定语从句精讲精练——介词+关系代词引导
的定语从句
第一部分 精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
【知识点1】
直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。
【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.
【例】The service which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant I borrowed some books. 【例】It is a famous school he graduated 3 years ago. 【例】The chair he is sitting now is made of wood. 【知识点2】
直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。
【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.
【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago. 【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood. 【知识点3】
关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。 【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago. =This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club? =Do you remember the day _______you joined our club? 【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so. =I don’t know the reason ________ he said so. 【知识点4】
有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：
【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30. 【知识点5】
注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。
【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, sit three students. 【知识点6】
不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词 结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。
【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English. 【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（= ）was read to me by my father
【例】She has two sons, ___________（=of whom neither）is a teacher. 【例】She has many books, none of which( ) is interesting. 【知识点7】
关系代词whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。 【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which the windows are all broken. = I live in a room the windows of which are all broken. 【例】This is my teacher __________ handwriting is excellent. = This is my teacher _____________________ is excellent. = This is my teacher ____________________ is excellent. 【知识点8】
由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。
【例】I have a small room in which I live in. =I have a small room in which to live. =I have a small room to live in.
【例】He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help. =He has a good friend______________________. =He has a good friend to turn to for help. 【知识点9】
介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。 【例】He used to live in London, from where he came .
【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects. 【知识点10】
如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。
【例】The picture ______which he paid $100 was once owned by a king.
【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money；先行词为the picture；还原句子即：He paid $100 ____ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：pay some money for something。 【例】This is Tom Sawyer, ______ whom his teacher is proud.
【析】还原：His teacher is proud ___ Tom Sawyer.构成短语：be proud of。 【例】Can you think of a situation __ __ which this word can be used? 【例】I’m grateful to him for that advice, __ __ which I owed all my success.
第二部分 精练——介词+关系词专项练习
选择 1．On his 10th birthday Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can go to the wild.A. which B. from what
C. through which D. that
2．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. that B. by which C. which D. in which 3. I am grateful to him for that advice, _______ I owe all my success. A. which B. that C. to which D. by which
4．The farmers use wood to build a house ______to store grains all the year around. A. with which B. to which
C. which D. in which
5．—Can you tell me where Peter lives?
—Over there. The two- storey house, _____there is a garden.A. near it B. from which
C. in front of it D. in front of which 6．—Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else_______ ,is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
7．Is there a gas station around_____ _ I can get some petrol? A. which B. what C. where D. that
8. The biggest hobby in American, the one Americans spend most time, energy and money, is gardening. A. that
B. which
C. on which
D. /
9. Newton invented a new kind of telescope mirrors instead of lenses. A. which used
B. in which he used D. in that he used
C. that he used
10. The Second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. that
B. which
C. during that
D. in which 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the questions were asked in French. A. where
B. who
C. in which
D. which 12. Antarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which
B. that
C. about which
D. where
13. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month. A. the nurse is talking to him C. the nurse is talking to
B. whom the nurse is talking D. who the nurse is talking
14. The train she was travelling was late. A. which
B. where
C. on which
D. in which
15. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _________ up to half will be from overseas.
A) in which B) for whom C) with which D) of whom 16. The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed. A. in which
B. worn by C. wearing which
D. that
17. Can you lend me the book the other day? A. which you talked
B. that you talked
C. about that you talked D. you talked about 18. There are two small rooms in the house, served as a kitchen. A. the smaller of which C. the smaller of them
B. the small of which D. smallest of which
19. Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village ______ he belonged A. to which B. which C. to where D. at which 20. I remained in the office until 5:30 ____ all the others had left. A. at which B when C. by which time D. that
填入“介词＋关系代词” 1. The ship, ____ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower. 2. The family _________ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon. 3. He has written a book, the name_________ I have completely forgotten. 4. It is a family of 8 children, all ____ are studying music. 5. Can you suggest a time _____ it will be convenient to meet? 6. The town, _________ they came, was in the north of the province. 7. Here are some blouses, none ____ suits me.
8. The fur coat ______ the lady was dressed was very expensive. 9. The emperor, ________ the palace was built, was very cruel. 10. Little Peter had a dream ______ he was taken to the amusement park. 11. He spent a wonderful summer, _____ he joined us in the camping trip. 12. The money, ____ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather. 13. The buses, most ________ were already full, left the school one after another. 14. Ann White, ______ we received the invitation, lives next door to us.