新视野3答案

Unit 1

Text A

Vocabulary

deviate vi.

start doing sth. different from what is expected or agreed 背离；偏离

preclude vt.

(fml.) prevent sth. or make sth. impossible 阻碍；阻止；妨碍

Better options may come along later, and taking the first option will preclude them from being free for the later and better ones. 后面可能会出现更好的选择，选了第一个他们就无法自由选择后面更好的了。

premier a.

(only before noun) best, largest, or most important 最好的；最大的；最重要的 The best women players from 56 nations began to compete for what is the premier team prize in women's tennis. 来自56个国家的最好的女子选手开始竞夺女子网球最重要的团体奖。 n.

[C] a prime minister 首相；总理

Today's paper reports that the premier has given up the idea of visiting his hometown. 今天的报纸报道说，总理已经放弃了访问其故乡的想法。

whereby ad.

(fml.) used for saying that sth. is done according to the method, arrangement, rule, etc. that has been referred to 凭那个；借以

Officials proposed a system of double-checking on traders whereby they would be obliged to list every item exported and imported. 官员们提出了一个对贸易商进行复核的制度，这样贸易商将被迫列出进出口的每一个项目。

civic

a. (only before noun)

1 relating to the people who live in a town or city or the duties and responsibilities

that they have as citizens 公民的；市民的

She felt it was her civic duty to give the police the names of the destroyers. 她觉得向警察提供那些破坏者的名字是她作为一个市民的责任。 2 relating to a town or city 城镇的；城市的

He takes on a lot of responsibilities, both at work and in civic affairs. 在工作和市政事务方面他承担了许多责任。

patriotic a.

feeling a lot of love, respect, and duty toward your country 爱国的；有爱国心的 The Chinese people have a glorious patriotic tradition, and they are great peace-loving people. 中国人民具有光荣的爱国传统，是伟大的、热爱和平的人民。

clear-cut a.

definite and easy to understand, recognize, or make a decision about 明确的；清楚的 You have to be really clear-cut about who you are and what you're trying to achieve. 你必须真正清楚你是谁，你想达到什么目的。

inhibit vt.

make it difficult for a process to start or continue in a normal way 阻碍；妨碍；抑制 This strict supervision of their activities will make them less decisive and may inhibit them from giving orders or taking charge of the situation. 对他们行动的这种严密监控将使他们优柔寡断，还可能会妨碍他们发布命令、掌控局势。

scholarly a.

1 sb. who is scholarly knows a lot about a particular subject or studies sth. seriously 博学的；学问精深的

This extraordinarily scholarly young man had already advanced far in the study of art. 这位学问极其渊博的年轻人已经在艺术研究领域取得了卓越的成绩。 2 connected with scholars or the formal study of a subject 学者的；学术的

Recently, scholarly research is showing that marriage, by and large, makes people happier, healthier, and better off financially. 近来，学术研究大多显示婚姻使人更幸福健康，经济上更富裕。

idiot n.

[C] (infml.) sb. who behaves in an extremely stupid way 笨蛋；傻子

bypass vt.

1 avoid dealing with sb. or sth., esp. because you think you can achieve sth. more quickly without using them （做某事时）避开，越过（某人）

A flexible plan can allow us to bypass unnecessary tasks and ignore unimportant interruptions. 一个灵活的计划可以让我们避开不必要的任务，忽略不重要的干扰。 2 avoid the center of a town or city by using a road that goes round it 绕过；绕…走 Roadways, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges could run through or bypass urban areas. 公路、桥梁、天桥和立体交叉道穿过或绕过城区。

persecution n.

[C, U] extremely bad treatment of sb., esp. because of their race, religion, or political beliefs （尤指因种族、宗教或政治信仰而进行的）迫害，残害

Unfortunately, the persecution of religious minorities has been common in the history of the world. 遗憾的是，在世界历史上，对宗教少数派的迫害很常见。 misfortune n.

1 [C] sth. harmful or unpleasant that happens to sb. 不幸的事；灾难

Very often, comedians use the misfortunes in their personal life to create jokes and make other people laugh. 很常见的是，喜剧演员用他们个人生活中的不幸来制造笑料，给其他人带来笑声。 2 [U] bad luck 厄运；不幸

I have no doubt that the misfortune of a serious illness in his family caused his financial difficulties. 我可以肯定他家人不幸得了重病导致他经济困难。 glamor n.

[U] a special quality that makes a person, place, or situation seem very exciting, attractive, or fashionable 魅力；吸引力

She has the glamor of a movie star as it is rarely seen in office environments. 她具有电影明星的魅力，而这种魅力在职场是很少见的。

glamorous a.

attractive and interesting in an exciting and unusual way 极富魅力的；非常吸引人的 She became an entertainment journalist because she wanted to spend her working life in the glamorous world of celebrities and top politicians. 她成为了一名娱乐新闻记者，因为她想在风光无限、满是社会名流和著名政治家的圈子里工作。 tragic a.

causing or involving great sadness, because sb. suffers or dies 可悲的；悲惨的；不幸的；悲剧性的

When she heard about her husband's tragic experience, she could hardly choke back her tears. 当她听到自己丈夫的不幸经历时，几乎无法抑制住自己的眼泪。

spur n.

[C] sth. that encourages sb. to do sth. 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞

The soccer team's manager said that the team's success on Saturday would be a spur which would lead to even greater effort this season. 这支足球队的经理说球队周六的胜利将会鼓舞球队在本赛季更加努力。 vt.

1 encourage sb. to do sth. 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞

The promise of bonuses or gifts can spur workers to higher achievement. 承诺给工人奖金或礼品可以激励他们取得更大的成绩。 2 cause sth. to happen 使发生

The discovery of diamonds and gold spurred wealth and immigration in this region. 钻石和黄金的发现使该地区财富激增，并引发了涌往该地区的移民潮。 optimism n.

[U] a tendency to be hopeful and to expect that good things will probably happen 乐观；乐观主义

Although they were poor, disabled or ill, they faced life with optimism and vigor. 虽然他们贫穷、残疾或疾病缠身，但他们乐观而充满活力地面对生活。

dedication n.

[U] the large amount of time and effort that sb. spends on sth. 奉献；献身

The volunteers' dedication and support have been invaluable for the Art Association's funds and for managing them effectively. 在艺协基金及其有效管理上，志愿者的奉献和支持是非常宝贵的。

commend vt. (fml.)

1 praise sb. or sth. formally or publicly （正式或公开）表扬，称赞，表彰

I would like to commend you for the support you give with your excellent articles to rural artists and craftspeople. 我十分赞赏你通过精彩的文章而给予农村艺术家和手艺人的支持。

2 tell sb. that a person or thing is good, useful, or suitable 推荐

I don't usually commend everyone who does a good job; I only commend people who do an excellent job. 对工作干得好的人我不是都推荐，我只推荐工作成绩优异的人。

uphold vt.

(fml.) show that you support sth. such as an idea by what you say or do 支持；拥护；维护

The president swore to uphold the constitution. 总统宣誓维护宪法。

endeavor n.

[C, U] an effort to do sth., esp. sth. new or difficult 努力；尽力

Driving is a serious endeavor and all drivers must remain alert, awake, and aware to reduce the number of accidents on the roads. 驾车是一个严肃认真的行为，所有的司机都必须保持警觉，头脑清醒，尽力减少道路事故的发生。 vi.

(fml.) (~ to do sth.) try very hard to do sth. 努力做（某事）；尽力做（某事）

They endeavor to tell the stories behind each picture, allowing visitors to see paintings of landscapes with a greater understanding. 他们尽力去讲述每幅画背后的故事，让参观者欣赏风景画时有更深层的理解。

statesman n.

[C] an experienced political leader that many people respect 政治家

diligent a.

(fml.) sb. who is diligent works very hard and very carefully 勤奋的；用功的 Both ants and bees are extremely diligent insects. Therefore, we have a saying for a person who works very carefully and hard: \蚂蚁和蜜蜂都是极其勤劳的昆虫。因此，对那些工作认真努力的人，我们有句俗话说得好：“他像蜜蜂一样勤劳。”

diligently ad. 勤奋地

He worked diligently and spent long hours in the laboratory. 他工作勤奋，大量的时间都花费在了实验室。

pursuit n.

[U] the process of trying to achieve sth. 追求；寻求

The main reason for the changes was the pursuit of profit. 作出这些改变主要是为了追求利润。

ranch n.

[C] a very large farm in the western US or Canada, where cows, horses, or sheep are bred （美国或加拿大西部的）大牧场

prestige n.

[U] the high reputation and respect that sb. or sth. has earned, based on their impressive achievements, quality, etc. 声望；名望；威信