ÎïÀí»¯Ñ§ºËÐĽ̵̳ڶþ°æ×îÈ«¿ÎºóÏ°Ìâ´ð°¸(³ÁÎÄϼ-ÄϾ©´óѧ) ÏÂÔر¾ÎÄ

´ð£º£¨C£©¡£Éý¸ß¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÇòÄÚÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ã»Óиı䣬ÀûÓÃÀíÏëÆøÌåµÄ״̬·½³Ì£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ÆËãÔڸ߿ÕÖÐÇòÄÚµÄѹÁ¦¡£

n?p1V1pV?2 2 RT1RT2pVT100kP?a p2?112?V2T1298K?r253K?1????3.14 k Par?2?37£®Ê¹ÕæʵÆøÌåÒº»¯µÄ±ØÒªÌõ¼þÊÇ £¨ £©

£¨A£©Ñ¹Á¦´óÓÚpC £¨B£©Î¶ȵÍÓÚTC £¨C£©Ìå»ýµÈÓÚVm,C £¨D£©Í¬Ê±Éý¸ßζȺÍѹÁ¦

´ð£º£¨B£©¡£TCÊÇÄÜʹÆøÌåÒº»¯µÄ×î¸ßζȣ¬Èô¸ßÓÚÁÙ½çζȣ¬ÎÞÂÛ¼Ó¶à´óѹÁ¦¶¼ÎÞ·¨Ê¹ÆøÌåÒº»¯¡£

8£®ÔÚÒ»¸öºãΡ¢ÈÝ»ýΪ2 dm3µÄÕæ¿ÕÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬ÒÀ´Î³äÈëζÈÏàͬ¡¢Ê¼Ì¬Îª100 kPa£¬2 dm3µÄN2£¨g£©ºÍ200 kPa£¬1dm3µÄAr(g)£¬ÉèÁ½ÕßÐγÉÀíÏëÆøÌå»ìºÏÎÔòÈÝÆ÷ÖеÄ×ÜѹÁ¦Îª £¨ £© £¨A£©100 kPa £¨B£©150 kPa £¨C£©200 kPa £¨D£©300 kPa

´ð£º£¨C£©¡£µÈÎÂÌõ¼þÏ£¬200 kPa£¬1dm3ÆøÌåµÈÓÚ100 kPa£¬2dm3ÆøÌ壬×ÜѹΪp?pA?pB=100 kPa+100 kPa=200 kPa ¡£

9£®ÔÚ298 Kʱ£¬ÍùÈÝ»ý¶¼µÈÓÚ2 dm3²¢Ô¤Ïȳé¿ÕµÄÈÝÆ÷A¡¢BÖУ¬·Ö±ð¹àÈë100 gºÍ200 gË®£¬µ±´ïµ½Æ½ºâʱ£¬Á½ÈÝÆ÷ÖеÄѹÁ¦·Ö±ðΪpAºÍpB£¬Á½ÕߵĹØϵΪ £¨ £©

£¨A£©pApB £¨C£©pA=pB £¨D£©ÎÞ·¨È·¶¨

´ð£º£¨C£©¡£±¥ºÍÕôÆøѹÊÇÎïÖʵÄÌØÐÔ£¬Ö»ÓëζÈÓйء£ÔÚÕâÑùµÄÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬Ë®²»¿ÉÄÜÈ«²¿Õô·¢ÎªÆøÌ壬ÔÚÆø-ÒºÁ½Ï๲´æʱ£¬Ö»ÒªÎ¶ÈÏàͬ£¬ËüÃǵı¥ºÍÕôÆøѹҲӦ¸ÃÏàµÈ¡£

10£®ÔÚ273 K£¬101.325 kPaʱ£¬CCl4(l)µÄÕôÆø¿ÉÒÔ½üËÆ¿´×÷ΪÀíÏëÆøÌå¡£ÒÑÖªCCl4(l)µÄĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿Îª154g?mol?1µÄ£¬ÔòÔÚ¸ÃÌõ¼þÏ£¬CCl4(l)ÆøÌåµÄÃܶÈΪ £¨ £©

£¨A£©6.87 g?dm?3 £¨B£©4.52 g?dm?3 £¨C£©6.42 g?dm?3 £¨D£©3.44 g?dm?3

´ð£º£¨A£©¡£Í¨³£½«273 K£¬101.325 kPa³ÆΪ±ê׼״̬£¬ÔÚ¸Ã״̬Ï£¬1 mol ÈÎÒâÎïÖʵÄÆøÌåµÄÌå»ýµÈÓÚ22.4 dm3¡£¸ù¾ÝÃܶȵĶ¨Ò壬

??m154 g??6.87 g?dm?3 3V22.4 dm11£®ÔÚijÌå»ýºã¶¨µÄÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬×°ÓÐÒ»¶¨Á¿Î¶ÈΪ300 KµÄÆøÌ壬ÏÖÔÚ±£³ÖѹÁ¦²»±ä£¬Òª½«ÆøÌå¸Ï³ö1/6£¬ÐèÒª½«ÈÝÆ÷¼ÓÈȵ½µÄζÈΪ £¨ £© £¨A£©350 K £¨B£©250 K £¨C£©300 K £¨D£©360 K

´ð£º£¨D£©¡£±£³ÖV£¬p²»±ä£¬n2?56n1£¬T2?T1?360 K 6512£®Êµ¼ÊÆøÌåµÄѹÁ¦£¨p£©ºÍÌå»ý£¨V£©ÓëÀíÏëÏà±È£¬·Ö±ð»á·¢ÉúµÄÆ«²îΪ£¨ £©

£¨A£©p£¬V¶¼·¢ÉúÕýÆ«²î £¨B£©p£¬V¶¼·¢Éú¸ºÆ«²î £¨C£©pÕýÆ«²î£¬V¸ºÆ«²î £¨D£©p¸ºÆ«²î£¬VÕýÆ«²î

´ð£º£¨B£©¡£ÓÉÓÚʵ¼ÊÆøÌåµÄ·Ö×Ó¼äÓÐÏ໥×÷ÓÃÁ¦£¬ËùÒÔʵ¼ÊµÄѹÁ¦Òª±ÈÀíÏëÆøÌåµÄС¡£ÓÉÓÚʵ¼ÊÆøÌå·Ö×Ó×ÔÉíµÄÌå»ý²»ÄܺöÂÔ£¬ËùÒÔÄÜÔËÓõÄÌå»ý±ÈÀíÏëÆøÌåµÄС¡£ Î壮ϰÌâ½âÎö

1£®ÔÚÁ½¸öÈÝ»ý¾ùΪVµÄÉÕÆ¿ÖÐ×°ÓеªÆø£¬ÉÕÆ¿Ö®¼äÓÐϸ¹ÜÏàͨ£¬Ï¸¹ÜµÄÌå»ý¿ÉÒÔºöÂÔ²»¼Æ¡£Èô½«Á½ÉÕÆ¿¾ù½þÈë373 KµÄ¿ªË®ÖУ¬²âµÃÆøÌåѹÁ¦Îª60 kPa¡£ÈôÒ»Ö»ÉÕÆ¿½þÔÚ273 KµÄ±ùË®ÖУ¬ÁíÍâÒ»Ö»ÈÔÈ»½þÔÚ373 KµÄ¿ªË®ÖУ¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâºó£¬ÇóÕâʱÆøÌåµÄѹÁ¦¡£ÉèÆøÌå¿ÉÒÔÊÓΪÀíÏëÆøÌå¡£

½â£ºÒòΪÁ½¸öÈÝÆ÷ÊÇÏàͨµÄ£¬ËùÒÔѹÁ¦Ïàͬ¡£ÉèÔÚ¿ªÊ¼Ê±µÄζȺÍѹÁ¦·Ö±ðΪT1,p1£¬ºóÀ´µÄѹÁ¦Îªp2£¬273 KΪT2¡£ÏµÍ³ÖеªÆøµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿±£³Ö²»±ä£¬

n?n1?n2¡£¸ù¾ÝÀíÏëÆøÌåµÄ״̬·½³Ì£¬ÓÐ

p12VpV?2?RTR1T1pV R2T2»¯¼òµÃ£º

?12p11??p2??? T1?T1T2?T2 T2?T1p2?2p1? ?2?60 kPa?273?50.7 kPa

273?3732£®½«Î¶ÈΪ300 K£¬Ñ¹Á¦Îª1 800 kPaµÄ¸ÖÆ¿ÖеĵªÆø£¬·ÅÒ»²¿·Öµ½Ìå»ýΪ20 dm3µÄÖüÆøÆ¿ÖУ¬Ê¹ÖüÆøƿѹÁ¦ÔÚ300 KʱΪ100 kPa£¬ÕâʱԭÀ´¸ÖÆ¿ÖеÄѹÁ¦½µÎª1 600 kPa£¨¼ÙÉèζÈδ±ä£©¡£ÊÔÇóÔ­¸ÖÆ¿µÄÌå»ý¡£ÈÔ¼ÙÉèÆøÌå¿É×÷ΪÀíÏëÆøÌå´¦Àí¡£

½â£º Éè¸ÖÆ¿µÄÌå»ýΪV£¬Ô­ÓеÄÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªn1£¬Ê£ÓàÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªn2£¬·ÅÈëÖüÆøÆ¿ÖеÄÆøÌåÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªn¡£¸ù¾ÝÀíÏëÆøÌåµÄ״̬·½³Ì£¬ p1V?n1RT p2V?n2RT

n?n1?n2?p1Vp2VV??(p1?p2) RTRTRTp3V3100 kPa?20?10?3 m3n???0.80 mol

RT8.314 J?mol?1?K?1?300 KV?nRT p1?p20.80 mol?8.314 J?mol?1?K?1?300 K?9.98 dm3 ?(1 800?1 600) kPa3£®Óõç½âË®µÄ·½·¨ÖƱ¸ÇâÆøʱ£¬ÇâÆø×ÜÊDZ»Ë®ÕôÆø±¥ºÍ£¬ÏÖÔÚÓýµÎµķ½·¨È¥³ý²¿·ÖË®ÕôÆø¡£ÏÖ½«ÔÚ298 KÌõ¼þÏÂÖƵõı¥ºÍÁËË®ÆøµÄÇâÆøͨÈë283 K¡¢Ñ¹Á¦ºã¶¨Îª128.5 kPaµÄÀäÄýÆ÷ÖУ¬ÊÔ¼ÆË㣺ÔÚÀäÄýÇ°ºó£¬»ìºÏÆøÌåÖÐË®ÆøµÄĦ¶û·ÖÊý¡£ÒÑÖªÔÚ298 KºÍ283 Kʱ£¬Ë®µÄ±¥ºÍÕôÆøѹ·Ö±ðΪ3.167 kPaºÍ1.227 kPa¡£»ìºÏÆøÌå½üËÆ×÷ΪÀíÏëÆøÌå¡£

½â£º Ë®ÆøËùÕ¼µÄĦ¶û·ÖÊý½üËƵÈÓÚË®ÆøѹÁ¦ÓëÀäÄý²Ù×÷µÄ×Üѹ֮±È ÔÚÀäÄýÆ÷½ø¿Ú´¦£¬T=298 K£¬»ìºÏÆøÌåÖÐË®ÆøµÄĦ¶û·ÖÊýΪ x1(H2O,g)=p1(H2O)3.167 kPa??0.025 p128.5 kPa ÔÚÀäÄýÆ÷³ö¿Ú´¦£¬T=283 K£¬»ìºÏÆøÌåÖÐË®ÆøµÄĦ¶û·ÖÊýΪ x2(H2O,g)?p2(H2O)1.227 kPa??0.0095 p128.5 kPa¿É¼ûÕâÑù´¦ÀíÒÔºó£¬ÇâÆøÖеĺ¬Ë®Á¿Ï½µÁ˺ܶࡣ

4£®Ä³Æø¹ñÄÚÖü´æÂÈÒÒÏ©CH2=CHCl(g)300 m3£¬Ñ¹Á¦Îª122 kPa£¬Î¶ÈΪ300 K¡£ÇóÆø¹ñÄÚÂÈÒÒÏ©ÆøÌåµÄÃܶȺÍÖÊÁ¿¡£ÈôÌáÓÃÆäÖеÄ100 m3£¬Ï൱ÓÚÂÈÒÒÏ©µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª¶àÉÙ£¿ÒÑÖªÆäĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿Îª62.5 g?mol-1£¬ÉèÆøÌåΪÀíÏëÆøÌå¡£

½â£º ¸ù¾ÝÒÑÖªÌõ¼þ£¬Æø¹ñÄÚÖü´æÂÈÒÒÏ©µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªn?ÖÊÁ¿Îª m?nM¡£¸ù¾ÝÃܶȵĶ¨Òå??µÃ

pV£¬ÔòÂÈÒÒÏ©µÄRTm¡£½«ÒÔÉϵĹØϵʽ´úÈ룬ÏûÈ¥ÏàͬÏV??mMp ?VRT62.5?10?3 kg?mol?1?122?103 Pa? ?1?18.314 J?mol?K?300 K?3.06 kg?m?3?3.06 g?dm?3

m???V?3.06 kg?m?3?300 m3?918 kg

1ÌáÓÃÆäÖеÄ100 m3£¬Ï൱ÓÚÌáÓÃ×ܵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄ£¬ÔòÌáÓõÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª

31918 kg1?4 896 mol n?n×Ü???3?1362.5?10 kg?mol311pV»ò n?n×Ü?

33RT1122?103 Pa?300 m3???4 891 mol 38.314 J?mol?1?K?1?300 K5£®ÓеªÆøºÍ¼×Í飨¾ùΪÆøÌ壩µÄÆøÌå»ìºÏÎï100 g£¬ÒÑÖªº¬µªÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý