11. ___________ was considered as the \ 12. _________ has been called the \

13. In 1791, probably with Thomas Jefferson's support, ___________ established in

Philadelphia the National Gazette.

14. In American literature, the eighteenth century was an Age of _________ and

Revolution.

15. The Calvinist beliefs brought about the Great Awakening during the 1730s and

1740s. _________ was the most influential among the believers.

16. Jonathan Edwards' work Images or Shadows of Divine Things anticipated the nature

symbolism of___________ in the 19th century. we say Jonathan Edwards represents the upper levels of the American mind, _________ represents the lower levels. III. Make multiple choices.

1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment. _________ was the dominant spirit.

A. Humanism B. Rationalism

C. Revolution D. Evolution

2. In American literature, the Enlighteners were opposed to ________ . A. the colonial order B. religious obscurantism

C. the Puritan tradition D. the secular literature

3. The English colonies in North America rose in arms against their parent country and the Continental Congress adopted____________ in 1776. A. the Declaration of Independence B. the Sugar Act C. the Stamp Act

D. the Mayflower Compact

4. Which statement about Benjamin Franklin is not true? A. He instructed his countrymen as a printer. B. He was a scientist.

C. He was a master of diplomacy. D. He was a Puritan.

5. The secular ideals of the American Enlightenment were exemplified in the life and career of___________ .

A. Thomas Hood B. Benjamin Franklin

C. Thomas Jefferson

D. George Washington

6. Which of the following stirred the world and helped form the American republic? A. The American Crisis B. The Federalist

C. Declaration of Independence D. The Waste Land

7. Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the____________ . A. American Enlightenment B. Sugar Act

C. Chartist movement D. Romanticist

8. From 1732 to 1758, Benjamin Franklin wrote and published his famous __________ , an annal collection of proverbs.

A. The Autobiography B. Poor Richard's Almanac

C. Common Sense D. The General Magazine

9. Which is not connected with Thomas Paine? A. Common Sense B. The American Crisis

C. Pennsylvania Magazine D. The Autobiography

10. Choose the works written by Thomas Paine. A. Rights of Man B. The Age of Reason

C. Agrarian Justice D. Common Sense

E. The American Crisis

1l. The first pamphlet published in America to urge immediate independence from Britain is__________ .

A. The Rights of Man B. Common Sense

C. The American Crisis D. Declaration of Independence

12. \

Washington' s troops and did much to shore up the spirits of the revolutionary soldiers. Who is the author of these words?

A. Benjamin Franklin B. Thomas Jefferson

C. Thomas Paine D. George Washington

13. Which statement about Philip Freneau is true? A. He was a satirist. B. He was a pamphleteer.

C. He was a poet. D. He was a bitter polemicist.

14. Which poem is not written by Philip Freneau? A. The British Prison Ship B. The Wild Honey Suckle

C. The Indian Burying Ground D. The Day of Doom

15. Who was considered as the \A. Michael Wigglesworth B. Edward Taylor

C. Anne Bradstreet D. Philip Freneau

16. It was not until January 1776 that a widely heard public voice demanded complete

separation from England. The voice was that of________ , whose pamphlet Common Sense, with its heated language, increased the growing demand for separation. A. Thomas Paine B. Thomas Jefferson

C. George Washington D. Patrick Henry

17. During the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the____________ .

A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement

C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement

18. Thomas Jefferson' s attitude, that is, a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the period we now call _________ . A. Age of Evolution B. Age of Reason

C. Age of Romanticism D. Age of Regionalism

19. __________ carries the voice not of an individual but of a whole people. It is more than writing of the Revolutionary period, it defined the meaning of the American Revolution. A. Common Sense B. The American Crisis

C. Declaration of Independence D. Defence of the English People

20. Benjamin Franklin shaped his writing after the______________ of the English essayists Joseph Addison and Richard Steele.

A. Spectator Papers B. Walden

C. Nature D. The Sacred Wood

Keys to Part II.

I. Fill in the blanks

1. 1783 2. 1783

3. the General Magazine 4. Autobiography 5. revolution

6. Common Sense 7. The American crisis 8. The Rights of Man 9. Philip Freneau

10. The British Prison Ship 11. Philip Freneau 12. Philip Freneau 13. Philip Freneau 14. Reason

15. Jonathan Edwards 16. Transcendentalism 17. Benjamin Franklin III. Make multiple choices.

1. B 2. ABC

3. A 4. D 5. B 6. ABC 7. A 8. B 9. D

10. ABCDE 11. B 12. C

13. ABCD 14. D 15. D 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A

Part III. The Literature of Romanticism

I. Fill in the blanks?

1. In the early nineteenth century, Washington Irving wrote ________ which be came

the first work by an American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.

2. In 1828, __________ published his An American Dictionary of the English Lan-guage.

3. In 1755, __________ published his remarkable dictionary named Dictionary of the

English Language.

4. The Civil War of 1861—1865 ended in the defeat of the Southerners and the ab-olition of___________ .

5. The American Transcendentalists formed a club called _________ . 6. The Transcendental Club often met at____________ ' s Concord home.

7. ______ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism. 8. At nineteen___________ published in his brother' s newspaper, his \

Oldstyle\

9. In Washington Irving' s work___________ appeared the first modern short stories

and the first great American juvenile literature.

10. In Paris, Washington Irving met John Howard Payne, the American dramatist and