由于有了父亲的鼓励，他的自信心更强了。 CF: feed, nourish, nurture & supply

这些动词均含有“供养、提供、抚养”之意。

feed普通用词，含义广泛。既可指给人或动物提供食物，又可指给植物以养料或为机器等加燃料等。例如：

* The farmer?s wife feeds cattle and sheep every morning.

nourish指提供生长、健康或维持生存所必需的食物或养料，尤指用促进生长的营养品。句中事物名称往往做该动词的主语。例如：

* Milk, eggs, and meat nourish the bodies of growing boys and girls.

nurture表示在幼儿、幼苗的成长过程中予以细心的照料、保护或者可以指帮助计划、想法、感情等发展。例如：

*We want to nurture the new project, not destroy it. supply表示提供所需物品。例如：

*Most large towns are supplied with electricity.

odd a.

different from what is ordinary or expected; unusual 奇特的，古怪的，异常的 e. g. It?s odd of her to dash away without so much as saying goodbye.

It?s very odd that she didn?t reply to our letter. 很奇怪，她没有回我们的信。 CF: strange, odd, peculiar & curious

这些形容词均含有“奇怪的，奇异的，新奇的、好奇的”之意。

strange是普通常用词，含义广泛，指陌生新奇的、奇怪的人或物。例如： *The doctor thought her strange behavior was caused by stress.

odd通常指不同寻常或者出乎意料之外的人或事物，往往令人困惑或感到奇怪。例如： *He is rather an odd man.

peculiar常指因为觉得陌生或者不熟悉而感到有点奇怪。例如： *This food has got a peculiar taste.

curious通常指非常奇特从而能引起人们的好奇心。例如： *It is a curious fact that he never works but has plenty of money.

figure out

come to understand or discover by thinking 理解，想出

e. g.It took Wyler a couple of days to figure out what had happened.

We still haven?t figured out how to do it. 我们仍想不出怎么去做这件事。

disgusting a.

extremely unpleasant and making one feel sick 令人作呕的；令人厌恶的，讨厌的 e. g.Smoking is really a disgusting habit.

I can?t bear the disgusting food in that restaurant. 我受不了那家餐馆那令人作呕的食物。

observation n.

[C; U] an action of noticing or watching 观察，注意，监视

e.g. Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals?behaviour.

He left by the back door to escape observation. 他从后门溜走了，以免被人注意到。 Collocations:

keep/place sb. under observation 监视某人；观察某人 be under observation 受到监视；被观察

accomplish vt.

succeed in doing; finish successfully 完成（任务等）；做成功

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e. g.What exactly do you hope to accomplish this year?

She?s accomplished a great deal in the last few weeks. 在过去几周里，她完成了相当多的工作。 CF: accomplish, achieve, fulfill & complete 这些动词均含有“完成”之意。

accomplish指经过艰苦的努力之后成功地完成了规定的工作、计划、任务等，侧重达到预期目的的整个过程。例如：

*They accomplished the difficult task assigned to them.

achieve指通过持续的努力而完成或实现某事，特别强调由于非常努力以及克服困难后达到目的。例如：

*It is more difficult for a woman to achieve success in modern society.

fulfill指达到预定的目标，如计划的完成、职责的履行、诺言的实现、任务的完成等，侧重于完成心愿或者尽义务的意思。例如：

*Brown was a brilliant musician but he had never fulfilled his early promise.

complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分，一般指经过比较长的时间以后完成了任务。例如：

*The construction work of the new steel plant has already been completed.

make a difference

have an important effect or influence 有很大影响或关系，很重要 e. g. The rain did make a difference to the game.

When you?re learning to drive, having a good teacher makes a difference. 学习驾驶时，如有一位好教员指导，效果大不相同。

raise vt.

collect together 筹集；召集

e. g.They hope to raise $1 million to buy land.

We made an appeal to raise money for victims of the disaster. 我们呼吁为灾民筹款。

in terms of …; in … terms

from the point of view of 从??观点来看，从??角度来讲 e. g.The job is great in terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages.

The book has been well reviewed, but in terms of actual sales it hasn?t been very successful.

这本书获得了好评，但是从实际销售情况来看，它并不太成功。

address vt.

try to solve 着手解决

e. g.We did not expect that the project should fully address issues of this kind.

He ignored the side issues and addressed himself to the main problem. 他抛开枝节问题，着手解决主要问题。

criticize vt.

[(for)] judge with disapproval; point out the faults of [常与for连用]批评；指责 e. g.Ron does nothing but criticize and complain all the time.

The report strongly criticizes the police for failing to deal with this problem. 报告强烈批评警方没有处理好这一问题。

result in

have as a result; cause 导致，造成

e. g. This move will eventually result in the loss of a lot of jobs.

The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. 这起事故导致两名乘客丧生。

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benefit vt.

(esp. of an action or event) be useful, profitable, or helpful to （尤指一行动或事件）有益于，有利于，有助于

e. g.Exercise benefits our health.

It?s an expensive investment but it will benefit the company in the long run. 这是一项花费很大的投资，但从长远看来，它对公司有好处。

channel vt.

[(into)] direct towards a particular purpose [常与into连用]把??导向（某一特定目的）；引导；集中；朝向

e. g. We should channel our energy into useful activities.

The famine relief money was channelled through volunteer groups. 饥荒救济金是通过志愿者团体的渠道收集来的。

channel sth. into sth.

direct money, feelings, ideas, etc. towards a particular thing or purpose 把??导向（某一特定目的）

e. g.Women were more likely to be channeled into the lower-paying jobs.

I decided to channel my energy into something useful. 我决定把自己的精力用到有益的事上。

concerned with

having an active personal interest; about 关心的，感兴趣的；与??有关系 e. g.Her job is mainly concerned with sales.

This story is concerned with a Russian family in the 19th century. 这个故事讲的是一个十九世纪俄国家庭的事情。

Difficult Sentences for Text A

1. But when all is said and done, I findthat the good in life is far greater and more important than the bad. (Para. 3)

Q: What is the implied meaning of this sentence?

A: Having experienced so many difficulties and crises, the author believes that the good in life is far greater and more important than the bad.

2. Conversely, negative thoughts, attitudes, and expectations feed on themselves; they become a self-fulfilling prophecy. (Para. 4)

Q: Why does the author say negative thoughts, attitudes, and expectations become a self-fulfilling

prophecy?

A: There seems to be a natural cause-and-effect relationship between pessimism and failure. If you expect something to turn out bad, it probably will.

3. That seemed like an odd question, but I felt fine and told him so. (Para. 5) Q: What is the implied meaning of this sentence?

A: The author was feeling great on that beautiful day. Although he was a bit surprised to hear the attendant?s question, he still tells him the fact.

4. Optimism draws our attention away from negativism andchannels it into positive, constructive thinking. (Para. 10)

Q: Paraphrase this sentence.

A: If we take an optimistic attitude towards life, we will look on the positive side of the situation and gradually cultivate a positive and constructive way of thinking.

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4. Voicing Your Views

▆If you were in the following situation, how would you look on the positiveside of the situation? Discuss the topic in groups and share your views with the whole class.The tips in the box may be of some help.

Situation: I had been dreaming of becoming a student at a famous university such as Peking

University or Tsinghua University, but my dream was never realized because of my poor performance at the entrance examination, so I have had to go to a university that does not come up to my earlier expectations.

already do my best look into the future the outstanding people from my university a comparison of my competition situation in my university and Peking University / Tsinghua University the good teaching staff and teaching facilities in my university my strong desire to succeed …

5. Guided Practice

1) Do task one (p. 42) 2) Group discussion

Work in groups of threes or fours to discuss the issues listed on page 15. Ask several students to present their opinions in class.

6. Summary

Ask Ss to retell the text in their own words.

7.After-Class Assignments

1) Review Text A 2) Do exercises: Cloze (p. 60) Translation (p. 61)

3) Theme-related writing (p.62)

Text B

Section A KEY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS Key Words: ritualn. conservativea. estimaten. entertainmentn. reputationn. hardenvt. priora.

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responsen. startlevt. awarenessn. feedbackn. routinen. historicala. cynicala. commentn. innocenta. significancen. managementn. enormousa.

ritual n. [C; U] one or more ceremonies or customary acts which are often repeated in the same form 仪式（程序）；例行习惯

e.g. My father is in the kitchen conducting his morning ritual — reading the newspaper and

sipping his coffee.

She went through her usual ritual of making sure all the doors were locked before

she went to bed.

conservativea. liking old and established ways; not liking change, esp. sudden change 保守的，守旧的

e.g. It was an extremely conservative society — they were very easily shocked by anything

different or daring.

Some people hold a very conservative attitude toward education.

estimaten. [(of)] a calculation or judgment of the nature, value, size, amount, etc., of sth. [常与

of连用] 估计

e.g. I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood youwill need for building a house like this.

The number of people who applied for the course was 120 compared with an initial conservative estimate of 50.

responsen. [C (to)] a reply [常与to连用]回答

e.g. The news provoked an angry response from the public.

I looked in her face for some response, but she just stared at me blankly.

entertainmentn. [C; U] sth., esp. a public performance, that amuses 供消遣的事物（尤指公众娱乐活动）

e.g. The weekend entertainment at school was provided by a folk band.

This season?s entertainments include five new plays and several concerts of Chinese and Indian music.

routine n. [C; U] (a) regular and habitual way of working or doing things 惯例，常规；例行公事

e.g. There?s no set routine at work — every day is different.

She longed to escape from the same old familiar routine.

innocenta.[(of)] (of a thing) harmless in effect or intention [常与of连用] （事物）无害的；没有恶意的

e.g. She was startled by their angry reaction to her innocent remark.

It was an innocent remark and I didn?t mean to hurt his feelings.

startle vt. esp AmE infml[C (of)] cause (sb.) to be suddenly surprised, sometimes making them jump; give an unexpected slight shock〖尤美，非正式〗[常与of连用]使（某人）惊跳，使大吃一惊，吓（某人）一跳

e.g. They were startled to hear they were getting divorced.

You startled me! I didn?t hear you come in!

reputationn. [C; U (for)] (an) opinion held about sb. or sth., esp. by people in general; the degree to which one is trusted or admired [常与for连用]名誉；名声 e.g. She soon acquired a reputation as a first-class cook.

The company has a worldwide reputation for quality.

historicala. connected with history as a study; based on or representing events in the past 历史的，历史学的；基于史实的，反映历史事件的 e.g. The building is of historical importance.

Many important historical documents were destroyed when the library was bombed.

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