Key Words: virtuallyad. governvt. shiftn. leapvi. slipvt. routen. teamworkn. signalvt. somehowad. aidn. establishvt. appreciate vt. punchvt. participate vi. heavevt. ambulancen. locatevt. occasionala. moustachen. securityn. collapsevi. spotvt. alongsideprep.

virtuallyad.almost; very nearly 实际上，事实上，差不多 e.g.This year?s results are virtually the same as last year?s.

It would have been virtually impossible to research all the information.

teamworkn.[U] the ability of a group of people to work together effectively; (work done through) combined effort集体合作，协作；协力进行的工作

e.g. Only teamwork will enable us to get the job done on time.

Today?s complex buildings require close teamwork between the architect and the builders.

punchvt.enter information by pressing a button or key on a machine 按键发出 e.g.Mrs. Baylor strode to the elevator and punched the button.

moustachen.an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip髭；小胡子 e.g.His father shaved off his moustache.

He has decided to grow a beard and a moustache.

governvt.control, fix, or guide 治理，统辖；管理

e.g. Strict rules and regulations are needed to govern class attendance.

They go to the polls on Friday to choose the people they want to govern their country.

signalvt.-ll- BrE〖英〗‖-l- AmE〖美〗express, warn, or tell (as if) by a signal or signals （似）用信号警告；示意

e.g.The referee took out a yellow card from his pocket and signalled a serious foul.

He stood up, signalling to the officer that he had finished with his client.

participate vi.[(in)] rather fml take part or have a share in an activity or event [常与in连用]〖较正式〗参加，参与

e.g.We want to encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college. Over half the population of this country participate in sport.

securityn.[U] freedom or protection from danger or worry; safety 安全；保护；保障 e.g.They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport security.

Strict security measures are in force in the capital.

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shiftn. (the period of time worked by) a group of workers which takes turns with one or more groups （值班工人的）当班时间，班次工作时间；轮班工人 e.g.We are on the night shift at the factory this week. His father worked shifts in a steel mill.

somehowad. by some means; in some way not yet known or stated 以某种方法，不知怎么地 e.g. You must stop him from seeing her somehow.

Somehow Karin managed to cope with the demands of her career.

heavevt.lift and pull or push with great effort （用很大力气）举，拉，推 e.g.I managed to heave the trunk down the stairs.

It took five strong men to heave the statue up a ramp and lower it into place.

collapsevi.fail suddenly and completely; break down 崩溃，垮掉，瓦解 e.g.The sick old man collapsed in the street and died two hours later. The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.

leapvi.act, move, rise, etc., quickly, as if with a jump敏捷移动，迅速反应 e.g.They leapt into action immediately.

She was quick to leap to my defence.

aidn.[U] fml support or help 〖正式〗支持，帮助，救助

e.g.One of the station staff saw her was in difficulty and came to her aid.

He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.

ambulancen.a vehicle with special equipment, used for taking sick or injured people to a hospital 救护车

e.g.They took the injured away in an ambulance.

He was sent to hospital by ambulance.

spotvt.-tt- pick out with the eye; see or recognise, esp. with effort or difficulty（用眼睛）找出；认出；看出

e.g.Can you spot any differences between these two pictures? Vicenzo failed to spot the error.

slipvt.-pp- put or give smoothly, secretly, or unnoticed 偷偷[悄悄]地塞给 e.g. He slipped the guard some money and got into the building.

I slipped a note under Louise?s door.

establishvt.set up; begin; create 建立，创立；使开业

e.g.I wondered why he should bother to try and establish contact with me.

The school has established a successful relationship with the local community.

locatevt.[usu. pass.] fix or set in a certain place; situate （一般用被动语态）把……设置在，

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使……坐落于

e.g. Steve?s business is located right in the centre of town. They located their headquarters in Swindon.

alongsideprep.close to and in line with the edge of (sth.); along the side (of) 靠着[沿着]……的旁边；与……并排

e.g.A police car pulled up alongside us.

Much of the industry was located alongside rivers.

routen.a chosen direction or line of travel between one place and another （旅行的）路线，路程 e.g.The house he has bought is not on a bus route.

All escape routes were blocked by armed police.

appreciate vt. be thankful or grateful for; recognize and enjoy the good qualities or worth of 感激; 鉴赏；欣赏；赏识

e.g.Your support is greatly appreciated.

Peter stood by me when I most needed it. I?ll always appreciate that.

occasionala.happening from time to time; not regular 偶尔的，偶然的，不经常的 e.g.I?ve had occasional mild headaches all my life.

The weather was good except for an occasional shower. CF: occasional, uncommon, scarce, rare

这些形容词均含“稀罕的，很少发生”之意。

occasional指偶然、不时或间或发生的事，侧重无规律可循。例如： He works for us on an occasional basis.

uncommon指一般不发生或很少发生的事情，故显得独特、异常与例外。例如： A 15-year lifespan is not uncommon for a dog.

scarce指暂时不易发现、不存在或数量不足，供不应求的东西。例如： This kind of training is ineffective, and wasteful of scarce resources. rare指难得发生的事或难遇见的人或事，侧重特殊性。例如： The black-necked crane is one of the rarest species in the world.

deliver vt.give birth to 分娩

e.g. My sister-in-law delivered a healthy girl last night. My mother delivered me at Sibly Memorial hospital.

Expressions: in / under … circumstances stand out pull away in contrast to

in / under… circumstances in … situation 在??情况下

e.g. Jane is my truest friend, so I can trust her in any circumstances.

Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.

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stand outhave an easily-seen shape, colour, etc.; be very noticeable 显著，显眼；杰出，突出 e.g.That fashion model always stands out in a crowd no matter where she is. Every tree, wall and fence stood out against dazzling white fields.

pull away(esp. of a vehicle or its driver) start to move away from the side of the road or another moving vehicle （车辆或司机）驶离（路边或另一开动的车辆） e.g.The driver waved us goodbye as he pulled away.

I stood in the driveway and watched him back out and pull away.

in contrast to in comparison with objects or situations so that differences are made after 与……形成对比[对照]

e.g.The company lost $7 million this quarter in contrast to a profit of $6 million a year earlier.

In contrast to the surroundings, she was young, pretty and brisk.

Section B Difficult Sentences

1. He makes it his business to learn the stop of every regular passenger. (Para. 4) Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 他特意记住了每个经常乘坐的人的下车地点。 Q: Make a sentence with the itzlicized structure.

A: The restaurant manager makes it his business to ensure I am happy and comfortable every time I?m there.

2. Her worn clothing suggests she doesn?t have much money to spare, but she always clutches an extra cup of coffee for the driver. (Para. 5) Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 她破旧的衣服表明她并没有多少余钱，但她总是会给司机带一杯咖啡。 Q: Paraphrase this sentence.

A: From the old clothes she?s wearing, one can tell that she is probably poor, but she uses what little money she has to buy a cup of coffee for the driver, which shows how much this bus trip means to her.

3. For many months, our only sadnesslay in our inability to establish the same rapport with the silent woman at the front of the bus. (Para. 10) Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 好多个月的时间里，我们唯一伤心的事是不能和坐在车前部的那个沉默的女人建立起同样的融洽关系。

Q: Make a sentence with the italicized structure.

A: The root of the problem in relationship lies in our inability to forgive the other says.

4. The night lengthened and grew cozy, and when we parted as friends — we shared names. (Para. 16)

Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese. A: 这个夜晚持续了很久，变得很温暖，我们告别时已成了朋友——这一次我们交换了姓名。 Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part?

A: We talked for a long time and as we got to know each other better, we felt more comfortable and closer.

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Section C COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS ▇ Comprehension questions （Para. 1）

Q:What was the former belief of the author and his wife?

A: They used to feel that it was virtually impossible to be a true friend to someone whose name they didn?t know.

Q:What have changed their thinking?

A:Years of Sunday-morning bus trip through the city with the same “nameless” people have changed their thinking.

▇ Comprehension questions （Paras. 2-4）

Q:What does the author tell us about the regular bus driver?

A: He is a dutiful bus driver. Judging by his walrus moustache which is white at the edges and his well-worn face, we may know that he is not young. He is a very kind person and always smiles benignly at his passengers. He is a very careful driver. He keeps the bus clean and expects every passenger to obey the written and unwritten rules that govern the trip. He knows his regular passengers well and regards it his responsibility to remember where each regular passenger should get off the bus.

Q:Why is teamwork far more important than knowing names in the author?s opinion?

A: Because to ensure a pleasant bus ride, everyone should cooperate as if in a team. The driver should perform his duties well and the passengers should obey the written and unwritten rules. There should be no smoking, no littering, and everyone should behave in a polite and decent manner. Under such circumstances, names are no longer important.

▇ Comprehension questions （Paras. 5-6）

Q:What do they usually do before the bus leaves the station?

A: They all look around and check in their minds if every regular passenger is on the bus. Q:What do you know about the silent woman?

A: She sits up front and never responds to others? greetings. Her worn clothing suggests that she doesn?t have much spare money. However, she is always considerate enough to get a cup of coffee for the driver.

Q:Why does the factory security guard close his eyes during his bus trip?

A: He must be very tired after working a long night shift. But he can open his eyes at the precise moment when the driver approaches his stop and then gets off the bus.

▇ Comprehension questions （Paras. 7-9）

Q:What happened to the rotund gentleman one morning?

A: One morning, as he moved forward to board the bus, he fell down on the sidewalk and was badly hurt. The others all tried to help. They cradled his head until an ambulance arrived. They were all very sad and prayed for him in silence.

Q:Why did the passengers feel a little pride when they think of the new-born baby of the Mexican couple?

A: By taking the same bus together for a long time, they care about each other as if they are of one big family. They have observed how the loving Mexican couple were expecting their baby and

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