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永宁县回民高级中学高三英语导学案——被动语态专项复习与练习 一、学习目标：被动语态的复习与应用 二、课内探究： (一) 语态概述

英语的语态是通过_________形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：__________和______________。主动语态表示主语是动作的____________。被动语态表示主语是动作的____________，即行为动作的对象。

(1)This jacket is made of cotton. 这件上衣是棉料的。

(2) Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 要求参观者不可触摸展品。 (3) You are said to be active recently. 据说你最近很活跃。

三、自主复习

1、动词的语态有两种：一种是主动语态（主语是动作的执行者．．．），另一种是被动语态（主语是动作的承受者．．．

）。 请用be动词来反映时态的变化，写出八种时态的被动语态： 时态 主动语态 被动语态 实例 一般现在时 Such things are only eaten by animals. 一般过去时 The letter was posted last night. 一般将来时 A new school will be opened soon. 现在进行时 My bicycle is being reparied now 过去进行时 She discovered that she was being closely watched. 过去将来时 He said that the bridge would be built next year. 现在完成时 The papers have not been signed yet. 过去完成时 Book1 had been fineshed till last week. 情态动词 Many more trees should (can,could be planted by us. must,ought to may,might , shall,should will ,would )

四．请将下列句子变成被动语态

1. We speak English. ____________________________________ 2. We cleaned the classroom yesterday. _____________________________________ 3. Tom broke the window. ______________________________________ 4. We will write a diary next class. _____________________________________ 5. Tom is going to hold a birthday party. __________________________________ 6. 8. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.

7. We have to finish our homework on time. ___________________________________ 8. Some workers are painting the rooms now． ___________________________________ 9. We have made twenty more keys ____________________________________________ 10. They would have a party the next day. ________________________________________ 11. They had finished their homework the time I arrived home. ____________________ 12.The Nazi troops were surrounding St Petersburg at that time. _____________________ 五、考点归纳

1.不及物动词和不及物动词短语无被动结构，如：die, end ,fail , happen , last , spread , come true break out，take place ,belong to 等

1.The meeting will last three days.(会议将持续三天） 2.My love for you will never die.(我对你的爱将不会终止） 3.How does the story end?(这个故事的结局如何） 4.Taiwan blongs to China .(台湾属于中国）

5.Your dream will come true as long as you study hard（.只要你认真学习，你的梦想一定会实现） 6.Great changes have taken place in our country in recent years.(我们国家最近几年发生了很大的变化） 2. 不定式的被动结构：基本构成： to be done 完成被动：to have been done The play to be produced next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture

3.It is said / reported / hoped / believed that … 据说……/据报导……/希望……/有人相信…… =sb./ sth. be said to do / to have done

It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. 4. 被动语态和系表结构的区别

被动语态强调动作； 系表结构表主语的特点或状态。

练一练：The pilot asked all the passengers to remain ____（seat）as the plane was making a landing. 5. 主动形式表被动意义。

①当系动词feel、look、smell、taste、sound、appear 、seem 、prove 、go 、turn 、stay 、become 、fall 、get 、grow 等后面接形容词或名词构成系表结构； The fish smells good. 鱼闻起来香。

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His hair turned grey last year.

②表示主语某种属性的动词，如cut、read、sell、wear、write、drive 、wash 、cook 、dry等词后往往接副词作状语。

This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。 These novels won’t sell well.这些小说不畅销。 These clothes dry easily .这些衣服容易干。 6.被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。 ①be seated坐着

He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.）坐在凳子上。 ②be hidden躲藏

He was hidden behind the door. (He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在门后。 ③be lost迷路 ④be drunk喝醉 ⑤be dressed穿着

The girl who was dressed in a red short skirt was drunk and lost. 7. 常见的主动表被动的结构

1） 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

eg.The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。

2） 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

e.gThe picture-book is well worth reading（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．） 六：练一练

1.Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to ___（change)before the party. 2.The water___ (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 3.My money has _______(run). Would you like to give me some? 4.I feel it is your husband who ______(blame)for the spoiled child. 5.A red sky in the morning ______(say） to be a sign of bad weather.

6.The girl_________(dress)in a red short skirt.7.The pen _______(write)very well. 8.This kind of sweater _____(sell)well. 9.Peking Opera _________（sound） beautiful. 10. Good medicine ________(taste ) bitter. 七．请用所给词的适当形式填空

1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month. 3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

4. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday. 5. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already. 6. The cinema ______ _____ (build) in 1985. 7. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here. 8.The children_________________(take care of)by their aunt. 9.Trees ____________(plant)this time last year.

10.100 tractors _______________(produce)by the end of last year. 11.The May 4th Movement ___________（take place )in 1919. 12.The room needs _______________(clean).

13. It __________(say)that the boy has passed the national exam. 八．单句改错

1. Only after my friend came did the computer repaired.

2. It is said that the early European playing-cards designed for entertainment and education. 3. More patients have treated in hospital this year than last year.

4. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had completed in Beijing 5.

After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment damaged. 6.7.

The People’s Republic of China was found on October 1, 1949. 8.

Wet clothes are often hanged up near a fire in rainy weather.

This kind of cloth washed well. 九．语篇填空

Welcome to our school. I’d like to introduce you plans for our school. A lot of work1____________ (do) in the few years. The library 2____________ (complete) and is ready for use. But we still have to do more work. A new biology lab 3_________ (build) this year. But we don’t have enough money for the equipment. Students in all grades 4___________ (collect) money. The money which is collected 5__________(spend) on new equipment.

At present, a plan 6___________(make) for a party at the end of the term, at which wonderful performances 7_________(put) on. The gardens of the school 8______________(improve) this year. New trees 9____________ (plant) which will soon give shade in summer. The whole school 10 _____________(paint) during the summer holidays. In fact, our school is becoming more and more beautiful.