SHANDONGＵＮＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹ ＯＦ ＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＹ

毕业论文

活性炭吸附印染废水中结晶紫的研究

学 院： 化学工程学院 专 业：

化学

学生姓名： 刘希帅

学 号： 0911081025

指导教师： 迟守娟

2013 年 6月

摘 要

摘 要

染料废水的脱色一直是一个难题，方法虽然很多但都具有一定的局限性。活性炭是一种优良的吸附剂，特别适用于染料废水的脱色。研究染料废水的活性炭吸附对减少环境污染，节约成本，促进活性炭处理染料废水的发展具有实际意义。

本文以结晶紫水溶液模拟印染废水，并采用活性炭作为吸附剂对结晶紫溶液进行吸附。研究活性炭在不同条件下对结晶紫的吸附性的影响，活性炭对印染废水中染色剂的除去效果。在此主要探究初始浓度、吸附时间、溶液pH、吸附温度对吸附效果的影响。探究表明，随着时间的增加，活性炭对结晶紫的吸附逐渐达到平衡，吸附率逐渐趋于平缓。当pH逐渐增大时，活性炭吸附率逐渐增大直至pH为弱碱性最大。随温度的升高，吸附率的变化不大。 关键词：活性炭吸附，印染废水，结晶紫

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Abstract

Abstract

Decolorization of dye wastewater has always been a difficult problem, although many but has some limitations. Activated carbon is an excellent adsorbent, especially suitable for the decolorization of dye wastewater. Study of activated carbon adsorption dye wastewater to reduce environmental pollution, save cost, promote the development of activated carbon treatment of dye wastewater has practical significance.

Based on the crystal violet solution simulated printing and dyeing wastewater, and using activated carbon as adsorbent for adsorption of crystal violet solution. Research on activated carbon under different conditions on the influence of the adsorption of crystal violet, activated carbon for stain removal effect in printing and dyeing wastewater. Here mainly to explore the initial concentration, adsorption time, solution pH, adsorption temperature on the adsorption effect. Exploration indicates that with the increase of time, activated carbon adsorption of crystal violet gradually achieve balance, adsorption rate gradually leveling off. When the pH increase gradually, activated carbon adsorption rate increased gradually until the pH for weak alkali is the largest. Along with the temperature increases, changes in the rate of adsorption is not big.

Key words: Activated carbon adsorption, printing and dyeing wastewater, crystal violet

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目 录

目 录

摘 要 ........................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. II 目 录 ......................................................................................................................... III 第一章 引 言 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 选题背景 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 活性炭 ................................................................................................................. 1 1.2.1 活性炭概述 .................................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 活性炭吸附特性 ............................................................................................ 2 1.3印染废水现状 ...................................................................................................... 3 1.3.1印染废水来源 ................................................................................................. 3 1.3.2印染废水的水质 ............................................................................................. 3 1.4活性炭吸附理论 .................................................................................................. 4 1.5结晶紫 .................................................................................................................. 5 第二章 实验 ................................................................................................................. 6 2.1实验原料和药品 .................................................................................................. 6 2.2实验仪器 .............................................................................................................. 9 2.3实验内容 ............................................................................................................ 10 2.3.1 活性炭的研磨 .............................................................................................. 10 2.3.2 标准曲线的测定与绘制 .............................................................................. 10 2.3.3 溶液浓度对活性炭吸附的影响 .................................................................. 11 2.3.4 吸附时间对活性炭吸附的影响 .................................................................. 12

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目 录

2.3.5 PH对活性炭吸附的影响 ............................................................................ 12 2.3.6 温度对活性炭吸附的影响 .......................................................................... 12 2.3.7 吸附等温线 .................................................................................................. 13 第三章 结果与讨论 ................................................................................................... 14 3.1溶液初始浓度对活性炭吸附效果的影响 ........................................................ 14 3.2 吸附时间对活性炭吸附的影响 ....................................................................... 16 3.3 PH对活性炭吸附的影响 .................................................................................. 17 3.4 温度对活性炭吸附的影响 ............................................................................... 19 3.5 活性炭吸附的不足 ........................................................................................... 20 3.6 活性炭吸附印染废水的前景 ........................................................................... 20 结 论 ......................................................................................................................... 21 参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 22 致 谢 ......................................................................................................................... 23

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