sucker-punching (意外打击) us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
28. Why was star athlete trapped by self-blame? A. She broke down during the match. B. She didn’t try her best in the match.
C. She thought she should have practiced harder. D. She believed hard work should pay off. 29. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?
A. Unhealthy perfectionism causes physical and emotional stress. B. Praising children for effort increases academic performance. C. Children struggle with failure due to parents’ over-protection. D. Lack of motivation and perseverance leads to teens’ failure. 30. According to the author, adults should _________.
A. help students learn from failure B. protect students from discomfort
C. reward students for their hard work D. explore the cause of students’ failure 31. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A. Perseverance equals achievement. B. Motivation is the key to success. C. Success is not always under control. D. Effort is more important than ability.
D
The belief that carbon emissions (排放) caused by human activities are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn’t back it up.
According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), the world’s volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by today’s human activities. Another indication that human emissions surpass(超过) those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes—one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”
Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt. St. Helens in 1980 and Mt.Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide (SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere(平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth’s atmosphere.SO2, which converts to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place.
Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines’ Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 1991-1993study period.
In an interesting twist on the issue, British researchers last year published an article in the peer-reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continents ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-caused emissions erode them from above. 32. According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that ____________. A. their opinion is supported by science
B. carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing C. human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases D. volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases
33. What does the underlined word “spikes” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Smooth trends. B. Sudden increases. C. Stable regularities. D. Sharp declines.
34. What do the scientists mentioned in this passage believe about volcanic eruptions? A. They brought about global warming.
B. They melted the ice sheets in Antarctic from above. C. They actually partly cooled the surface of the Earth. D. They dominated human emissions in greenhouse effect. 35. The purpose of the passage is to __________. A. compare the results of the studies B. contradict a view held by some people C. present a method of scientific researches
D. report the melting of the ice sheets in Antarctica. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 When it comes to financial education, the majority of today’s youth will regard it as a necessity for certain specific people who want to make their career in the financial world. ___36___ Actually, elementary financial education is a must for all, as money transaction is an essential part of our day-to-day life.
Suppose you have $100 in a savings account that pays simple interest at the rate of 2% per year. If you leave the money in the account, how much will you have accumulated after 5 years: more than $102, exactly $102, or less than $102? The test might look simple, but only half of the people surveyed gave the correct answer.
___37___The explanation goes as follows: People with low levels of financial literacy suffer from that lack of knowledge at every stage of their lives. Researchers on this subject say people with a high degree of financial literacy are more likely to plan for their retirement. ___38___
On the contrary, people who have a lower degree of financial literacy tend to borrow more, accumulate less wealth, and pay more in fees related financial products. They are less likely to invest, more likely to experience difficulty with debt, and less likely to know the terms of their mortgages(按揭) and other loans. Thus, the cost of this financial ignorance is very high. ___39___ What is the solution? ___40___ like reading and math, financial education must become part of the core curriculum in our schools. Likewise, parents should engage in regular, constructive conversations about money matters. This will give their kids a solid foundation for financial
well-being, which will keep on giving returns throughout the course of their lives. A. Why does each of us have to face a financial challenge?
B. For example, they frequently make late credit card payments, overspend their credit limit, etc. C. Financial education must start early.
D. Rich people are generally better educated on financial management. E. Why does financial literacy matter so much in our society? F. However, they miss an important point.
G. Besides, these people have more than double the wealth of people who don’t. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The structure in organizations has changed. It has transformed from a boss to a leader being at the top and from method directing to cooperation, __41__ how many of us have actually made this __42__ within ourselves?
Let’s not get personal about any person or connect this to any __43__ organization. Consider the __44__ pattern on a social media website such as LinkedIn. We often see good articles written by junior-level employee’s which__45__ new enthusiasm and new perspectives, but how many senior-level __46__ go and “Like” the article? Not__47__ read it, but actually “Like” it. More often than not, the answer is none. Leaders read such articles, but they__48__ to press the “Like” button due to some fear!
A friend of mine, who holds the __49__ of Director of Human Resources in a reputed organization, happen to mention an article that his team member had written. I casually enquired __50__ the absence of a “Like” or comment from him. His answer really __51__ me! He said, “You know what my __52__ is? I cannot be commenting or liking his article in public!” Amazed by this behavior, I did my research on this pattern on a few social media platforms. Yes, people want to “Like” or comment on articles and photos that are published by people with a(n) __53__ level and do so as well.
While we are __54__ the “Like” button on a junior-level employee’s one-year anniversary, we jump to be one in a few hundreds to offer __55__ on a senior-level leader’s one-year completion. However, I think our precious “Like” for the employee __56__ a lot and encourages him, while, on the other hand, it is __57__ many hundreds and is not __58__ noticed by the leader. Encourage new talents and __59__ them. If we do not exhibit this socially, I am sure we will not __60__ it in our job either.
41. A. while B. yet C. otherwise D. so
42. A. cooperation B. organization C. transformation D. method 43. A. specific B. unusual C. common D. ordinary 44. A. online B. behavioral C. personal D. popular 45. A. contain B. lack C. oppose D. promote 46. A. bosses B. employees C. readers D. leaders 47. A. thoroughly B. merely C. precisely D. roughly 48. A. hope B. regret C. stop D. hesitate 49. A. post B. faith C. name D. honor
50. A. in need of B. for lack of C. with regard to D. on account of
51. A. dissatisfied B. annoyed C. astonished D. confused 52. A. team B. level C. habit D. reputation
53. A. junior B. average C. different D. superior
54. A. skipping B. considering C. missing D. pressing
55. A. remarks B. opinions C. congratulations D. suggestions 56. A. means B. proves C. requires D. changes
57. A. buried in B. judged by C. replaced by D. intended for 58. A. still B. ever C. just D. even
59. A. observe B. demand C. motivate D. know 60. A. notice B. show C. like D. represent 第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第二节（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments. Its function varies widely___61___ (depend) on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place ___62___ people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It ___63___ (consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people’s leisure life.
Chinese teahouses enjoy a long-standing history. They developed from tea stands in the Western Jin Dynasty,___64___ (take) shape in the Tang Dynasty, developed gradually in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties and became booming in modern times.
In the Song Dynasty, teahouses existed all over cities and villages, at a rate comparable with ___65___ of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses ___66___ paintings of celebrities and rare and precious plants ___67___ (attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, ___68___ number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining more popularity and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation of Western culture forces traditional Chinese teahouses to take on a new look. After reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the economy and ___69___ (evidence) improvement of people’s living ___70___ (standard), teahouses flowered in China. 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
No body language can be attractive than smiling. Not only can a beautiful smile make us happy, but also it enables others to feel delightful. Sometimes a smile is too powerful that it gives people suffered from disasters great courage.
A little boy named Lang Zheng, for instance, impressed and encouraged a plenty of people when a serious earthquake happened in Wen Chuan. Right after he is rescued by the soldiers from the ruin, he saluted and smiled to them. Her smile was like sunshine, that warmed people who