中考英语《状语从句》知识点总结
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中考英语《状语从句》知识点总结
状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句
要点: 时间状语从句,由以下连词引导: when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。
1.when当。。。的时候 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特的时候,开始写音乐作品。
2.while当。。。时 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。
3.as在。。。的同时;一边。。。一边。。。 He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。
4.after在。。。之后 He left the classroom after he had
finished his homework the other day.前几天做完作业之后回的家。 5.before 在。。。之前 Mr. brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。
6.as soon as 一。。。就。。。 We began to work as soon as we got there.我们一到那就开始工作。I will write to you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你写信。
7.since 自。。。以来 到现在表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 Mr green has taught in that school since he came to china three years ago.自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书。(还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语:since three years ago(自三年前以来)表示。)
8.till /until都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语。 They walked till /until it was dark.他们一直走到天黑。Xiao ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家。 9.by the time 到。。。为止 (所在句子的主句应用完成时)By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的时候,他爸爸已经走了。By the time i got to school, the class had already began.我到校时,已经开始上课了。
难点——as when while的辨析as when while都表示主、从
句动作同时发生,三者差异如下:表示“一边。。。一边\的意思as 强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时 用于发生时间较段时 when
1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作\之前 \或\之后\发生。
2、when=and then; at that moment (正在那个时候) while
1、用于时间较长时
2、 强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时有时这三个连词可以互换,有时不可以。
It was raining hard when (as)I got there.我到那里时,正在下大雨。 ( 动作同时发生,when可换为as, 但不能换为while,因为get是点动词.)
when I had read the article, he called me.我看完这篇文章之后,她给我打了电话。( 从句动作发生在主句之前,注意时态表达,只能用when )
When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.(当)我到了电影院时,电影已经开演了。(从句的动作发生在主句之后,只能用when,并要注意时态)
He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.他正要离开,忽然电话响了。( 此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达 “正在” “即将”.while, as不能代替 )