停车场智能化管理系统设计

摘 要

本设计基于RFID智能识别和高速的视频图像和存储比较相结合，通过计算机的图像处理和自动识别，对车辆进出停车场的收费、车牌识别和车位诱导等，以实现停车场全方位智能管理。

本设计是以AT89C51型单片机为主控芯片的智能停车场系统，主要是针对车辆诱导和车辆检测系统的设计。系统利用地感线圈对进出停车场的车辆进行检测，控制闸杆机的自动起落，并具备车位显示以及语音提示功能。该系统配合IC卡和图像监测处理装置构成一套完整的智能停车系统，从而实现大型停车场的智能化管理。

总体说该系统主要有以下特点：远距离感应读卡，无需停车，速度快，效率高；电脑管理，科学高效；简化车辆进出管理手续，而且安全可靠。

关键词：智能管理，车牌识别，车位诱导，车辆检测

I

DESIGN OF

THEPARKINGINTELLIGENTMANAGEMENTSYSTEM

ABSTRACT

This design is a type of single chip microcomputer AT89C51 as the controller chip intelligent parking system, mainly is aims at the vehicle induction and vehicle detection system. The system of pass in and out of the parking lot coils vehicle detection and control brake rod machine automatic ups and downs, and have parking display and audio function. The system with IC card and image processing device can monitor form a complete set of intelligent parking system, so as to realize intelligent management of large parking lot. In the design of the vehicle detection is the key said of design principle, and the corresponding hardware interface circuit and software programming essentials.

In general the system basically has the following characteristics: remote sensing reading card, without stopping, speed, high efficiency; The computer management, scientific and efficient; Simplify the vehicle pass in and out management procedures, and safe; System equipment less investment, construction period is short, the effect is remarkable.

This design emphasis of intelligent parking system lies in the parking places induction and vehicle detection.

KEYWORDS:Intelligent Management,Intelligent Charging, License Plate

Identification, Parking Iinduction and Vehicle Detection.

II

目 录

前言 .................................................................................................... 1 第1章绪论 ........................................................................................ 3

1.1 课题设计目的和发展趋势 ................................................... 3

1.1.1 课题研究目的及实际意义 .......................................... 3 1.1.2 智能停车场管理系统发展概况及趋势 ...................... 3 1.2 课题设计思想 ....................................................................... 4 第2章智能停车场管理系统概述 ..................................................... 5

2.1 射频技术（RFID）概述 ...................................................... 5

2.1.1 射频识别系统的构成 ................................................. 6 2.1.2 射频系统基本工作流程图 .......................................... 6 2.2 车牌识别技术 ....................................................................... 7

2.2.1 车牌自动识别系统原理 .............................................. 8 2.2.2 牌照号码、颜色识别 ................................................. 9 2.3 车位诱导和车辆检测系统概述 .......................................... 10

2.3.1 车位诱导和车位显示 ............................................... 11 2.3.2 超声波测距原理 ....................................................... 12 2.3.3 车辆检测 ................................................................... 13 2.4 小区停车计费系统概述 ..................................................... 14

2.4.1 计费系统概述 ........................................................... 14 2.4.2 计费系统的工作原理及特点 .................................... 14 2.5 进出口识别系统概述 ......................................................... 17 第3章车位诱导车辆检测系统硬件设计 ........................................ 19

3.1 停车场系统 ......................................................................... 19 3.2 系统总体原理 ..................................................................... 20

3.2.1 车辆检测 ................................................................... 20 3.2.2 车位诱导和车位显示 ............................................... 21 3.2.3 其他控制部分 ........................................................... 21

III