第二课 免病学题库(有答案) 下载本文

E.大多G+菌产生

38.关于荚膜,下述错误的是 ··················································· ( B ) A.是细菌的特殊结构 C.与毒力有关

E.细菌失去荚膜毒力减弱

39.G+菌细胞壁特有成分是 ······················································ ( D ) B.是一种外毒素 D.能抵抗吞噬

A.多糖 B.粘肽 C.脂蛋白 D.磷壁酸

E.蛋白质

40.食品的低温保存是 ···························································· ( A.消毒 B.防腐 C.灭菌 D.无菌

E.以上都不是

41.与细菌致病作用有关的代谢产物是 ······································· ( A.维生素 B.热原质 C.色素 D.细菌素

E.抗生素

42.红霉素的抗菌原理是 ························································· ( A.破坏细菌的核酸 B.使菌体蛋白脱水变性 C.抑制细胞壁合成 D.使细胞水肿裂解

E.抑制蛋白质合成

43.大肠埃希菌引起的尿路感染是因为 ······································· ( A.长期使用广谱抗生素 B.多种细菌交叉感染 C.两种细菌重复感染 D.细菌寄居部位改变

E.机体抵抗力降低

44.病原菌侵入血流,大量繁殖,引起明显临床症状称为 ··············· ( A.败血症 B.菌血症 C.脓毒血症 D.毒血症

E.病毒血症

45.G-菌的热原质是细胞壁中的 ················································ (

6

B ) B ) E ) D ) A ) D )

A.脂蛋白 C.磷脂 E.类脂

B.粘肽 D.脂多糖

46.关于菌毛、错误的是 ························································· ( E ) A.较鞭毛短而细 B.成分为蛋白质 C.性菌毛能传递耐药基因 D.能吸附上皮细胞

E.有菌毛的细菌致病力弱

47.利用干烤法灭菌的最适温度,时间为 ···································· ( A.56℃,30分钟 B.100℃,30分钟 C.100℃,2小时 D.160~170℃,2小时

E.140~150℃,2小时

48.细菌的繁殖方式为 ···························································· ( A.无性二分裂 B.有性二分裂 C.二分裂 D.复制方式

E.出芽方式

49.能产生外毒素的病原体有 ··················································· ( A.G—菌

B.G+菌 C. G+菌和部分G—菌 D. G—菌与病毒

E. G+菌与螺旋体

50.内毒素的主要毒性成份为 ··················································· ( A.类脂 B.类脂A C.核心低聚糖 D.特异性多糖

E.蛋白质

51.乙醇杀菌力最强的浓度为 ··················································· ( A.100% B.95% C.80% D.70~75%

E.65%

52.受体菌直接摄入供体菌游离的DNA称 ·································· ( A.接合 B.转化 C.转导

D.溶原性转化

7

D ) A ) C ) B ) D ) B ) E.基因突变

53.维持细菌固有外形的结构是 ················································ ( A ) A.细胞壁 C.细胞质 E.荚膜

54.在普通光学显微镜下不能见到的细菌特殊结构是 ····················· ( D ) B.细胞膜 D.中介体

A.荚膜 B.芽胞 C.鞭毛 D.菌毛

E.异染颗粒

55.细菌中一种染色体外的遗传物质是 ······································· ( A.质粒 B.核质 C.中介体 D.核蛋白体

E.异染颗粒

56.供体菌的质粒转入受体菌的方式为 ······································· ( A.溶原性转换 B.转化 C.转导 D.接合

E.基因突变

57.与细菌耐药性有关的遗传物质是 ·········································· ( A.质粒 B.细菌核糖体 C.性菌毛 D.毒性噬菌体

E.异染颗粒

58.细菌毒力的强弱取决于 ······················································ ( A.机体抵抗力的大小 B.细菌侵袭力及细菌毒素 C.细菌侵入机体的部位 D.细菌侵入机体的数量

E.细菌能否产生芽胞

59.血清最好的除菌方法是 ······················································ ( A.巴氏消毒法 B.煮沸法 C.高压蒸气灭菌法 D.紫外线照射法

E.滤过除菌法

60.下列物质中不是细菌合成代谢产物的是 ································· (

8

A ) D ) A ) B ) E ) D )

A.色素 C.热原质 E.抗生素

B.细菌素 D.抗毒素

61芽胞与细菌有关的特性是. ·················································· ( C ) A.抗吞噬 B.产生毒素 C.耐热 D.粘附于感染部位

E.侵袭力

62.细菌细胞壁的基础成份是 ··················································· ( A.多糖 B.肽聚糖 C.磷壁酸 D.脂蛋白 E.脂多糖

63.紫外线的杀菌机理是 ························································· ( A.破坏DNA构型 B.破坏酶系统 C.破坏菌体蛋白 D.干扰蛋白质合成 E.裂解肽聚糖

64.G+与G-细菌的肽聚糖结构的主要区别在于 ····························· ( A.聚糖骨架 B.四肽侧链 C.五肽交联桥

D.β-1,4连苷键 E.N-乙酰葡萄糖胺与N-乙酰胞壁酸的排列顺序

65.判断彻底灭菌的依据是 ······················································ ( A.细菌繁殖体被完全消灭 B.细菌菌毛蛋白变性 C.芽胞被完全消灭 D.鞭毛蛋白被破坏

E.细菌的荚膜被破坏

66.防止或抑制微生物生长繁殖的方法称为 ································· ( A.消毒 B.灭菌 C.无菌 D.防腐

E.无菌操作

67.与动物细胞结构相比较,细菌所特有的一种重要结构是 ············ ( A.核蛋白体(核糖体) B.线粒体 C.高尔基体

D.细胞膜

9

B ) A ) C ) C ) D ) E ) E.细胞壁

68.与细菌运动有关的结构是 ··················································· ( A ) A.鞭毛 C.纤毛 E.轴丝

69.细菌经革兰染色后,如果为阴性,其着色应是 ························ ( A ) B.菌毛 D.荚膜

A.红色 B.蓝色 C.深紫色 D.蓝紫色

E.绿色

70.与细菌粘附于粘膜的能力有关的结构是 ································· ( A.菌毛 B.荚膜 C.中介体 D.胞浆膜

E.鞭毛

71.与芽胞的耐热性无关的因素是 ············································· ( A.位于菌体的一端 B.含水量少 C.有多层致密结构 D.有耐热酶

E.芽胞壁厚

72.细菌所具有的细胞器是 ······················································ ( A.高尔基体 B.内质网 C.纺锤体 D.线粒体

E.核蛋白体

73.与致病相关的细菌结构是 ··················································· ( A.中介体 B.质粒 C.异染颗粒 D.芽胞

E.荚膜

74.经革兰染色为深紫色(即阳性)的微生物是 ··························· ( A.支原体 B.链球菌 C.淋病奈氏菌 D.衣原体

E.脑膜炎奈氏菌

75.细菌缺少下列某种成分或结构仍能生存,这种成分或结构是 ······ (

10

A ) A ) E ) E ) B ) A )