Unit 1 What’s the matter?

一、??询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法?

?(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达：? What’s?the?matter?(with?sb．)?（某人）怎么了？? What’s?wrong?(with?sb．)?（某人）怎么了？?

What’s?the?trouble?(with?sb．)?（某人）出什么事了？? What?happened?(to?sb．)?（某人）发生了什么事？? Are?you?OK?你没事吧？?

Is?there?anything?wrong?with?sb.？某人有什么事吗？? (2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构： ?①某人+have/has+病症．?

The?twins?have?colds．双胞胎感冒了。?

?某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.? She?had?a?stomachache?last?night．她昨晚肚子痛。

?③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位．?He?has?a?sore?throat．他喉咙痛。 ?④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词．?He?hurt?his?leg.他的腿受伤了。 ?⑤某部位+hurt(s).?

My?head?hurts?badly．我头痛得厉害。?

⑥某人+have/has+a?pain+in?one’s+身体部位，?I?have?a?pain?in?my?chest．我胸口痛。? ⑦(There?is)something?wrong?with?one’s+身体部位．? There?is?something?wrong?with?my?right?eye．．我的右眼有毛病。 ?⑧其他表达方式?

She?has?a?heart?trouble．她有心脏病。?

He?got?hit?on?the?head他头部受到了撞击。? She?cut?her?finger．她割破手指了。 二??情态动词should的用法?

1．Should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldn’t，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。?You?should?drink?hot?water?with?honey．你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。? He?should?put?his?head?back他应该把头后仰。?

We?should?try?our?best?to?help?him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。?You?shouldn‘t?watch?TV.你不应该看电视。?

2．Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。?Should?I?put?some?medicine?on?it?我应当给它敷上药吗？?Should?we?tell?her?about?it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗？?

【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有：? ①Would?you?like?(to?do)?sth．？你想要／愿意（做）某事吗？?

Would?you?like?to?play?basketball?with?me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗？ ?②Shall?I/we?do?sth???我／我们做??好吗？?

??Shall?we?go?to?the?zoo?tomorrow?明天我们去动物园，好吗？? ③Why?not?do?sth??为什么不??呢？?

??Why?not?join?us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？?

④How/What?about?doing?sth??做某事怎么样？???How?about?going?swimming?去游泳怎么样？? ⑤Let’s?do?sth让我们做??吧。???Let’s?go?home．咱们回家吧。? ⑥You’d?better?(not)?do?sth你最好（不）要做某事。?

??You’d?better?not?go?there?alone．你最好不要一个人去那儿。?

Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks

动词不定式?

A.?作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。?常用句型：It?+be+adj./n.+(for/of?sb.)?to?do?sth./It?takes?sb.?some?time?to?do?sth.?

B.?作宾语——动词want,?decide,?hope,?ask,?agree,?choose,?learn,?plan,?need,?teach,?prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。

C.?作（后置）定语——常用于“have/has＋sth.＋to?do”或“enough＋名＋to?do”“It’s?time?to?do?sth.”等结构中。? D.?作宾语补足语——tell,?ask,?want,?invite,?teach,?like,?call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want?/call/invite?sb.?to?do?sth.结构。?

【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to：“一感(feel)，二听(listen?to,?hear)，三让(let,?make,?have,，四看(look?at,?see,?watch,?notice)，半帮助(help)”。 ?E.?动词不定式作状语?

主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in?order?(to)?或so?as?(to)?“为了，目的是”。常用结构有too?+?adj./adv.?+?to?do?sth.等。 ?F.?固定句式中动词不定式的用法?常见的形式有：

had?better?(not)?do?sth./Would?you?like?to?do?sth.?/Why?not?do?sth.?/Would?you?please?(not)?do?sth.?等。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room

Could?you?please...?句型?

（1）请求别人时通常用此句型，也可以说：Can?you...please?情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求，在意思上无区别，但是用could在于其上显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用could?you/I...?若在句末加上please，则显得更礼貌。?

??Could?you?help?me?find?my?book,please?你能帮我找到我的书吗？?

（2）对could?you/I...?的问句作出肯定回答，常用“sure/certainly/of?course”等；如果作否定回答，常用“sorry或oh,please?don’t”。?一般不用no开头，用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。? （3）表示请求的句式：???

Would?you?like?to?do...????Would?you?mind?doing...????Let’s?do....???Shall?I/we?do...?? ??Please?do...(祈使句前加please)?

提示：could?you?please...与could?I?Please...两种问句，前者是请求别人帮忙的句式，后者是有礼貌地向别人请求允许的交际用语。试比较：?

Could?you?please?help?me?请你帮我一下好吗？?

Could?I?please?invite?my?friends?to?my?birthday?party,Mom??妈妈，?我能邀请我的朋友参加我的生日聚会吗？

Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents?

1.提建议向别人发出邀请，请求，建议，或征求某人的意见的其他表达方式：How?/what?about?doing?sth.?（about是个介词，可跟名词或动名词）“…怎么样？”?

You’d?better?(not)?do?something.“你最好（不）做某事”? Would?you?like?sth?…?:“你想要某物Let?s?do?sth…?? What?should?I?do?…??(?should表示请求、征询对方意见)?

2.学会谈论问题和学会用why?don't?you…提建议向别人发出邀请，请求，建议，或征求某人的意见的表达方式：? Why?don?t?you?do?something??=Why?not?do?something???你为什么不做某事呢？?来表示请求、征询对方意见 ３．until,?so?that?,although引导的状语从句：

1)until：在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,?“在……以前不……”,?谓语动词可用瞬间动词。Don?t?get?off?until?the?bus?stops.?

2）so?that引导目的状语从句（为了，以便）例如：He?studies?hard?so?that?he?could?work?better?in?the?future? 3）although的用法意思相当于though（尽管，虽然），引导让步状语从句。引导的从句不能与并列连词but，and，?so等连用，但可以和yet，?still等词连用。?例如：Although?he?was?tired,?he?went?on?working.尽管他很累，但是他继续工作。?

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？

过去进行时?

1.?基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的 动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外,?一般用时间状语来表示。? 2.?结构??was?/?were?(?not?)?+?动词-ing?????? 3.?句式??????? ?肯定式：?

I/He/She/It?was?working.?We/You/They/?were?working.?? 否定式:?

I/He/She/It?was?not?working.?

We/You/They/?were?not?working.??????? ??疑问式和简略回答:?

Was?I?working??Yes,?you?were.?No,?you?were?not.?Were?you?working??Yes,?I?was.?No,?I?was?not.?Was?he/she/it?working??Yes,?he/she/it?was.?No,?he/she/it?was?not.?Were?we/you/they?working??Yes,?you/we/they?were.?No,?you/we/they?were?not.?注：?

1)?was?not常缩略为wasn’t;?were?not常缩略为weren’t。?

2)?一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较:?一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态,?而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。?例如:?

David?wrote?a?letter?to?his?friend?last?night.??大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了。)?

David?was?writing?a?letter?to?his?friend?last?night.??大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完。) 4.过去进行时中的when和while? ?when,?while?区别：?

1)?由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；?由while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时。? When?the?teacher?came?in,?we?were?talking.?

?当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：??While?we?were?talking,?the?teacher?came?in.??

2)如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导。如：?? They?were?singing?while?we?were?dancing.?

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

1.?unless引导条件状语从句??

?unless?=?if?…?not?―除非，若不?? They?will?go?tomorrow?unless?it?rains.?

=?They?will?go?tomorrow?if?it?doesn’t?rains.? 2.?as?soon?as引导时间状语从句。?―……就 ?He?will?come?and?see?you?as?soon?as?he?can.? 3.?so.......that引导结果状语从句?

句型1：主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句

The?wind?was?so?strong?that?we?could?hardly?move?forward.? 句型2：?so?+形容词?+?a/an?+?单数名词?+?that从句? It?was?so?hot?a?day?that?they?all?went?swimming.? 句型3.??so?+?many/?few?+?复数名词?+?that从句?

He?has?so?few?friends?that?he?often?feels?lonely.? 句型4：?so?+much/?little?+?不可数名词?+?that?从句? ?I?had?so?little?money?that?I?couldn’t?buy?a?pen.?