域都成了先驱。他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。

汉译英原文： 水墨画（ ink and wash painting ）是中国独

具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、 提高和完善。 水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干 从而达到独特的审 湿浓淡的层次。 水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标 美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，准。

Keys： Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China,

is representative ofChinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and

Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development,

improvementand perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting,i.e,

brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features

of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness,

of water, infiltrationink, and riceand integrationthinness. thickness wetness, and The paper

enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink

and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as

the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings.

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Unit 4

英译中原文： Venice is the world's famous island city in

northern Italy. Founded in the 5th century, Venice became a major maritime power in the 10th century. In the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Venice was a major center for commerce and trade, and

became an extremely wealthy European city, a leader in political and economic affairs.

After several hundred years in power, Venice began to decline in the 15th century.

Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the world's most beautiful cities and one of the most

important tourist destinations in the world. Venice has a rich and diverse architectural several for also known the Gothic style. Venice is is style, the most famous of which important artistic movements in history, especially the Renaissance period. The influence of

Venice on the development of architecture and arts has been considerable. Today, it is still playing an important role in

contemporary arts and popular cultures. In

1987, Venice was listed as a World Heritage Site. In March 1980, Venice became a

sister city of China's Suzhou City. Keys： 威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。威尼斯建立于公元5 世纪，在公元

10 世纪时成为一支重要的海上力量。在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商

贸中心，是当时欧洲极为富裕的城市， 在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。 几百年的兴盛之后，威尼斯在 15 世纪开始衰落。如今，威尼斯被公认为是全世界最美的城市之一， 也是全世界最重要的旅游胜地之一。 威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样， 其中最出名的是哥特

式风格。威尼斯还因历史上的几次重要的艺术运动而闻名， 特别是文艺复兴时期。 威尼斯对建筑和艺术的发展影响巨大。 至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重

要作用。 1987 年，威尼斯被列入《世界遗产名录》。 1980 年 3 月，威尼斯与中国苏州结为“友好城市”。

汉译英原文： 丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多山。丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山脚下，是一座风景秀丽的历史文化名城，也是我国保存完好的少数民族古城之一。丽江古城始建于南宋，距今约有 800 年的历史。丽江不仅历史悠久，而且民族众多，少数民族人口占全区人口的半数以上。随着丽江旅游业的发展，到丽江

1997 年 12 月，丽江古城申报世界文化遗产古城观光游览的中外游客日益增多。

获得成功，填补了中国在世界文化遗产中无历史文化名城的空白。

Keys： Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan

Province. The old town

of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic

'-preservedalsoawellold townbeauty and known for its history and culture. It

work ofof ethnicwith featuresminorities.the old townwasThe construction

started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now. Not only does

Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make

up over a half of the total population in the region. With the booming of Lijiang

tourism, theold townof Lijiang isreceivinga growingnumberof touristsfrom

town succeeded in applying to behome and abroad. In December 1997, the old

named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical

and cultural city in China on the World Cultural Heritage List.

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Unit 5

英译中原文： The English ceremony of afternoon tea dates back

to the 1840s. The tradition

evolved out of the rituals and routines that surrounded tea drinking in Britain before that

time. Tea was first introduced to England in the late 1650s, but for a