毕 业 论 文

发动机曲轴工艺设计

摘 要

曲轴是发动机上的一个重要的旋转机件，装上连杆后，可承接活塞的上下(往复)运动变成循环运动。曲轴主要有两个重要加工部位：主轴颈和连杆颈。主轴颈被安装在缸体上，连杆颈与连杆大头孔连接，连杆小头孔与汽缸活塞连接，是一个典型的曲柄滑块机构。发动机工作过程就是：活塞经过混合压缩气的燃爆，推动活塞做直线运动，并通过连杆将力传给曲轴，由曲轴将直线运动转变为旋转运动。而曲轴加工的好坏将直接影响着发动机整体性能的表现。曲轴的材料一般为35、40、45钢或球墨铸铁QT600-2，曲轴有两个重要部位：主轴颈，连杆颈。本次采用45钢，设计的主要就是这两方面的在数控机床的

加工。集合多种的曲轴加工后，深入分析了曲轴的加工工艺。

关键词：曲轴 主轴劲 夹具 连杆劲 数控加工

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Abstract

The crankshaft is an important engine rotating parts, fitted with linking, you can undertake up and down the piston (reciprocating) motion into circular motion. The crankshaft main two important processing areas: the main journal and rod neck. Spindle neck to be installed on the cylinder block, connecting rod journal and connecting rod hole connection, connect the connecting rod small end hole and the cylinder piston, is a typical slider-crank mechanism. Engine working process: the piston after the blasting of the mixed compressed gas pushes the piston linear motion and force to the crankshaft through the connecting rod, the linear motion into rotary motion by the crankshaft. The crankshaft processing will directly affect the overall performance of the engine performance. The material of the crankshaft is made of carbon structural steel or ductile iron, there are two important areas: the main journal rod neck. This paper introduces the fixture design of the engine crankshaft process design of the two processes. Ensure product quality, increase productivity, reduce costs, make full use of the existing production conditions to ensure workers have designed under the premise of a good and safe working conditions. In process design, the author combines practical theory of design, traditional crankshaft production process improvements, optimizing processes and process equipment, production and processing more economical and reasonable so that the crankshaft. Fixture design part of the collection of processing machine tools, cutting tools and auxiliary tools and other relevant information used based on the workpiece material, structural features, technical requirements and process analysis, in accordance with the fixture design steps to design a line with the crankshaft production process and fixture manufacturing requirements of the fixture.

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