149.不属于细菌性侵袭物质的是 ··············································· ( A ) A.破伤风痉挛毒素 C.葡萄球菌血浆凝固酶 E.痢疾志贺菌菌毛
150.不是链球菌引起的疾病是 ·················································· ( C ) B. 肺炎链球菌荚膜 D.溶血性链球菌M蛋白
A.猩红热 B. 风湿热 C.假膜性肠炎 D.产褥热
E.肾小球肾炎
151.霍乱弧菌致病主要物质是 ·················································· ( A.外毒素 B. 内毒素 C.菌毛 D.侵袭性酶
E.以上均可
152.有芽胞的细菌是 ······························································ ( A.绿脓杆菌 B. 破伤风梭菌 C.霍乱弧菌 D.伤寒沙门菌
E.变形杆菌
153.抗“O”试验可辅助诊断的疾病是 ······································ ( A.伤寒 B. 副伤寒 C.风湿热 D.伪膜性肠炎
E.百日咳
154.感染后以细胞免疫为主的细菌是 ········································ ( A.脑膜炎奈瑟菌 B. 霍乱弧菌 C.破伤风梭菌 D.链球菌
E.结核分枝杆菌
155.不属于葡萄球菌引起的疾病是············································ ( A.疖 B.食物中毒 C.脓毒血症 D.风湿热
E.痈
156.痢疾志贺菌致病首要因素是 ··············································· ( A.菌毛
B. 肠毒素
21
A ) B ) C ) E ) D ) A ) C.细菌素 E.内毒素
D.酶类
157.下列细菌不形或芽胞的是 ·················································· ( B ) A.破伤风梭菌 C.炭疽杆菌 E.枯草杆菌
158.金黄色葡萄球菌的肠毒素是 ··············································· ( A ) B. 白喉棒状杆菌 D.肉毒梭菌
A.外毒素 B. 内毒素 C.细菌素 D.抗生素
E.抗毒素
159.能产生外毒素的细菌是 ····················································· ( A.伤寒沙门菌 B. 破伤风梭菌 C.脑膜炎奈瑟菌 D.结核分枝杆菌
E.麻风分枝杆菌
160.检查饮水或食品被粪便污染的卫生学指标是 ························· ( A.伤寒沙门菌数 B. 大肠菌群数 C.痢疾志贺菌数 D.类杆菌数
E.葡萄球菌数
161.有关霍乱弧菌下述错误的是 ··············································· ( A.呈弧状或逗点状 B. 属G-菌
C.对酸敏感 D.致病因素主要是内毒素
E.嗜碱性
162.G+矛头状,成双,有荚膜的球菌可能为 ······························· ( A.葡萄球菌 B. 肺炎链球菌 C.乙型链球菌 D.脑膜炎奈瑟菌
E.淋病奈瑟菌
163.破伤风梭菌感染可引起 ····················································· ( A.菌血症 B. 毒血症 C.败血症 D.脓毒血症
E.以上都不是
22
B ) B ) D ) B ) B ) 164.抗“O”试验,可用来诊断 ··············································· ( C ) A.链球菌引起的化脓性感染 C.风湿热 E.以上都不是
165.葡萄球菌不会引起 ··························································· ( E ) B. 猩红热 D.伤寒、副伤寒
A.毛囊炎 B. 疖 C.脓胸 D.脓毒血症
E.风湿热
166.我国卫生部规定,每毫升饮水细菌总数为 ···························· ( A.<3个 B. <100个 C.<300个 D.<500个
E.<1000个
167.创伤后预防破伤风下列措施最正确的是 ······························· ( A.注射破伤风类毒素 B. 注射TAT C.清创
D.清创+注射TAT
E.注射TAT+注射青霉素
168.下列对湿热抵抗力最弱的细菌是 ········································ ( A.葡萄球菌 B. 大肠埃希菌 C.霍乱弧菌 D.破伤风梭菌
E.结核分枝杆菌
169.能引起亚急性细菌性心内膜炎最常见的病原菌是 ··················· ( A.甲型溶血性链球菌 B. 乙型溶血性链球菌 C.金黄色葡萄球菌 D.肺炎链球菌
E.淋病奈氏菌
170.关于脑膜炎奈氏菌的生物学性状,下列哪项是错误的 ············· ( A.为革兰阴性双球菌 B. 对低温耐受力强 C.对青霉素敏感 D.营养要求较高
E.对常用消毒剂敏感
171.下列细菌在培养基中生长最缓慢的是 ·································· ( A.白喉棒状杆菌
B. 铜绿假单胞菌
23
B ) D ) E ) A ) B ) D ) C.放线菌 E.副溶血弧菌
D.结核分枝杆菌
172.无芽胞厌氧菌正常寄居的部位不包括 ·································· ( D ) A.阴道 C.肠道 E.上呼吸道
173.目前已知的细菌毒素中毒性最强的是 ·································· ( E ) B. 口腔 D.腹腔
A.破伤风痉挛毒素 B. 金葡菌肠毒素 C.霍乱肠毒素 D.志贺毒素
E.肉毒毒素
174.具有异染颗粒的细菌是 ····················································· ( A.布氏杆菌 B. 破伤风梭菌 C.白喉棒状杆菌 D.结核分枝杆菌
E.脑膜炎奈氏菌
175.鼠疫杆菌的传播媒介是 ····················································· ( A.鼠蚤 B. 鼠虱 C.恙螨 D.蚊
E.蜱
176.与立克次体有共同抗原成分的细菌是 ·································· ( A.痢疾志贺菌 B. 大肠埃希菌 C.铜绿假单胞菌 D.变形杆菌
E.链球菌
177.下列耐酸耐碱的细菌是 ····················································· ( A.霍乱弧菌 B. 金黄色葡萄球菌 C.大肠埃希菌 D.结核分枝杆菌
E.甲型溶血性链球菌
178.用1%硝酸银给新生儿滴眼是为了预防哪种细菌感染 ·············· ( A.结核分枝杆菌 B. 铜绿假单胞菌 C.葡萄球菌 D.淋病奈瑟菌
E.痢疾杆菌
24
C ) A ) D ) D ) D ) 179在脑脊液的中性粒细胞中找到G-双球菌,首先应考虑 ············· ( D ) A.隐球菌性脑膜炎 C.乙脑 E.淋病
180下列适于用抗酸染色法染色检查的细菌是. ···························· ( B ) A.白喉棒状杆菌 C.铜绿假单胞菌 E.福氏志贺菌
181.不能引起内源性感染的微生物是 ········································ ( A ) A.破伤风梭菌 C.甲型溶血性链球菌 E.脆弱类杆菌
182.下列细菌无鞭毛的是 ························································ ( C ) A.霍乱弧菌 C.痢疾志贺菌 E.大肠埃希菌
B. 变形杆菌 D.伤寒沙门菌 B. 金黄色葡萄球菌 D.大肠埃希菌 B. 结核分枝杆菌 D.金黄色葡萄球菌 B. 结核性脑膜炎 D.流脑
二、多项选择题
1.细菌外毒素的性质是 ··························································· (ABDE ) A.大多为G+菌产生 B.对组织有选择性 C.细菌崩解后释放 D.毒性强 E.经甲醛脱毒可制成类毒素
2.没有正常菌群寄居的部位是 ·················································· ( CD ) A.肠道
B.皮肤 C.血液
D.肝脏 E.口腔
3.细菌的特殊结构包括 ··························································· ( ABCDE ) A.荚膜
B.芽胞 C.鞭毛
D.普通菌毛 E.性菌毛
4.与细菌耐药性变异有关的细菌结构有 ····································· ( DE ) A.荚膜
B.核糖体 C.芽胞
D.质粒 E.性菌毛
25