重庆市2019高考英语阅读理解选编（98）（附解析）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

“America’s No.1 Health Problem.” So reads the headline of an article published by the American Institute of Stress that claims the biggest threat to health today is neither cancer nor AIDS. The report says： “It has been estimated（估计）that 75 to 90 percent of all visits to primary care physicians are for stress related problems.”

It is no exaggeration（夸张）to say that people today are being attacked by stress. According to the National Consumers League, “Work is the top source of stress for adults who have problems and stress in their lives (39%), followed by family (30%). Other sources include health (10%), concern about the economy (9%) and concern about international conflict and terrorism (4%).”

However, stress is hardly unique to the United States. A British survey in 2005 estimated that “over half a million individuals in Britain believed in 2004 that they were experiencing work-related stress at a level that was making them ill.” As a result of “work-related stress, depression or anxiety,” there are “an estimated thirteen and a half million reported lost working days per year in Britain.” The picture is no less bleak in mainland Europe. According to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, “work-related stress has been shown to affect millions of European workers across all types of employment sectors.” One survey revealed that there are “about 41 million workers affected by work-related stress each year.” What about Asia? A report issued by a conference held in Tokyo concluded： “Job stress is a common concern among many countries in the world, both developing and industrialized countries.” The report observed that “several countries in East Asia, including China and Korea, have rapidly industrialized and economically grown. These countries now have a lot of concerns on job stress and its harmful effects on workers’ health.”

1. The author quoted “America’s No.1 Health Problem.” (Para. 1) in order to ______.

A. talk about health problems in America B. introduce the topic of stress C. emphasize the stress in America

D. tell readers something about American Institute of Stress

答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。本文的内容是为了揭示世界上人们的工作压力非常大，对健康造成了威胁，所以作者在开头使用“America’s No.1 Health Problem”是为了引入压力的话题，故答案为B。

2. From the passage we can learn that .

A. both cancer and AIDS are not as serious as the threat of stress to health B. stress is mainly from working and living pressure

C. Americans never care about international conflict and terrorism D. people in mainland Europe are more optimistic than English people

答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第二段 “Work is the top source of stress for adults who have problems and stress in their lives (39%), followed by family (30%). Other sources include health (10%), concern about the economy (9%) and concern about international conflict and terrorism (4%).” 可知，工作和家庭生活中的压力比重最大，故B选项准确，C选项错误。

由第一段 “America’s No.1 Health Problem.” So reads the headline of an article published by the American Institute of Stress that claims the biggest threat to health today is neither cancer nor AIDS.”可知，癌症和艾滋病没有压力带给健康的威胁那么严重的情况是在美国，不具有普遍性，故A选项错误。第三段揭示了英国人的工作压力非常大，第四段的首句理解是关键 “The picture is no less bleak in mainland Europe.” 意为“欧洲大陆的情况依旧不容乐观”，故D选项错误。

3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______. A. Asian people are more willing to develop their countries B. the rapid economic development is the main reason for stress

C. some people in Asian countries have health problems from employment stress D. Asian countries have a better situation of stress than Europe

答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。最后一段揭示了亚洲的压力情况，由该段的最后一句话 “These countries now have a lot of concerns on job stress and its harmful effects

on workers’ health.” 可知，一些亚洲国家的工作压力也影响了人们的健康，故C选项准确，B选项错误，经济发展不是压力的主要原因，压力来自工作。A、D选项未提，均不选。 4. What’s the main subject of the passage? A. Stress attacking health. C. A survey on working stress.

B. How to deal with stress.

D. Health problems around the world.

答案解析：答案为A。本题考查文章的主题。全文揭示了在美国，欧洲，亚洲人们的工作压力对健康造成了威胁，故答案为A。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2019·长春模拟)

While tofu is a household name in Asia, it has still not been completely accepted into the Western kitchen. When it arrived in the West, tofu found itself sitting alone in the food playground, ignored by the other kids. And when tofu did make friends, it was only with the open-minded, peace-loving vegetarians sometimes referred to as“hippies”.

Why is it that such a staple(主要的)ingredient in the East

has been subject to(遭受)such discrimination in the West? Well, tofu quite literally(简直)missed the boat. Tofu originated in China some 2, 000 years ago. But when the Europeans first arrived in China they ignored it. While rice was embraced with open arms and brought home with popular acclaim(称赞), tofu followed later and with much less success.

Growing up in Australia I only had a vague notion of what tofu was. It was just last year, when I lived in the Dutch town of Maastricht, that we were really introduced. In that town, lots of students choose to live in“squats”—old run-down factories rented out for very cheap prices. One of these squats holds a“Vegan Dinner”every Monday. In the dishes served there, tofu was a staple and I found that I quite liked it!

Slowly but surely tofu is becoming accepted into mainstream Western cooking circles.