目 录

1.毕业实践任务书--------------------------------------------------------------0 2.外文翻译-----------------------------------------------------------------------1 3.毕业实践调研报告-----------------------------------------------------------8 4.毕业设计说明-----------------------------------------------------------------10 5.毕业实践总结-----------------------------------------------------------------43 6.参考文献--------------------------------------------------------44

毕业实践任务书

课题需要完成的任务：

课题基于MATLAB进行设计，要求给出simulink仿真结果。主要设计要求如下：

（1）控制对象：二阶系统； （2）系统超调小于10%； （3）稳态误差小于3%；

（4）设计相应simulink模块并仿真。

课题计划：

2.13-2.19 熟悉课题背景知识，查阅参考资料； 2.20-3.4 选择设计方案；

3.5 -3.25 应用MATLAB设计相应的simulink模块； 3.26-4.1 进行仿真并调试；

4.2 -4.8 编写毕业设计论文；准备毕业答辩。

计划答辩时间：

年 月 日 日

机电技术学院自控 系（部、分院）

年 月 日

0

原文：

A proportional–integral–derivative controller (PID controller) is a generic .control loop feedback mechanism widely used in industrial control systems. A PID controller attempts to correct the error between a measured process variable and a desired setpoint by calculating and then outputting a corrective action that can adjust the process accordingly.

The PID controller calculation (algorithm) involves three separate parameters; the Proportional, the Integral and Derivative values. The Proportional value determines the reaction to the current error, the Integral determines the reaction based on the sum of recent errors and the Derivative determines the reaction to the rate at which the error has been changing. The weightedsum of these three actions is used to adjust the process via a control element such as the position of a control valve or the power supply of a heating element.By \the three constants in the PID controller algorithm the PID can provide control action designed for specific process requirements. The response of the controller can be described in terms of the responsiveness of the controller to an error, the degree to which the controller overshoots the setpoint and the degree of system oscillation. Note that the use of the PID algorithm for control does not guarantee optimal control of the system or system stability.

Some applications may require using only one or two modes to provide the appropriate system control. This is achieved by setting the gain of undesired control outputs to zero. A PID controller will be called a PI, PD, P or I controller in the absence of the respective control actions. PI controllers are particularly common, since derivative action is very sensitive to measurement noise, and the absence of an integral value may prevent the system from reaching its target value due to the control action.

Note: Due to the diversity of the field of control theory and application, many naming conventions for the relevant variables are in common use.

1.Control loop basics

A familiar example of a control loop is the action taken to keep one's shower water at the ideal temperature, which typically involves the mixing of two process streams, cold and hot water. The person feels the water to estimate its temperature. Based on this

1