2019届高考英语一轮复习专项提升训练 任务型阅读与书面表达专项提升训练

（江苏卷适用）

一、任务型阅读

1.请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

Four Well-Being Workouts

Relieving stress and anxiety might help you feel better—for a bit. Martin E.P. Seligman, a professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, explored how well-being(幸福感) consists not merely of feeling happy, an emotion that can be momentary, but of experiencing a sense of contentment in the knowledge that your life is colorful and has meaning beyond your own pleasure. To cultivate(培育) it, he suggests these four exercises.

Write down a story about a time when you were at your best. It doesn't need to be a life-changing event but should have a clear beginning, middle and end. Reread it every day for a week, and each time ask yourself some questions. Writing down the answers “puts you in touch with what you're good at,” Dr. Seligman explained. The next step is to consider how to use these strengths to your advantage,

intentionally organizing and structuring your life around them. “A week later, a month later, six months later, people had on average lower rates of depression and higher life satisfaction,” Dr. Seligman said. “Possible mechanisms could be more positive emotions. People like you more, relationships go better, life goes better.”

Set aside 10 minutes before you go to bed each night to write down three things that went really well that day. Next to each event answer the question, “Why did this good thing happen?”

Instead of focusing on life's lows, which can increase the likelihood of depression, the exercise “turns your attention to the good things in life, so it changes what you attend to,” Dr. Seligman said. “Consciousness is like your tongue: It rolls around in the mouth looking for a cavity (龋洞), and when it finds it, you focus on it. Imagine if your tongue went looking for a beautiful, healthy tooth.” Polish it. Think of someone who has been especially kind to you but you have not properly thanked. Write a letter describing what he or she did and how it affected your life, and how you often remember the effort. Then arrange a meeting and read the letter aloud, in person. “It's common that when people do the gratitude visit both people weep out of joy,” Dr. Seligman said. Why is the experience so powerful? “It puts you in better touch with other people, with your place in the world.”

Responding constructively was inspired by the work of Shelly Gable, a social psychologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who has extensively studied marriages and other close relationships. The next time someone you care about

shares good news, give what Dr. Gable calls an “active constructive response.” That is, instead of saying something passive, express real excitement. Extend the discussion by, say, encouraging them to tell others or suggest a celebratory activity.

So, the most effective long-term strategy for well-being is to actively cultivate well-being rather than only focus on how to relieve depression, anger and worry. Four Well-Being Workouts Introduction ● Well-being is a feeling of contentment as well as ①__________happiness like the ②__________of stress and anxiety. ● Write a ④__________story in your best situation and read it daily in a week. ● Ask yourself and write down the answers to know your advantages to plan the life on ⑤__________, which can bring about many benefits later. ● ⑥__________ten minutes to put down what went smoothly and clarify the reasons. ● Shift your attention to good things and meanwhile ignore the bad. ● Write a letter of ⑦__________to a person always kind to you. ● Make an appointment and read the letter to him aloud and ⑧__________. ● Avoid making passive responses to people who share good news with you. ● Try to extend the discussion to show you do not ⑨__________to be excited. ● Cultivating well-being actively is the most effective long-term strategy instead of just ⑩__________it to what people usually think. 2.请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

AI-spy

Artificial intelligence (AI) is making its way into business. As a report explains, firms of all types are using AI to forecast demand, hire workers and deal with customers. In 2017 companies spent around 22 billion dollars on AI related mergers and acquisitions, about 26 times more than in 2015. AI will bring

Four ③__________suggested to cultivating well-being

enormous profits and efficiency. The McKinsey Global Institute, a consulting agency, believes that just applying AI to marketing, sales and supply chains could create 2.7 trillion dollars over the next 20 years.

Less familiar, but just as important, is how AI will transform the workplace. Using AI, managers can gain extraordinary control over their employees. Amazon has patented a wristband that tracks the hand movements of warehouse workers and uses vibrations (振动) to urge them to be more efficient. Humanyze, a start-up, sells smart ID cards that can track employees around the office and reveal how well they interact with colleagues.

Spying on employees at work is nothing new. Factory workers have long clocked in and out; bosses can already see what workers do on their computers. But AI-spy is especially worthwhile, because every bit of data is potentially valuable. Where does all this lead?

AI ought to improve productivity. Some employees will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better. In addition, machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them. Algorithms (计算程序), if designed correctly, can be more neutral. But what if their programmers are prejudiced?

Algorithms can also have unintended consequences. The length of a commute (通勤时间) may predict whether an employee will quit a job, but this focus may harm poorer applicants. Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity. And AI-spy may feel Orwellian—a sensitive matter now that people have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives. Firms can use AI to examine not just employees’ professional communications but their social-media profiles, too. The clue is in Slack’s name, which stands for “searchable log of all conversation and knowledge”.

As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to guide its spread. First, personal information should not be included in data where possible. Microsoft, for example, has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office, but gives managers information only in collective form. Second, the use of AI ought to be transparent (透明的). Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their workplaces and which data are being gathered. Last, countries should let individuals request their own data, whether they are ex-workers wishing to doubt a dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.

AI-spy Spread of AI The size of corporative ①__________ in AI multiplies rapidly. AI will bring huge ②__________value to corporations. Firms begin using AI to ③__________employees’