5will和would的用法 (1)表示意志、意愿和决心。 —Please don't tell anybody. —I won't. I promise. ——请别告诉任何人。 ——我不会的，我保证。
I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen. 我已再三告诉他戒烟，但是他就是不听。
(2)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。 Every morning he will have a walk along this river. 每天早晨，他总是沿着小河散步。
(3)would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
He would go to bed strictly at 9, and on Sundays would not have lunch anywhere except in that restaurant.
他总是严格地9点上床睡觉。星期日总在那家饭店吃午饭。
6should的用法
(1)表示一种“义务或职责”，通常理解为“应该”。 You should take the medicine with a full glass of water. 你应该用满满一杯水来服这种药。 (2)表示惊奇、赞叹、不满等情绪。
It never occurred to me that she should lie to me again. 我从来没有想到她竟然又骗我。
[典例4] We can't imagine that two children ________ be killed by the washing machine of their house.
[解析] should 考查情态动词用法。句意：我们无法想象两个孩子竟然被家里的洗衣机绞死了。should“竟然”。
[典例5] [2015·山东菏泽一中期末]When we worked in the same office several years ago, we ________ often go to the cinema together.
[解析] would 考查情态动词的用法。根据when引导的时间状语可知，此空表示的是在过去总是发生的事情，故填would。
考点二 情态动词表推测
1情态动词表对现在情况的推测
(1)can用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，．．．．．．意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，can't意为“不．．．可能”，语气很强烈。
①It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes. 我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。
②Mr Bush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the meeting?
布什先生做什么事情都很准时，他怎么可能开会迟到呢？ ③—Let's visit Tom together, Stephen.
—There's no need to do so.He can't be at home, because I saw him board the flight to Beijing this morning.
——Stephen，咱们一起去拜访汤姆吧。
——没必要这样做。他一定不在家，因为今天早晨我看见他登上了飞往北京的航班。 (2)may/might用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测，意为“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，may not意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。
—What are you doing this Saturday?
—I'm not sure, but I might go to the Rolling Stones concert. ——本周六你打算做什么？
——说不准，不过或许我会去滚石演唱会。
(3)must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can/could)。
—It's the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here. —Oh，sorry.
——这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。 ——噢，对不起。
(4)should用来表示推测时意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。 There shouldn't be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
因为你在驾校训练了那么多，通过路考应该没什么困难。
[典例6] [2015·福建泉州五校摸底]The program Where Are We Going, Dad? shows that the children ________ be really annoying at times, but after a while, you'll get used to them.
[解析] can 考查情态动词用法。根据语境可知此处表示客观的可能性，意为“有时会……”，故填can。
[典例7] [2015·浙江重点中学检测]There ________ be any difficulty about winning the speech contest now that you're well prepared for it.
[解析] shouldn't 考查情态动词用法。根据语境可知，此处表达“按道理来说应当如此”的意思，结合句意可知填shouldn't。
[典例8] [2015·北京东城区期末]A journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts, for the writer's impressions ________ colour the telling of events.
[解析] might 考查情态动词的用法。根据“not necessarily a reliable record”可知，此空表示“可能性不大”，故填might。
2情态动词对过去情况的推测
基本构成：情态动词＋have done用法如下：
续表
[典例9] [2015·四川绵阳二诊]Mr Jackson ________ have got the good news, for he looks so excited.
[解析] must 考查情态动词的用法。根据下文“for he looks so excited”可知，该空表示肯定性推测，故填must。
[典例10] [2015·北京东城区一模]—The fire in the supermarket last night was terrible! —They ________ have taken some measures to prevent it occurring.
[解析] should 考查情态动词用法。根据语境和句意，此处表示“本应该做而未做的事”，故填should。
考点三 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
1虚拟语气在非真实性条件句中的基本形式 与现在事实相反的假设 虚拟条件从句 主语＋if＋主语＋动词的过去式(be动词用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形 主句 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设 主语＋if＋主语＋had＋过去分词 1.if＋主语＋动词的过去式 2.if＋主语＋were to＋动词原形 3.if＋主语＋should＋动词原形 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 主语＋should/would/could/might＋动词原形 2当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应调整。
Maybe if I had studied science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
也许如果当时我学习的是理科而不是文科的话，那么我现在就可以给你更多的帮助了。
3if省略句
在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。 Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.
如果那时我了解这个电脑程序的话，那么我会省下大量的时间和精力。
4含蓄条件句
有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句。其主要表现形式是：
用with, without, but for, under, or, if only等构成的结构代替条件状语从句。如： ①Without your help, we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time. ＝But for your help，...
＝If it had not been for your help，... ＝Had it not been for your help，...
没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。
②He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.(连词)
他打电话告诉了我你的生日，否则，我对此一点都不知道。 ③But for their help, we could not have finished the program in time. 如果没有他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那个项目。
注意：该考点中注意逆向考查方式，即：常规考查时，一般考查虚拟语气的结构；而逆向考查时，虚拟语气是情景，考查真实的情况。
[典例11] [2015·浙江温州一模]Without my parents' encouragement and support, I definitely ________ (be) where I am today.
[解析] wouldn't be 考查虚拟语气的用法。“without＋名词短语”引出的虚拟条件，主句表示与现在事实相反，故填wouldn't be。
[典例12] [2015·北京朝阳区一模]If it ________ (repair) earlier, the printing machine would not have broken down.