published as a book called____________ .

14. __________ was the first literary giant born west of the Mississippi.

15. Mark Twain's work__________ tells of the visits of an angel to the village of

Eseldorf in Austria in 1590.

16. William Sidney Porter, whose pen name was_________ , was the author of The Cop

and the Anthem.

17. Many of O. Henry's stories tell about the life of poor people in_______________ . 18. 0. Henry sympathized with the poor's lot and hated those rich who exploited and

despised them. This is especially seen in his story entitled_____________ .

19. It is said that O. Henry imitated a French author named ______________ as a

model, and there is indeed much in common between these two writers.

20. The title of one of O. Henry' s books_____________ indicates that he considered all

the people of New York City worth writing about, instead of only the upper class. 21. Henry James' first novel is___________ , which failed to make him famous.

22. The novel which was described by an American critic as \

girlhood\

23. Henry James' first important fiction was___________ , in which he took up for the

first time the theme of The American in Europe.

24. In 1881, Henry James published his novel _____________ , which is generally

considered as his masterpiece.

25. __________ is considered the founder of Psychological realism. He believed that

reality lies in the impressions made by life on the spectator.

26. The name of the heroine in The Portrait of a Lady is __________ . 27. In 1902 Jack London published his first novel____________ .

28. __________ is the novel into which Jack London put most of himself. 29. The first novel of Theodore Dreiser was____________ .

30. The identification of potency with money is at the heart of Theodore Dreiser's

masterpiece__________ .

31. The protagoniswof Theodore Dreiser's Trilogy of Desire is ______ .

32. Theodore Dreiser visited the Soviet Union in 1927 and published______________

the following year.

33. Theodore Dreiser's novel____________ , a commercial and critical failure when first

published in 1900, was reissued in 1907 and won high praise for its grim, naturalistic portrayal of American society.

34. Mark Twain' s first novel, ___________ was an artistic failure, but it gave its name

to the America of the postbellum period which it attempts to satirize.

35. Three years' life on the Mississippi left such a fond memory with Mark Twain that

he returned to the theme more than once in his writing career. His book_____ relates it in a vivid, moving way.

36. ______was Mark Twain' s masterpiece from which, as Hemingway noted, \

modern American literature comes. \

37. The best work that Mark Twain ever produced is______________ , which was a

success from its first publication in 1884, and has always been regarded as one of the great books of western literature and western civilization.

38. __________ is the pioneer who wrote in the naturalistic tradition.

39. Stephen Crane' s novel___________ relates the story of a good woman' s down fall

and destruction in a slum environment.

40. War in the novel ___________ by Stephen Crane is a plain slaughter-house. There is

nothing like valor or heroism on the battlefield, and if there is anything , it is the fear of death, cowardice, the natural instinct of man to run from danger.

41. Benjamin Frank Norris' s novel__________ has been called \

naturalistic American novel\42. Jack London's masterwork___________ is somewhat autobiographical.

43. O. Henry's___________ is a very moving story of a young couple who sell their best

possessions in order to get money for a Christmas present for each other. III. Make multiple choices.

1. In the late 19th century, a host of new writers appeared, among them were _____.

A. Bret Harte B. William Dean Howells

C. Hamlin Garland D. Mark Twain

2. Influenced by such Europeans as___________ , America's most noteworthy new authors established a literature of realism. A. Zola B. Flaubert C. Balzac D. Tolstoy

3. William Dean Howells defined realism as \treatment of material\from the following.

A. The Modem Instance B. The Rise of Silas Laphan

C. A Hazard of New Fortunes D. The Prince and the Pauper

4. Mark Twain created, in____________ , a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature. A. Huckleberry Finn B. Tom Sawyer

C. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg D. The Gilded Age

5. The pessimism and deterministic ideas of naturalism pervaded the works of such American

writers as___________ .

A. Stephen Crane B. Benjamin Frank Norris

C. Jack London D. Henry James

E. Theodore Dreiser

6. Although realism and naturalism were products of the nineteenth century, their final

triumph came in the twentieth century, with the popular and critical successes of such writers as___________ .

A. Edwin Arlington Robinson B. Willa Cather

C. Sherwood Anderson D. Robert Frost E. William Faulkner

7. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. This was _____.

A. Anne Bradstreet B. Jane Austen

C. Emily Dickinson D. Harriet Beecher

8. Choose the works written by Mark Twain. A. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

B. Innocents Abroad C. Life on the Mississippi D. The Tragedy of Pudd' nhead Wilson E. The Prince and the Pauper

9. The publication of the novel____________ stirred a great nation to its depths and hurried on a great war.

A. My Bondage and My Freedom B. Stanzas on Freedom

C. Voices of Freedom D. Uncle Tom' s Cabin

10. Mark Twain had led an active life in the very center of the American experience. He had been a____________ .

A. printer, pilot, soldier B. silver-minor, gold-washer

C. lecturer, traveler, businessman D. novelist, autobiographer

11. Which statements about O. Henry are right?

A. He wrote about the poor people.

B. His stories are usually short and humorous.

C. The plots of his stories are exceedingly clever and interesting. D. The ends of his stories are always surprising.

E. Many of his stories contain a great deal of slang and colloquial expressions.

12. Where Mark Twain and William Dean Howells satirized European manners at times, __________ was an admirer.

A. O. Henry B. Henry James

C. Walt Whitman D. Jack London

13. Choose the well-known short stories written by William Sidney Porter. A. The Gift of the Magi B. An Unfinished Story

C. The Furnished Room D. The Voice of the City E. The Cop and the Anthem

14. Choose the novels written by Henry James. A. The American B. Daisy Miller

C. The Portrait of a Lady D. The Tragic Muse E. The Golden Bowl

15. Choose the novel which is not written by Henry James. A. The Ambassadors B. The Wings of the Dove

C. The Bostonians D. The Princess Casamassima E. The Mysterious Stranger

14. Jack London' s sincere intellectual and personal involvement in the socialist movement is recorded in such novels and polemical works as_____________ . A. The People of the Abyss B. The Iron Heel

C. Revolution D. The War of the Classes

17. While embracing the socialism of Marx, London also believed in the triumph of the strongest individuals. This contradiction is most vividly projected in the patently autobiographical novel___________ .

A. The Call of the Wild B. The Sea Wolf

C. Martin Eden D. The Iron Heel

18. In 1900, London published his first collection of short stories, named___________ A. The Son of the Wolf B. The Sea Wolf

C. The Law of Life D. White Fang

19. Dreiser's Trilogy of Desire includes three novels. Find them from the following. A. The Financier B. The Titan

C. The Genius D. The Stoic

E. Jannie Gerhardt

20. \novel___________ .

A. An American Tragedy B. Sister Carrie

C. Dreiser Looks at Russia D. Jannie Gerhardt

21. The main theme of___________ The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo that representation of life should be the main object of the novel. A. Henry James' B. William Dean Howells'

C. Mark Twain's D. O. Henry's

22. With William Dean Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century. A. sentimentalism B. romanticism

C. realism D. naturalism

23. Choose the three staunch advocates of nineteenth-century American realism. A. Mark Twain B. Henry James

C. William Dean Howells D. Jack London