摘 要

本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO/TiO2复合光催化剂。以紫外灯为光源，对有机染料罗丹明B进行光催化降解实验研究，考察ZnO/TiO2的光催化性能。实验探讨了催化剂用量、光照时间、染料初始浓度、溶液pH值等因素对罗丹明B降解效果的影响，同时也进行了掺杂ZnO改性的TiO2对罗丹明B降解实验的研究。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）研究了复合物的形貌及晶型，通过UV-Vis吸收光谱分析了复合材料的吸光性能。结果表明：ZnO与TiO2复合拓宽了催化剂对可见光的吸收范围，提高了TiO2的光催化活性, 并比较了不同的掺法，得出：掺杂量（ZnO）为2.0%（w）复合光催化剂催化活性最高。

关键词: 光催化降解；二氧化钛；氧化锌；掺杂；罗丹明B

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ABSTRACT

This paper employs sol-gel process for preparation of ZnO/TiO2 nano-materials as composite photo catalyst, with UV lamp as the source of light, we conduct photocatalytic degradation experiments of organic dyes, investigating the performance of ZnO/TiO2 photocatalysis. Degradation of nanometer ZnO/TiO2 photocatalytical degradation of LuoDanMing B were examined by such factors as dosing quantity, illumination time, dye initial concentration, solution of the pH and so on, by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) study of the complex morphology and crystal, UV-Vis absorption spectrum analysis of composite material suction light performance. The results showed that compound with TiO2 ZnO catalyst to broaden the scope of the visible absorption, improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and compared with different mixing method, we come to a conclusion that doping ZnO into TiO2 for 2.0%(w), composite photo catalyst catalytic activity is the highest.

Keywords：potocatalytic degradation; Titanium dioxide; Zinc oxide; dope; LuoDanMing B - II -

目 录

摘 要 ................................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ II 1 前言 ................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1纳米二氧化钛及其光催化的现状与应用前景 ...................................................... 1

1.1.1纳米二氧化钛在不同领域中的应用 ............................................................ 1 1.1.2纳米二氧化钛的光催化研究进展 ................................................................ 3 1.2制备纳米二氧化钛的不同方法 .............................................................................. 3 1.3纳米二氧化钛光催化机理与优点 .......................................................................... 4

1.3.1光催化机理 .................................................................................................... 4 1.3.2 光催化优势及影响因素 ............................................................................... 5 1.4 光降解对象罗丹明B的简介 ................................................................................ 6 1.5 TiO2的改性研究及存在的问题 .............................................................................. 7

1.5.1改性TiO2的不同手段 ................................................................................... 7 1.5.2 二氧化钛的掺杂改性研究 ........................................................................... 7 1.6本课题研究内容 ...................................................................................................... 7 2 实验 ................................................................................................................................... 9

2.1实验仪器 .................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 实验试剂 ................................................................................................................. 9 2.3 TiO2粉末的制备及掺杂改性 .................................................................................. 9

2.3.1溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2 .................................................................................. 9 2.3.2掺杂ZnO改性纳米TiO2 ............................................................................ 10 2.4 纳米TiO2光催化降解罗丹明B的性能研究 ..................................................... 16

2.4.1 实验内容 ..................................................................................................... 16 2.4.2 结果与讨论 ................................................................................................. 17 2.4.3 小结 ............................................................................................................. 21 2.5 掺杂ZnO的纳米TiO2光催化降解罗丹明B的性能研究 ................................ 22

2.5.1 实验内容 ..................................................................................................... 22 2.5.2 结果与讨论 ................................................................................................. 22 2.5.3 小结 ............................................................................................................. 27 2.6结果与表征 ............................................................................................................ 28 2.7光催化降解罗丹明B的性能研究结果与分析 ................................................... 35 结 论 ............................................................................................................................. 37 参 考 文 献 ....................................................................................................................... 38 致 谢 ............................................................................................................................. 39

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