4 to convert a cheque into cash (cash)

5 to pass something into someone’s hands (hand) 6 to give someone something as a gift (gift) 7 to put money into the bank (bank)

2 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs you formed in Activity 1. 1 I’m afraid I can’t cash this for you, it hasn’t been signed.

2 Did you expect them to gift you the computer instead of getting you to pay for it? 3 After the match they bussed us all home. 4 I will text you as soon as I get to the station.

5 She handed me a copy of the report before the start of the meeting. 6 I advise you to bank all that money lying on your desk.

7 I’m exhausted. I’ve spent the whole of this week partying and having a good time.

prone / liable / subject + to

3 Rewrite the sentences using prone / liable / subject + to .

More than one choice is possible here, depending on how you understand a likely context. After all, they are similar in use and meaning but different choices are highly likely in certain contexts. 1 The train is often delayed on Sunday evenings.

The train is liable to delays on Sunday evenings. (There are staffing problems at weekends, especially on Sunday evenings.) The train is subject to delays on Sunday evenings. (There are particular regulations about Sunday travel.)

2 Zak is a child who often has accidents.

Zak is a child who is prone to accidents. (They are not his fault, he just seems accident-prone.) Zak is liable to have accidents. (He is careless and just doesn’t listen to advice about safety.) 3 She frequently gets headaches.

She is prone to headaches. (She will see a doctor to see if there is a medical reason but we don’t know the cause yet.) She is liable to get headaches. (Because those young children next door make so much noise.)

4 The loan requires a check on your financial situation.

The loan is subject to a check on your financial situation. (This is a legal requirement or a company regulation.)

5 Joe is a person who often arrives late.

Joe is liable to arrive late. (That’s Joe for you; you know him – never even tries to arrive on time!) Joe is prone to arrive late. (He lives near the river and the road is often flooded during this season so he may have to go by another route which takes much longer.) 6 She may well break the rules in order to get what she wants.

She is liable to break the rules to get what she wants. (She doesn’t care about rules and she is rather selfish and ambitious.)

where

4 Rewrite the sentences using where . 1 We may get to a situation in which rising taxes make it hard to be profitable.

We may get to a situation where rising taxes make it hard to be profitable. 2 This is the point with which I disagree. This is a point where I disagree.

3 My internship was an interesting experience during which I learnt how to deal with customers. My internship was an interesting experience where I learnt how to deal with customers. 4 This is the point in the year at which they usually give everyone a bonus. This is a point in the year where they usually give everyone a bonus.

5 Many people are now in a situation in which they cannot pay their debts. Many people are now in a situation where they cannot pay their debts. 6 I work in an office in which everyone feels at home. I work in an office where everyone feels at home.

collocations

5 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions from the collocation box. Sometimes more than one collocation is possible. 1 We were pushed out of the market by the tough competition.

2 All he really wants is a steady job to provide him with a regular income. 3 You made a smart decision when you left that company.

4 He’s been having a rather tough time lately, since he lost his job.

5 We use smart technology throughout the building. Everything is controlled by a central computer. 6 You’ve made a really valuable contribution to our organization, and we will miss you. 7 She gave me the most valuable advice about investments that I have ever had.

8 There is a dress code in most banks, and you will be expected to wear smart clothes. 9 Theirs is a very steady relationship. I expect they’ll get married quite soon.

6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese. Today, while most of us marry for romantic reasons, marriage at its core is still a financial union. So much of what we want – or don’t want – out of life boils down to dollars and cents, whether it’s how hard we choose to work, how much we consume or how much we save. For some people, it’s working 80-hour weeks to finance a third home and country club membership; for others, it means cutting back on office hours to spend more time with the family.

“A lot of the debates people have about money are code for how we want to live our lives,” said Betsey Stevenson, assistant professor of business and public policy at the University of

Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, who researches the economics of marriage and divorce. “A lot of the choices we make in how we want to live our lives involve how we spend our money.”

Making those choices as a team is one of the most important ways to preserve your marital assets, and your union, experts say. But it’s that much easier when you already share similar outlooks on money matters – or when you can, at the very least, find some middle ground.（注意灵活翻译某些名词，如romantic reasons, dollars and cents, code, union, as a team等。适当调整原文某些句子的语序以使译文更通顺。）

如今，尽管我们大多数人是因相爱而结婚，婚姻从根本上讲仍然是金钱上的结合。不管是选择工作的努力程度，还是决定消费多少或储蓄多少，我们生活中想要得到的——或不想得到的——许多东西归根结底都跟钱有关。对一些人来说，就是一周工作80小时来支付第三套房的房款和乡村俱乐部的会员费；对另一些人来说，意味着缩短上班时间，花更多的时间陪伴家人。

“有关钱的许多争论都事关生活方式的原则问题，而生活方式的许多选择则与如何花钱密切相关。”宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的商业及公共政策助理教授贝齐·史蒂文森如是说，他研究婚姻和离婚经济学。

专家们说，夫妻一起共同做出这些选择是维护婚姻资产及婚姻关系的最重要的方法之一。当然，如果夫妻双方一开始就在钱的问题上看法相似，或者至少能够在钱的问题上相互妥协，那么事情就好办多了。

7 Translate the paragraphs into English. 谈及目前经济萧条所带来的影响，学生活动的减少就是一个很好的例证。为了活跃校园生活，大学愿意划拨一部分资金来资助学生社团活动，但由于今年学校的预算大幅减少，对社团的资助也相应缩减了不少。显然，学生社团要恢复以前的活力就必须想办法克服自身的经济困难。有人主张招募更多会员，因为会员费的增加可以帮助他们度过难关。

当然，如果有更多的会员交年费，而且缩减一些日常开支，我们还是能省下一些钱来组织活动的。但是，问题的关键在于社团活动的费用与参加活动的人数是成正比的，因此这种方法恐怕不太可行。要推进社团活动，同时又不使经费超支，我们必须群策群力，拿出别的筹钱方法，而不是仅仅依赖学校拨款和会员费。(when it comes to; carve out; pare down; cut back on; bottom line; go into the red; pool; in lieu of)

When it comes to the effects of the current economic downturn, the decrease of student activities is a good case in point. To enliven campus life, the university is always willing to carve out money for activities organized by student clubs and societies, but such sponsorships have been pared down this year because of huge budget cut. Apparently, student organizations need to weather their own

financial crisis if they want to recover from their current state of inactiveness. Some suggest enrolling more club members, on the ground that the consequent increase of membership fees may help them get out of the difficulty.

No doubt, if we have more members paying the annual fee, and if we cut back on our daily

expenses, we can spare some money for organizing activities. But the bottom line is that the expenses of these activities are in proportion to the number of participants. I’m afraid this won’t be of much help. To boost student activities and to avoid going into the red, we still need to pool our ideas and come up with some other ways of raising money, in lieu of relying only on university grants and membership fees.

Translation of the passages Active reading (1)

信用卡陷阱

有一件事我得坦白。几年前，我排队为家人取戏票时，我的朋友也在为她的家人取票。我拿到了戏票，用信用卡付了帐，对这种非现金交易的便利感到很满意。然后就轮到她付款了，整个交易进行得和我的一样顺利，但我的高兴劲儿很快就变成了莫大的羞耻：我的信用卡太寒酸了，是不显示身份地位的黑蓝色，而她的信用卡则是高级的金卡。

她是怎样弄到金卡的？怎么会这样呢？我知道我挣的比她多，我的车比她的车新，我的家比她的家漂亮，她怎么看起来显得比我光鲜呢？

我有一份跟那时候任何工作相比还算安定的工作——即不太安定的工作，不过我也没什么可抱怨的。我是通过按揭贷款买的房子，可那会儿谁买房不贷款呢？我每个月底都付清信用卡欠款。所以，虽然从技术上讲我欠过信用卡公司的钱，但只是欠几个星期而已。所以我认为我

的信用等级应该很高。

你可以说我肤浅，我也不感到自豪。但就在当时当地我突然非常嫉妒那位朋友，我决定不要蓝色信用卡了，我要一张金卡。金卡突然变得不可或缺，它让我自我感觉良好，让别人觉得我更有魅力。

于是，我去信用卡公司申请最特别、最耀眼的金卡。 可是，我的申请被拒了。

过了几秒钟，我才从这个打击中回过神来，我问为什么。显然，因为我每次都按时全额付清信用卡欠债，所以我不是他们想要的那种金卡客户，他们的目标客户是那些随时有购物刷卡的冲动，有潜在信用风险，经不住诱惑超支消费，经常延期还款的人。这样他们才有机会收取更多的利息，挣更多的钱，这就是他们的经营之道。

这能够解释为什么信用卡公司会用超低利率诱惑像我们家孩子那样的贫穷大学生吗?

三个星期前，我的二女儿回家过周末。她在读大一第二学期。和她的大多数朋友一样，她借了三千英镑的学生贷款，并从她可怜的妈妈（哈！）那里得到小小的一笔生活费，用于支付交通、书本及其他生活费用。她穿的衣服是从当地的慈善二手店买来的，平时很少出门。她拥抱了我( 以前从不这样做)，然后说：“妈妈，我有事要跟您商量。”

“亲爱的，什么事啊？都说出来让我听听。”。

“我申请了一张信用卡，需要保证人，我可以填您的名字吗? 非常感谢，妈妈，我得赶快走啦，再见。”

我费了好大劲儿才把她从外面拽了回来。原来她的银行来信告诉她说：她可以申请一张三个月试用期内低息贷款的信用卡，只要合适……云云。她的银行！我才不相信他们！他们甚至比我更清楚她一贫如洗。

这里存在一个严重的问题：准确地说这种卡应该叫欠债卡，他们为什么要称它们为信用卡？ 还有一个故事更严重。我一个朋友的女儿凯丽在大学攻读现代语言，其中有一年要到国外交流。在出国交流那一年的某段时间，由于程序上的变动，凯丽的银行切断了她在英国之外访问帐户资金的权限。通过书信同银行交涉的时间相当长，未能即时访问帐户资金使得她欠了银行的债，欠款额超过了透支额度（1500 英镑）200 多英镑。

凯丽回国后，银行因为她超支扣了她100 英镑，并坚持要她每月支付30 英镑，以使她的超支数额回到透支额度之内。但他们没有告诉她，每月支付30 英镑并不是偿清欠款，而是支付超额支出的巨额利息。

因此凯丽不得不求助于信用卡，在这之前她对信用卡的使用一直非常小心谨慎。由于她是学生，又因为她很少使用信用卡，自然她的信用额度就比较低。

毫不奇怪，她甚至无法偿还信用卡账单里的最小还款数。所以她不仅欠银行手续费，而且还欠信用卡的债务及利息。当然，她因此被银行登记为信用风险高的人。

事情越来越糟。大学最后一年刚过几个月，银行通知她：她的透支额度由1500 英镑减少到1000英镑，他们让她申请学生贷款来填补缺口。可是，贷款公司检查她的银行信用时发现了她的信用卡债务。

猜猜怎么着？她没有申请到学生贷款。

凯丽是个讨人喜欢的孩子，消费节制有度，生活节俭。她并没有疯狂刷卡买鞋，也没有把信用卡当成时髦玩意儿（不像我），她只是用信用卡购买生存所必需的食品。

结果怎样呢？结果是：她不得不退学。

我希望凯丽的故事会有个好的结果，也许会有好结果。现在，她在当地的一家超市工作，等她还清债务后可能会继续完成大学学业。

这就是银行的所作所为。他们常常利用我们的虚荣和贪婪，有时也利用我们生存的基本需求给我们设下陷阱。等我们掉进陷阱时，他们会大喊：“抓住你啦！你当初没想到这是个陷阱吧？”

这就是我们现在的处境：随着世界经济一落千丈，我们都处在信贷危机之中。所有这一切都是因为邪恶的银行家通过大量广告推销他们压根就不存在的贷款来吸引我们，设圈套让我们钻。现在真相大白了：他们也在用自己手中金光闪闪的金卡借钱！

我有一个破解信用卡圈套的办法，各位且听我细细道来。__

我要你们把所有的信用卡拿来排成一排，拿一把大剪子把它们剪成碎片，然后把碎片装进信封寄回银行，附上一封信，上面（或多或少地）写上：“我信任你，可你却欺骗了我。你让全世界的人都钻进了这个荒谬的信用卡圈套。我把你的卡剪成了两半，除掉你从像我这样的老实人身上骗钱的潜力，也许也该让你来体验一下身无分文的滋味了。”

至于我本人，我再也不用信用卡了，再也不要身份的象征了，再也不用费心思去炫耀我比别人优越多少了。我再也不会渴望我无力购买或我无法得到的东西了。

Active reading (2)

婚姻幸福的奥秘是什么？金钱是关键

假如你询问已婚人士婚姻成功的奥秘在哪里，他们可能不会说那是因为找到了持相同金钱观的知己。

但如果他们幸运的话，他们一定是找到了这样的知己。和金钱观相同的人结婚很可能就是一辈子最聪明的财务决策。事实上，就财务而言，婚姻可能是你最有价值的资产——或者最大的一笔债务。

为爱而结婚是一个相对较近的现象。数世纪以来，婚姻都是包办的，家庭的联姻或出于经济、政治目的，或是便于家境不好的人集资。

如今，尽管我们大多数人是因相爱而结婚，婚姻从根本上讲仍然是金钱上的结合。不管是选择工作的努力程度，还是决定消费多少或储蓄多少，我们生活中想要得到的——或不想得到的——许多东西归根结底都跟钱有关。对一些人来说，就是一周工作80 小时来支付第三套房的房款和乡村俱乐部的会员费；对另一些人来说，意味着缩短上班时间，花更多的时间陪伴家人。

“有关钱的许多争论都事关生活方式的原则问题，而生活方式的许多选择则与如何花钱密切相关。”宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的商业及公共政策助理教授贝齐·史蒂文森如是说，他研究婚姻和离婚经济学。

专家们说，夫妻一起共同做出这些选择是维护婚姻资产及婚姻关系的最重要的方法之一。当然，如果夫妻双方一开始就在钱的问题上看法相似，或者至少能够在钱的问题上相互妥协，那么事情就好办多了。

联姻的经济效益很可观，但离婚的代价却是灾难性的，尤其是有了小孩之后。毫不奇怪，金钱也造成了许多夫妻的不和。

新泽西州秀特山市的离婚律师苏珊·里奇·温特斯说：“大多数人认为婚姻破裂是因为性或孩子的问题。这些的确是问题，但金钱也是导致婚姻破裂的一个重要因素。”

并非每个人都能找到金钱观一致的伴侣，当然找不到也不一定就成问题。在金钱的问题上，有几种方法能让你和你的另一半保持协调，共同富裕。

下面这些指导原则是由婚姻成功人士以及心理学、离婚和理财专家共同编写的：

互相交流，确定共同目标 步入婚姻殿堂之前，男女双方要聊聊各自的财务状态及目标。他们要互相问对方一些棘手的问题：我们要不要孩子？什么时候要？谁来照看孩子？要送他们上公立学校还是私立学校？我们想过怎样的生活？我们什么时候退休？

理财规划人卡伦?阿尔特费斯特与她的丈夫刘易斯在纽约经营L.J. 阿尔特费斯特财务管理公司，她说：“在我为夫妇设计的理想方案中，夫妇双方每周都要碰头讨论家庭的财务问题。这样，他们才能保持目标一致。”

一起制订目标 杰里·巴拉德今年58 岁，曾在休斯敦担任过保险总监。他说他和结婚36 年