一、 重点语法 （一） 一般将来时

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间连用。 本时态标志词：

1.含tomorrow; next week/month/year; in the future; in 2020； 2.in+ 一段时间 ； 3.how soon；

4.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do

5.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时 表示将来时的常见句式：

1.用be doing表示将来：主要是表示按计划，安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置移动的动词；如come ,go, leave, arrive, fly, move, start, 等，也可以用其他动词。 I'm doing my homework tomorrow.

2.be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。 如： He is going to write a letter tonight.

3.be going to 表示 已有迹象表明即将发生的某种情况。 Look at the clouds. It's going to rain.

4.在有条件从句的主句中，多用will, 如：

例 Be quick, or you will be late. = If you don’t be quick, you will be late. 练习

( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working

C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work

( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be

( ) 5. –_____ you ______ free tomorrow? – No. I _____ free the day after

tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give

( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不，不要。）

A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.

( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ it for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

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A. have B. will have C. had D. would have

（二） 过去进行时 结构：

句型 主语+ was/were +V-ing… 否定句 主语+ was/were+not +V-ing… 一般疑问句 was/were+主语+V-ing…

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。 标志性词语：

1. at that time/moment

2. (at) this time yesterday(last night/sunday...) 3. at +点钟+Yesterday(last night/ Sunday...) 4. when , while 引导的时间状语从句

例：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening. 昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。

When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen.

今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。 练习

1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding

C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.

A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked 3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.

A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked

C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space.

A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared

5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 6.---Hey, look where you are going! ---Oh, I ' m terribly sorry.________.

A. I ' m not noticing B. I wasn ' t noticing C. I haven ' t noticed D. I don ' t notice

7. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it. A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel 8. I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.

A. had B. had been having

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C. have been having D. was having 9.When I arrived at his office, he ___ on the phone. A. was speaking B. spoke C. had been speaking D. had spoken 10. “ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ”

“ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I ___ of my friends back home. ” A. just thought B. have just been thinking

C. was just thinking D. have just thought

（三） If 的用法

if 引导的条件状语从句。If是连词，所连接的句子叫条件状语从句，表示假设或条件，意思是 “ 如果……的话”，用法如下：

表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。 句子结构如下： If +句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/shall/may/can) +动词原形）(不能用be going to)

a. If you finish your homework, you can go out and play. b. If I have enough money next year, I will go to travel.

注意：宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句中的区别。宾语从句中的if “是否”相当 于whether，引导宾语从句，时态根据句意来确定。

I don't know if (是否）it will rain tomorrow. If（如果） it rains, I will stay at home. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。如果下雨，我将呆在家里在。

（四） 现在完成进行时

表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，有可能一直延续下去的动作。常与for, since,how long,these days等表示一段时间的状语连用。 现在完成进行式结构：

肯定句： 主语+have / has +been+ doing/ 否定句： 主语+have / has +not+been+ doing 一般疑问句：Have / Has +主语+been+ doing/ 1．I have been writing the letter since then. 从那时起我一直在写这封信。（动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续） 2．I have been collecting stamps for ten years.

自从10年前我就收集邮票了（动作从过去一直现在还在收集）。 3．How long have you been living here? 你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。（“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续） 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：

1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性：

2如果没有时间强调，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行，现在完成时则表示动作已经结束，

3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词，而现在完成时则可 练习

1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He ________

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