合肥六中2015年高考英语二轮复习专题（四）

形容词和副词

一．《考试说明》的内容及要求

形容词和副词是中学英语的重要组成部分，也是高考考查的热点之一。主要考查形容词、副词的基本用法及其比较等级。考查范围涉及形容词比较级、最高级;同级比较时倍数及名词的位置、副词(词组)的意思、用法及位置等；比较等级及其修饰语；在特定的语境中选择恰当的词语。其实如果仅仅从单选来看形容词和副词是非常目光短浅的。以2014年完形填空为例，安徽省高考完形靠形容词和副词的选项有5题，占单项题量的1/4；全国卷更是达到8-9个，几乎占据半壁江山。更不要说阅读理解中，读者对短文中形容词和副词的把握程度直接决定对整篇文章的思想情感理解的准确度，进而直接影响阅读的得分。另外，任务型读写中，有3处考察形容词和副词。 二．分析高考单选试题，管中窥豹。

1.全国六年形容词、副词考点分布： 考点 年份 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 年份 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 题号 27，33 30、33 34 31 31 24 2 1 1 3 3 2 考点 形容词词义辨析，副词词义辨析 形容词词组辨析，比较结构句型 副词基本用法 副词基本用法 形容词辨析（状语） 副词辨析 5 2 3 3 5 16 20 17 14 11 11 形／副基本用法 形／副比较等级 形／副辨析 2．近六年安徽省高考考点分布及命题趋势：

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3. 近年，安徽高考对形容词副词的考查以辨析为热点，占总体量的71%。 4. 安徽高考还对形容词做状语进行了考查（2010， 31）。 三． 一轮复习中存在的问题

从一轮复习的授课和几次段考的情况来看，形容词副词专题中学生出现的主要问题集中在：1. 形容词比较级和最高级常用句型掌握不熟；2. 近义形容词副词语义差别不清；3. 特殊句式不知道，如倍数表达法，带有否定词的比较级等。 四． 教学重点和教学策略

就一轮复习中存在的问题，本专题就以上几方面进行重点训练。

教学策略：1. 针对性的讲解，帮助学生理解、记忆并学会使用。2. 专项训练，巩固知识。 五． 专题教学主要内容

1、形容词、副词比较级，最高级常用句型

形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most 项 目 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as… 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，比较级 （+ than）”的结构表示。 例 句 She is as tall as her mother. I am not as/ so good a player as you are. This picture is more beautiful than that one. I have never seen a more interesting film . 表示一方不及另一方时，用“less + 原This room is less beautiful than that one. 级 + than”的结构表示。也可用‘not This room is so/as beautiful as that one. This is not as/so beautiful a room as that one. as/so…as…的结构。 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the The harder you work, the more progress you will make more…the more…”句型 I have never spent a more worrying day. You cannot find a better place like this city. He is more diligent than any other one in his class. He is more diligent than any of the others in his class. The last thing I want to do is to offend you.我最不愿意做的就是惹你生气。 用比较级来表达最高级的意思 用the last表示“最不可能的”,“最不希望的”等 注意：1. 可以修饰比较级的程度副词或词组有：far, any, rather, much, many, a lot, even, a bit, a little, by far, a great deal；(any用于否定句或疑问句)

Eg. This book is much more interesting than that one.

He works far harder than I. Cf. I work hard but he works harder by far. Are you feeling any better?

I am not feeling any better than yesterday.

2. 可以修饰最高级的单词或词组有: the very, by far, the first, the second等 Eg. He is by far the tallest one in his class.

The Yellow River is the second longest in China. She is the very cleverest student in the class.

3.表示“最高程度”的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect， junior, senior, major等。

Eg. English is my favourite subject.

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Among the students in the lecture hall, his answer is perfect. He is two years senior to me,yet he looks younger. 4. 要注意题干中将比较的另一方隐藏起来的情况。

Eg. Every morning, she weighs to see if she has got any heavier. 5. the +比较级，the +比较级“越??越??”

The harder he studies , the greater progress he will make .

6. 比较最高级--- 强调两者中之最的特殊表现形式 : the ---er of the two. He is the taller of the two/He is the tallest of the three. Of the two books, this is the better one.

7. more than 前者程度高于后者/ no more than 前后相比差不多（都不多） She is more than a kind lady to the soldiers. I have no more than ten yuan. 8. more…than.. 与其…倒不如说 He was more frightened than hurt. She is more of a teacher than a writer.

9. ?the most?和 ?a most?的区别。?the most +adj/adv? 表达最高级‘a most +adj/adv’表示一个非常。。。的人/物。

Eg. Dalian is a most beautiful coastal city. 大连是一座美丽的海滨城市。

Dalian is the most beautiful coastal city in China. 大连是中国最美丽的海滨城市。 2、形容词的倍数表达法

1） 倍数 + as + 原级形容词 + as ... Eg. This road is three times as long as that one.

2） 倍数 + the size / length / width / depth / height of ... Eg. The river is five times the width of that one. 3） 倍数 + 比较级 + than + 被比较对象 Eg. The sun is a million times larger than the earth. 4) 倍数/ double + what it was/is..

Eg. His weight is double what it was ten years ago.

5) 倍数+as many+可数名词复数+as …/倍数+as much+不可数名词+as… Eg. There are twice as many books in this library as in that one. This food contains three times as much protein as that food.

3、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序

限定语（The、A）+ 描绘性形容词(beautiful) + size（大小、长短、高低）+ shape（形状）+ age（年龄、时间）+ color（颜色）+ origin（国籍、来源）+ material（材 料）+use(用途) +名词。 可以用下面口诀帮助记忆：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。 Eg. This ________ girl is Linda?s cousin.

A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish (D)

4、单个形容词修饰名词一般在名词之前(前置定语).但有些形容词只能做后置定语主要是以’a’打头的形容

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