短语动词和句型的考点讲解和训练 短语动词的分类1. 动词＋介词(1) Tom ② Don’t laugh at others.①如：这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。等。look for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 常见的有 asked his parents for a bike. 动词＋副词(2)等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,常见的有 边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如： Please don’t forget to hand it in.② You’ll hand in your homework tomorrow.① 动词＋副词＋介词(3) Go on and I’ll catch up with you in five minutes.①如：这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。等。go on with, catch up with 常见的有 After a short rest, he went on with his research work. ② 动词＋名词＋介词(4) You should pay 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：①take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 常见的有 We should make full use of our time. ②attention to your handwriting. 动词＋形容词(5)等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边；宾语如leave open, set free, cut open常见的有 He cut it open. ②The prisoners were set free. 果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：① 动词＋名词(6)This story took place three years ago.①如：这类短语动词用作不及物动词。等。take place, make friends常见的有I make friends with ② a lot of people. 短语动词的辨析2. ) 组成或构成……由be made of(，生产或制造）……（在(1)be made in come ，)出来出现；发芽；花开；come out(，，)实现come true(，)苏醒come to oneself()随同来；come

along(，)落;下来(2)come down(找到；提出), come up with(来吧；跟着来；赶快come on(，)进来come in(，（过来；顺便来访）over) ) 阅读do some reading(，)做作业homework(), do one’s 干得好……在), do well in(尽最大努力(3)do one’s best(从fall off(，)后面…..落在fall behind(，)入睡(4)fall asleep() 到下；跌倒fall down(，)掉下……，)回来；取回get back(，)起床get up(，)到达get to(，)上车get on(，)下来；落下(5)get down(……与get on well with(，)下来get off( ) 相聚get together(，)结婚get married(，)相处融洽 ) 开音乐会give a concert(，)帮助……给与give…a hand(，)放弃(6)give up(，)外出；到外面go out(，)过一遍；仔细检查go over(，)睡觉go to bed(，)回家go home(，)继续go on(，)回去(7)go back(走go wrong(去go skating(，)去徒步旅行go hiking(，)去钓鱼), go fishing(去划船go boating(，)买东西go shopping(，)继续做某事go on doing(，)错路)滑冰) 一直往前走……沿着go straight along(，, have a cold（进行体育活动）, have sports（休息）, have a rest（吃晚餐）, have supper（坐下）), have a seat看一看(8)have a look(尝试；努力have a try(，（头痛）, have a headache（过得愉快）, have a good time（咳嗽）, have a cough（感冒）) 看；look at(，)照看; 照顾look after(，)向上看；抬头看look up(，)仔细检查look over(，)注意; 留神look out(，)寻找(9)look for(观 ，)看起来像look the same(，)看起来像look like(，)看make the bed(，)赚钱make money(，)打电话make phone calls(，)交朋友(10)make friends(做make a faces(，)吵闹make a noise(，)整理床铺)做出决定make a decision(，)腾出地方……给make room for(，)走去……往make one’s way to(，)鬼脸make ，)

犯错误make a mistake(， ) 下决心up one’s mind( ) 推迟), put off(把某物收起来put away(，)把某物放下来put down(，)挂起；举起put up(，)上演；穿上；戴上(11)put on((12)take off(，)积极参加take an active part in(，)坐下take a seat(，)取出take out(，)花费时间take time(，)照相take photos(，)脱掉衣服

) 轮流take turn(，)坐某人的位臵；代替某人的职务take one’s place(，)做运动take exercise(，)照顾；照料；注意take care of( ) 交谈……和talk with(，)谈话；交谈(13)talk about(…..把turn…over(，)调低关小；turn down(，turn off()自来水等煤气，收音机，关上电灯，，)自来水等煤气，收音机，打开电灯，(14)turn on( ) 翻过来认为；想起(15)think of() 考虑think about(，) 句子的基本句型结构3. 根据句子所用动词的不同，句子可归纳为五个基本句型。 Her voice sounds nice. ②My mother is a doctor. 表语。例如：①+连系动词+主语(1) We study hard. ② He runs fast. 不及物动词。例如：①+主语(2)及物动词+主语(3)He studies English. ②Children often sing this song.宾语。例如：①+ She enjoys ①例如：等。enjoy, finish, feel like, consider, practise, keep, suggest, mind而不用不定式作宾语的动词有：, 形式-ing常用1)②reading novels and swimming.I finished reading the book last night. Tom agreed ②Where do wish to sit? ①例如：等。wish, hope, agree, plan, decide, refuse形式作宾语的动词有：-ing而不用常用不定式，2) to lend some money. 形式作宾语，但意义不同。这类动词常见的有：-ing有些及物动词既可用不定式，由可用3)Please 等。例如：①remember, forget 我记得那封信寄过了。I remember posting the letter.