the first companies to tell professionals that they could spend 15 percent of their time on projects of their own choosing. Now many high-tech companies know that they can’t get the best talent without providing this kind of flexibility. And some of those self-selected, self-organized projects might even result in a blockbuster product or line of business. For 3M, it was the Post-it note. Recognize innovation in every part of the company. To build a culture of creativity and innovation, Gillette developed an innovation fair in which every unit could show off its most promising new concepts. It shows that everyone has a role to play in a culture of innovation.

To go from idea to successful innovation requires a great deal of support and collaboration. When people are surrounded by constant communication and encouragement, they can find the courage to try, fail, redo, and try again.

操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。 1. What is necessary in creating innovation culture? B.courage

2. How does 3M create its innovation culture? B. define jobs around innovation.

3. The word prerequisite in “Make it a job prerequisite” means A. required as a prior condition

4. How does Gillette create its innovation culture? C. Recognize innovation in every part of the company. 5. The formation from idea to innovation needs C. support and cooperation 第二套

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1

—It's about a successful businessman's management experience, isn't it? 选择一项： B. That's right! 题目2

— I'd like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please! — OK,________________ . 选择一项：

B. I'll make sure you get one. 题目3

______ we can't compete in terms of size I do believe we hold an advantage in terms of dedication to customer service. 选择一项： C. Although 题目4

The key ______ successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy to the whole company. 选择一项： A. to 题目5

We need ________ communication skills: listen carefully, think before you speak and manage conflicts diplomatically. 选择一项： A. outstanding 题目6

二、完型填空（共50分）

操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。

This evening I met a friend at a local bar. She brought her laptop along so she could show me some of her latest digital art designs. As we looked through her artwork, the laptop suddenly started making an unhealthy noise, then the screen twinkled on and off and then cut off completely. And as we both stared at one another surprisingly, the terrible smell of fried computer circuits appeared. I grabbed the laptop off the bar to inspect it and the problem instantly arose itself. The bottom of the laptop was completely wet and empty, spilt water glass rested against the side of her purse just behind where the laptop was sitting. While we were chatting and shifting the laptop's 17 inch screen back and forth, we somehow spilt a glass of water that the waiter had inadvertently (无意地) placed behind the screen, which was out of our view.

When life throws id some troubles like this, it typically doesn't make any sense to us, and our natural emotional reaction might get extremely upset at the top of our lungs. But how does this help our dilemma? Obviously, it doesn't.

The smartest and hardest thing we can do in these kinds of situations is to be more tempered in

our reaction. You'd be much wiser and more disciplined than scream extremely. You should remember that emotional rage only makes matters worse. And please remember that once it happens, that will give us an opportunity to grow stronger.

Every difficult moment in our lives is accompanied by an opportunity for personal growth and creativity. But in order to attain this growth and creativity.

We must first learn to control our emotions. We must recognize that difficulties pass like everything in our life.

最新国家开放大学电大《成本管理》网络核心课形考网考作

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考试说明：2019年春期电大把该课程纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，它共有四次形考任务。针对该门课程，本人汇总了该科所有的题，形成一个完整的标准题库，并且以后会不断更新，对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用，会给您节省大量的时间。做考题时，利用本文档中的查找工具（CTRL+F），把考题中的关键字输到查找工具的查找内容框内，就可迅速查找到该题答案。本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案，敬请查看。最终成绩=形成性考核*50% + 终结性考试*50%。 第一次形考任务

一、单项选择题（共 10 道试题，共 20 分。） 题目1

采用分批法计算产品成本时，若是单件生产，月末计算产品成本时（）。 A. 需要将生产费用在完工产品和在产品之间进行分配 B. 不需要将生产费用在完工产品和在产品之间进行分配 C. 应采用同小批生产一样的核算方法 D. 区别不同情况确定是否分配生产费用 题目2

当各项消耗定额或费用比较准确、稳定，而且各月末在产品数量变化不大的产品，其月末在产品成本的计算方法可采用（）。

A. 在产品按完工产品计算法 B. 在产品按所耗原材料费用计价法 C. 在产品按约当产量比例法 D. 在产品按定额成本计价法 题目3

企业在生产各种工业产品等过程中发生的各种耗费，称为（） A. 生产费用 B. 成本 C. 经营费用 D. 产品成本 题目4

企业对于一些主要产品、主要费用应采用比较复杂、详细的方法进行分配和计算，而对于一些次要的产品、费用采用简化的方法进行合并计算和分配的原则称为（）。 A. 重要性原则 B. 实际成本计价原则 C. 成本分期原则 D. 合法性原则 题目5

采用约当产量法计算在产品成本时，影响在产品成本准确性的关键因素是（）。 A. 废品的数量 B. 完工产品的数量 C. 在产品的数量 D. 在产品的完工程度 题目6

产品成本实际包括的内容称为（） A. 成本

B. 成本开支范围 C. 制造成本 D. 生产费用 题目7

某企业生产产品经过２道工序，各工序的工时定额分别为３０小时和４０小时，则第二道工序在产品的完工率约为（）。 A. 71% B. 68% C. 69% D. 70%