨。
“都从后门到汽车上去!”约翰提高嗓门大叫道。“我们把孩子2们一个个递过去，数一数!一共九个!”
孩子们从大人手上像救火队的水桶一样被递了过去。可是汽车不能发动了?它的点火系统被水泡坏了。水深风急。又不可能靠两只脚逃命。“回屋里去!．'约翰高声喊道。“数一数孩子们。一共九个!”
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高级英语（张汉熙）第二册 课文翻译与课后习题答案
等他们爬着回到屋里后。约翰又命令道：“都到楼梯上去!，，于是大家都跑到靠两堵内墙保护的楼梯上歇着。个个吓得要命，气喘吁吁，浑身湿透。孩子们把取名为斯普琪的一只猫和一个装着四只小猫仔的盒子放在楼梯平台上。斯普琪心神不定地打量着自己的幼仔，邻人的那条狗已蜷起身子睡着了。
狂风就像在身边呼啸而过的列车一样发出震耳的响声，房屋在地基上晃动移位。一楼的外墙坍塌了，海水渐渐地漫上了楼梯。大家沉默无语?谁都明白现在已是无路可逃．死活都只好留在崖子里了。
查理。希尔对邻家的妇女和她那两个孩子多少尽了一点责任。那妇女简直吓昏了头。她紧紧地抓住他的胳膊连声叫道：“我不会游泳，我可不会游泳啊r
“不会游泳也不要紧?”他强作镇定地安慰她道，．．一会儿便什么都过去了。”
柯夏克老奶奶伸出胳臂挽住丈夫的肩膀。把嘴凑到他的耳边说，“老爷子，我爱你。”柯老爹扭过头来也回了一句“我爱你，，一一?说话声已不像平日那样粗声粗气的厂。
约翰望着海水漫过一级一级的台阶，心里感到一阵强烈的内疚。都怪他低估了卡米尔号飓风的危险性，一直认为未曾发生过的事情决不会发生。他两手抱着头，默默地祈祷着：“啊．上帝，保佑我们度过这～难关吧!”
不一会儿，?阵强风掠过，将整个屋顶卷入空中，抛向4()英尺以外。楼梯底层的几级台阶断裂开来。有一堵墙眼看着就要倒向这群陷入进退维谷境地的男女老少。
设在弗罗里达州迈阿密的国家飓风中心主任罗伯特．H．辛普森博士将卡米尔号飓风列为“有过记载的袭击西半球有人居住地区的最猛烈的一场飓风”。在飓风中心纵横约70英里的范围内，其风速接近每小时200英里，掀起的浪头高达30英尺。海湾沿岸风过之处，所有东西都被一扫而光。19 467户人家和709家小商号不是完全被毁，便是遭到严重破坏。高尔夫港一个60万加仑的油罐被狂风刮起，摔到3．5英里以外。三艘大型货轮被刮离泊位，推上岸滩。电线杆和20英寸粗的松树一遇狂风袭击便像连珠炮似的根根断裂。
位于高尔夫港以西的帕斯克里斯琴镇几乎被夷为平地。住在该镇那座豪华的黎赛留公寓度假的几位旅客组织了一次聚会，从他们所居的有利地位观赏飓风的壮观景象，结果像是有一个其大无比的拳头把公寓打得粉碎，26人因此丧生。
柯夏克家的屋顶一被掀走，约翰就高喊道：“快上楼一一到卧室里去!数数孩子。”在倾盆大雨中，大人们围成一圈，让孩子们紧紧地挤在中间。柯夏克老奶奶哀声切切地说道：“孩子们，咱们大家来唱支歌吧!”孩子们都吓呆了，根本没一点反应。老奶奶独个儿唱了几句，然后她的声音就完全消失了。
客厅的壁炉和烟囱崩塌了下来。弄得瓦砾横飞。眼看他们栖身的那间卧室电有两面墙壁行将崩塌，约翰立即命令大伙：“进电视室去!”这是离开风头最远的一个房间。
约翰用手将妻子搂了一下。詹妮丝心里明白了他的意思。由于风雨和恐惧，她不住地发抖。她一面拉过两个孩子紧贴在自己身边，一面默祷着：亲爱的上帝啊，赐给我力量，让我经受住必须经受的一切吧。她心里怨恨这场飓风。我们一定不会让它得胜。
柯夏克老爹心中窝着一团火，深为自己在飓风面前无能为力而感到懊丧。也说不清为什么，他跑到一问卧室里去将一只杉木箱和一个双人床垫拖进了电视室。就在这里，一面墙壁被风刮倒了，提灯也被吹灭。另外又有一面墙壁在移动，在摇晃。查理.希尔试图以身子撑住它，但结果墙还是朝他这边塌了下来，把他的背部也给砸伤了。房子在颤动摇晃，已从地基上挪开了25英尺。整个世界似乎都要分崩离析了。
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高级英语（张汉熙）第二册 课文翻译与课后习题答案
“我们来把床垫竖起来!”约翰对父亲大声叫道。“把它斜靠着挡挡风。让孩子们躲到垫子下面去，我们可以用头和肩膀把垫子 大一点的孩子趴在地板上，小一点的一层层地压在大的身上，大人们都弯下身子罩住他们。地板倾斜了。装着那一窝四只小猫的盒子从架上滑下来，一下子就在风中消失了。斯普琪被从一个嵌板书柜顶上刮走而不见踪影了。那只狗紧闭着双眼，缩成一团。又一面墙壁倒塌了。水拍打着倾斜的地板。约翰抓住一扇还连在壁柜墙上的门，对他父亲大声叫道：“假若地板塌了，咱们就把孩子放到这块门板上面。”
就在这一刹那间，风势稍缓了一些，水也不再上涨了。随后水开始退落。卡米尔号飓风的中心过去了。柯夏克一家和他们的朋友都幸存下来了。
天刚破晓，高尔夫港的居民便开始陆续返回家园。他们看到了遇难者的尸体一一密西西比沿海一带就有130多名男女和儿童丧生一海滩和公路上有些地方布满了死狗死猫和死牲畜。尚未被风刮倒的树上结彩似地挂满被撕成布条的衣服，吹断的电线像黑色的实心面一样盘成一圈一圈地散在路面上。
那些从外面返回家乡的人们个个都是慢慢地走动着，也没有谁高声大叫。他们怔住了，呆立当地，不知该怎么才能接受眼前这幅使人惊骇的惨景。他们问道：“我们该怎么办??‘我们该上哪儿去呢?”
这时，该地区的一些团体，实际上还有全美国的人民，都向沿海受灾地区伸出了援助之手。天还没亮，密西西比州国民警卫队和一些民防队便开进灾区，管理交通，保护财物，建立通讯联络中心，帮助清理废墟并将无家可归的人送往难民收容中心。上午十时许，救世军的流动快餐车和红十字会志愿队及工作人员已开往所有能够到达的地方去分发热饮料、食品、衣服和卧具了。
全国各地的数百个城镇募集了数百万美元的捐款送往灾区。各种家用和医疗用品通过飞机、火车、卡车和轿车源源不断地运进灾区。联邦政府运来了440万磅食品，还运来了活动房屋，造起了活动教室，并开设了发放低息长期商业贷款的办事机构。
在此期间，卡米尔号飓风横扫密西西比州后继续北进，给弗吉尼亚州西部和南部带来了28英寸以上的暴雨，致使洪水泛滥，地塌山崩，又造成111人丧生，最后才在大西洋上空慢慢消散。
习题全解 I.
Las Vegas. Las Vegas city is the seat of Clark County in South Nevada. In 1970 it had a population of 125,787 people. Revenue from hotels, gambling, entertainment and other tourist-oriented industries forms the backbone of Las Vegas's economy, Its nightclubs and casinos are world famous. The city is also the commercial hub of a ranching and mining area. In the 19th century Las Vegas was a watering place for travelers to South California. In 1.855-1857 the Mormons maintained a fort there, and in 1864 Fort Baker was built by the U. S. army. In 1867, Las Vegas was detached from the Arizona territory and joined to Nevada. (from The New Columbia Encyclopedia ) Ⅱ.
1. He didn' t think his family was in any real danger, His former house had been demolished by Hurricane Betsy for it only stood a few feet above sea level. His present house was 23 feet above sea level and 250 yards away from the sea. He thought they would be safe here as in any place else. Besides, he had talked the matter over with his father and mother and consulted his longtime friend, Charles Hill, before making his decision to stay and face the hurricane.
2. Magna Products is the name of the firm owned by John Koshak. It designed and developed educational toys and supplies.
3. Charlie thought they were in real trouble because salty water was sea water. It showed the sea had reached the house and they were in real trouble for they might be washed into the sea by the tidal wave.
4. At this Critical moment when grandmother Koshak thought they might die at any moment, she told her husband the dearest and the most precious thing she could think of. This would help to encourage each other and enable them to face death with greater serenity.
5.John Koshak felt a crushing guilt because it was he who made the final decision to stay and face the hurricane. Now it seemed they might all die in the hurricane.
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高级英语（张汉熙）第二册 课文翻译与课后习题答案
6.Grandmother Koshak asked the children to sing because she thought this would lessen tension and boost the morale of everyone. 7.Janis knew that John was trying his best to comfort and encourage her for he too felt there was a possibility of their dying in the storm. Ⅲ.
1.This piece of narration is organized as follows. .introduction, development, climax, and conclusion. The first 6 paragraphs are introductory paragraphs, giving the time, place, and background of the conflict-man versus hurricanes. These paragraphs also introduce the characters in the story.
2. The writer focuses chiefly on action but he also clearly and sympathetically delineates the characters in the story. 3. John Koshak, Jr. , is the protagonist in the story. 4. Man and hurricanes make up the conflict.
5. The writer builds up and sustains the suspense in the story by describing in detail and vividly the incidents showing how the Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught of the hurricane.
6. The writer gives order and logical movement to the sequence of happenings by describing a series of actions in the order of their occurrence.
7. The story reaches its climax in paragraph 27.
8. I would have ended the story at the end of Paragraph 27,because the hurricane passed, the main characters survived, and the story could come to a natural end.
9. Yes, it is. Because the writer states his theme or the purpose behind his story in the reflection of Grandmother Koshak: \lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important. Ⅳ.
1. We' re 23 feet above sea level.
2. The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it. 3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out. 5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars. 6. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.
7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.
8. ()h God, please help us to get through this storm safely.
9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped. 10. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane. Ⅴ.
See the translation of the text. Ⅵ.
1. main: a principal pipe or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc. 2.sit out: stay until the end of
3.come by;(American English) pay a visit 4.blow in：burst open by the storm.
5.douse:put out(a light，fire，generator。etc。)quickly by pouring water over it 6.kill：(American English)to cause(an engine-etc．)to stop
7．swath：the space covered with one cut of a scythe;a long strip 0r track 0f any kind 8．bar：a measure in music；the notes between two vertical lines 0n a music sheet
9．1ean—to：a shed or other small outbuilding with a sloping roof．the upper end of which rests against the wall of another building
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高级英语（张汉熙）第二册 课文翻译与课后习题答案
1 0．Seabee：a member of the construction battalions of the Civil Engineer Corps of the U．S．Navy，that build harbor facilities，airfields，etc．Seabee stands for CB, short for Construction Battalion． Ⅶ．
1．destroy一词最为常见，主要强调破坏的力度之大和彻底，一般不带感情或修辞色彩。 demolish和raze通常用于巨大物体，如大型建筑物等。demolish常用引申义，指任何复合体的被毁，如demolish a theory with a few incisive comments。意即“用几句锋利的评语推翻某种理论”。而raze几乎无一例外地用于指建 筑物的被毁。annihilate在这些词中所表示的损坏程度最为强烈，字面 意思是“化为乌有”，但实际上往往用于指对人或物的严重 损伤。如说annihilate an enemy force，是指使敌军遭到重创，不仅没有还手之力。而且没有招架之功。如说annihilate one?s opponent in a debate，是指彻底驳倒对手。
2。decay常指某物自然而然地逐渐衰败腐化。如：His teeth have begun to decay．(他的牙齿开始老化变坏。) rot指有机物质，如蔬菜等因菌毒感染而腐败变质，如：rotting apples(烂了的苹果)。spoil用于非正式文体，常指食物变质。如：Fish spoils quickly in summer。(鱼在夏天极易变质。)molder用于指物体缓慢、逐步地腐朽。如：Old buildings molder away．(老房子渐渐腐烂了。)disintegrate意指把某物从整体变为碎片或一个个部分。如：rocks disintegrated by frost and rain(被霜和雨蚀裂成碎块的岩石)。decompose指将物质分解为其构成成分。如：Water call be decompose(be decomposed)into hydrogen and oxygen．(水可分解成氧和氧。)该词还可用来替代rot，使语气略显委婉。 Ⅷ.
1. television = tele + vision, a combining form \telecommunication, telecast, etc.
2. northwestward = north + west + ward or northwest + ward. \ward\meaning “in a (specific) direction or course\examples :eastward. westward. backward, upward, inward, outward, seaward, home-ward. etc.
3. motel = motorist + hotel, a blend word formed by combining parts of other words. Further examples: smog = smoke + fog. smaze = smoke + haze, brunch = breakfast + lunch, moped = motor + pedal, galumph = gallop = triumph, etc.
4. bathtub=bath + tub, a compound word formed by combining two nouns. Further examples: bathrobe, bathroom. bedroom, roommate, butterfly, dragonfly, foot ball. housekeeper, etc.
5. returnees=return + ees, a verb plus a noun forming suffix \refugee, retiree, examinee, escapee, nominee, interviewee, divorcee. IX.
1. \
2. \with the fists\
3. \
4. \ 5. \little by little. 6. \
7. \
8. \impression of how strong the wind was.
9. \and large hand.
10. \with a vivid picture of winds blowing violently.
X. Simile:
1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water
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