摘 要

以大学生方程式赛事为背景，参考广西工学院鹿山学院大学生方程式赛车作为基础，应用汽车理论和汽车设计等相关知识结合比赛规则，对赛车的基本尺寸、质量参数和赛车的性能参数进行选择，对赛车各总成进行选型和总布置，进行赛车蓄能系统、再生制动系统以及行驶系统、传动系统进行设计。

根据同组同学确定的驱动系统，结合比赛需求计算出电池、电容容量和要求，选择电池、电容型号和组合形式，确定出外形尺寸和质量和安装位置。再为蓄能装置匹配出合适的充电系统。设计节能环保的再生制动系统,然后按照鹿山二号对纯电动方程式赛车的行驶系统、传动系统进行改动,最后再结合同组同学的参数，确定整车的设计参数。

随着全球能源、环境问题的日益严峻，节能环保的纯电动车辆将会成为下一个时代的主流。

关键词：大学生方程式赛车；总布置；磷酸铁锂电池；超级电容

广西工学院鹿山学院本科生毕业设计（论文）

Abstract

Students Formula One racing events as the background, refer to the Guangxi Institute of Technology the Kayama College Students Formula One racing as a basis for the automotive design and automotive theory and other related information as well as the FSAE competition rules，application of automotive theory and knowledge of automotive design , combined with the rules of the game , the basic dimensions of the car , quality parameters and performance parameters of the car selection , selection and general arrangement of the assembly of the car , the car energy storage system , regenerative braking system and driving system, transmission system design.

According to the same group of students to determine the drive system , combined with the game needs to calculate the battery, capacitor , capacity and requirements , select the battery, capacitor model and the combination to determine the shape size and quality , and installation location . Match the charging system for the energy storage device . The regenerative braking system of the design of energy saving and environmental protection , and then follow the Lushan II Formula One racing for pure electric driving system , the transmission system to make changes , and finally combined with the parameters of the same group of students to determine the design parameters of the vehicle .

Keywords: college students and Formula One racing ; general arrangement ; lithium iron phosphate batteries ; super capacitor

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广西工学院鹿山学院本科生毕业设计（论文）

目 录

1 绪论 ................................................................. 4

1.1 大学生方程式赛事介绍 ........................................... 4 1.2 大学生方程式的历史 ............................................. 4 1.3 赛事意义 ....................................................... 5 1.4 国内外发展现状 ................................................. 5 2 纯电动方程式赛车总布置设计 ........................................... 6

2.1 赛车主要参数的选取 ............................................. 6

2.1.1 纯电动方程式赛车机械部分参数的选取 ........................ 6 2.1.2 赛车性能参数的选取 ........................................ 7 2.1.3 悬架主要参数（学院车队提供） .............................. 8 2.2 赛车驱动电机的选取 ............................................. 8

2.2.1 电机类型的选择 ............................................ 8 2.2.2 电机功率的选择 ............................................ 9 2.3 赛车各总成选型原则和总布置 .................................... 10

2.3.1 悬架、轮胎的选择 ......................................... 10 2.3.2 制动系统 ................................................. 10 2.3.3 车架 ..................................................... 11 2.4 人机工程 ...................................................... 11

2.4.1 人体尺寸 ................................................. 11 2.5 赛车的轴荷分配 ................................................ 12

2.5.1 学院鹿山2号的轴荷分配 ................................... 12 2.5.2 纯电动方程式赛车相对后轴增加的质量分布的计算 ............. 13 2.5.3 纯电动方程式赛车轴荷的分配 ............................... 13

3 储能装置的选择 ...................................................... 14

3.1 蓄能装置的容量计算 ............................................ 14

3.1.1 赛车的续驶里程 ........................................... 14 3.1.2 蓄能器容量的计算 ......................................... 14 3.2 蓄能装置类型的选择 ............................................ 14

3.2.1 高比能量蓄能装置 ......................................... 14 3.2.2 高比功率储能设备的选择 ................................... 17 3.2.3 高比功率装置的计算 ....................................... 17 3.2.4 超级电容的计算 ........................................... 22

4 充电器的设计 ....................................................... 24

4．1 锂离子电池充电方法 ........................................... 24

4.1.1 常用的充电方法[10] ......................................... 24 4.1.2 赛车充电放式的选取 ....................................... 25 4．2 赛车的充电要求 ............................................... 25

4.2.1 赛车的充电要求 ........................................... 25 4.2.2 充电器方框图 ............................................. 26 4.2.3 充电器的分析 ............................................. 27

5 再生制动 ............................................................ 29

5.1 赛车制动力矩的计算 ............................................ 29

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