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全新版大学英语综合教程4（第二版）习题答案

Unit 1

Vocabulary I.

1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of 3) stroke 4) limp 5) minus 6) regions 7) declarations 8) siege

9) raw 10) bide his time 11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of

2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on 5) get by 6) dine out 7) have cut back 8) get through 3. 1) lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future

2) has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers’ strike

3) will/should never get in the way of her career 4) caught the foreign minister off guard

5) of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete 4. 1) Being faced with … the occupation of … regions

2) crucial to … efficient … to reckon with … weaken … be brought to a halt 3) a heroic … the decisive … turned the tide … siege … by launching II. More Synonyms in Context

1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.

2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.

3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.

4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather. III. Usage 1) fall ill

2) lay dead at home for two weeks 3) dropped dead from a heart attack 4) fell asleep.

5) marrying young

6) to sit still for longer than a few minutes Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze

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1. 1) invasion 2) stand in the way

3) Conquest 4) catching ... off his guard 5) launching 6) declaration 7) campaign 8) drag on

9) reckon with 10) bringing ... to a halt 2. 1) allow 2) reckoned 3) highly 4) forecasts 5) rapidly 6) instant 7) delivery 8) advantage 9) observing 10) powerful II. Translation

1. 1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.

2) We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.

3) Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.

4) Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment. 5) Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.

2. The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. By a stroke of luck, thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marshland freeze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.

Unit 2

Vocabulary I.

1. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic

9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in 12) approximately 2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on 5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into 3. 1) incorporates all the latest safety features 2) two trees ten feet apart

3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm

4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars 5) are correlated in all racial groups

4. 1) the application … remote … has turned into a reality … are poised to 2) that vibrate … can detect … frequency

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3) lanes … are mounted in … alert a … hazard II. Word Formation

Clipped Words Blends

kilo kilogram Medicare medical care memo memorandum email electronic mail

gym gymnasium comsat communications satellite lib liberation newscast news broadcast doc doctor skyjack sky hijack

vet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollar prep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunch auto automobile telecast television broadcast flu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and Cambridge III. Usage

1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English 4. disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6. Canned foods 7. working population 8. puzzling differences Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze

1. 1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5) hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor

2. 1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled

5) opportunities 6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities II. Translation

1. 1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.

2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.

3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.

4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently.

5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.

2. Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic

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Unit 3

Language Sense Enhancement

1. (1) checked with (2) interview (3) grill (4) clippings

(5) be right for (6) follow up (7) indicating (8) hand-delivered (9) prepared (10) prospective Vocabulary I.

1. 1) rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling 7) measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations 10) sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner 2. 1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up 3. 1) grilled her about where she had been all night

2) beyond Cinderella's wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King’s palace

3) will be in readers’ hands soon

4) do your homework before going on an interview 5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars 4. 1) applicants … veteran … the prospective

2) From his standpoint … has made every endeavor to go after 3) as the saying goes … to have a crack at … barely II. Words with Multiple Meanings

1. behave 2. keep (used to avoid repetition) 3. clean 4. get along 5. perform/complete 6. perform/complete 7. study 8. be enough 9. be acceptable III. Usage

1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, I’ll talk about myself first.

2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you.

3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?

4. I’m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.

5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?

6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.

Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze

1. 1) prospective 2) As I see it 3) done your homework 4) beforehand 5) endeavor 6) structure

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7) partners 8) Respond 9) take a crack

10) from the standpoint (11) make a difference 12) follow up 2. 1) encouraging 2) inquiry 3) relevant 4) samples 5) references 6) advice 7) preparing 8) seriously 9) probably 10) exhibit II. Translation

1. 1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.

2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.

3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.

4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.

5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.

2. Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success.

I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don't have much of a chance of success.

Unit 4

Vocabulary

I.

1. 1) advantageous 2) let alone 3) witnessing … vanishing 4) landmark 5) entitled 6) displace

7) Establishment 8) patriotic … strengthen 9) contradictions 10) aspires 11) divorced 12) pendulums 2. 1) come to 2) dozed off 3) believed in 4) was set apart 5) take in 6) sucks in 7) clean up 8) turn away

3. 1) makes no / little difference whether we go there by train or by bus 2) overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest car maker 3) at odds with his wife over money matters

4) been at the forefront of nanotechnology research