第1章 气体
一、单选题
1、某气体AB，在高温下建立下列平衡∶AB(g)==A(g)＋B(g).若把1.00mol此气体在T =300K，P =101 kPa下放在某密闭容器中，加热到600K时，有25.0%解离。此时体系的内部压力(kPa)为 ( )
A． 253 B． 101 C． 50.5 D． 126
2、一敞口烧瓶在 7℃ 时盛满某种气体 ，欲使 1/3 的气体逸出烧瓶 ，需加热到 （ ）
A． 100℃ B． 693 ℃ C． 420 ℃ D． 147 ℃
3、实际气体和理想气体更接近的条件是 ( )
A． 高温高压 B. 低温高压 C. 高温低压 D. 低温低压
4、Ａ，Ｂ两种气体在容器中混合，容器体积为V，在温度T下测得压力为 P，VA ，VB 分别为两气体的分体积，PA ，PB 为两气体的分压，下列算式中不正确的一个是 ( )
A. PVA = nART B. PAVA =nA RT
C. PAV= nA RV D. PA (VA+VB )= nA RT
5、某容器中加入相同物质的量的NO和Cl2，在一定温度下发生反应：NO(g)+1/2Cl2NOCl(g)。平衡时，各物种分压的结论肯定错误的是 （ ） A. P(NO)=P(Cl2) B. P(NO)=P(NOCl) C. P(NO)
6、The height of a column of liquid supported by atmospheric pressure is inversely proportional to the density of the liquid. Mercury has a density of 13.6 g/mL. How high
a column of water (density = 1.00 g/mL) would be supported by an atmospheric pressure of 0.876 atm? ( )
A. 9.05×103 mm
B. 1.03×104 mm
C. 49.0 mm
D. 11.9 mm
7、If you purchase a balloon filled with helium and take it outside on a cold day, you will notice that it shrinks and becomes less buoyant. What gas law explains this observation? ( )
A. Boyle's
B. Charles's
C. Avogadro's
D. Graham's
8、A sample of gas occupies 10.0 L at 50°C. Assuming that pressure is constant, what volume will the gas occupy at 100°C? ( )
A. 10.0 L
B. 20.0 L
C. 11.5 L
D. 5.0 L
9、What is the Charles's law constant (in L/K) for 200 mg of carbon dioxide at 600 mm pressure? ( )
A. 4.73 10–4 L/K
B. 5.64 10–3 L/K
C. 42.0 L/K
D. 2.11 103 L/K
10、At a given temperature and pressure, which gas occupies the smallest volume per unit mass? ( )
A O2
B. Ar
C. CO2
D. Xe
11、At what temperature (in °C) will 25.0 g of carbon dioxide (at 1.00 atm) occupy. ( )
A. 188°C
B 461°C
C. –263°C
D. –270°C
12、What is the molar mass of a gas that has a density of 3.11 g/L at 100°C and 1.50 atm pressure? ( )
A. 0.152 g/mol
B. 95.2 g/mol
C. 17.0 g/mol
D. 63.5 g/mol
13、What volume of N2 gas would be produced by the decomposition of 35.0 g NaN3 solid? (Assume that the gas is produced at 1.00 atm pressure and 150°C.) ( )
A 28.0 L
B. 9.95 L
C. 18.7 L
D. 56.1 L
14、At what temperature would CO2 gas have the same average molecular speed as O2 gas has at 400 K? ( )
A. 250 K
B. 550 K
C. 400 K
D. 600K
15、How much faster does nitrogen escape from the balloon than oxygen? ( )
A. 1.07 times faster
B. 1.14 times faster
C. 0.875 times as fast
D. 0.935 times as fast
二、判断题（判断下列各项叙述是否正确，对，打“√”；错，打“×”。）
1、与理想气体相比，真实气体的相互作用力偏小。 （ × ） 2、总压100Kpa的某气含A与B两种气体，A的摩尔分数为0.20，则B的分压为80KPa。 （ √ ） 3、理想气体状态方程仅在足够低的压力和较高的温度下才适合于真实气体。 （ √ ） 4、理想气体的假想情况之一是认定气体分子本身的体积很小。 （ × ） 5、理想气体混合物中，某组分的体积分数等于其摩尔分数。 （ √ ） 三、填空题
1、将 N2和H2 按 1：3 的体积比装入一密闭容器中，在 400 ℃ 和 10 MPa 下 达到平衡时，NH3 的体积分数为39% ，这时PNH3 = MPa，PN2 = MPa，PH2 = MPa 。