07¡¢ÎÞ»ú»¯Ñ§ÍòÌâ¿â£¨Ñ¡ÔñÌ⣩(7-9)- ÏÂÔØ±¾ÎÄ

£¨°Ë£©¡¢µç½âÖÊÈÜÒº

1£®°´Ëá¼îÖÊ×ÓÀíÂÛ¿¼ÂÇ£¬ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖмȿÉ×÷ËáÒà¿É×÷¼îµÄÎïÖÊÊÇ* £¨ £© A¡¢Cl B¡¢NH4 C¡¢HCO3 D¡¢H3O 2£®¸ù¾ÝËá¼îÖÊ×ÓÀíÂÛ£¬ÏÂÁи÷Àë×ÓÖУ¬¼È¿É×öËᣬÓÖ¿É×ö¼îµÄÊÇ** £¨ £© £­

£«

£­

£«

A¡¢H£«

£­

£«

£«

3O B¡¢CO32 C¡¢NH4 D¡¢[Fe(H2O)4(OH)2]

3£®ÔÚ·´Ó¦ BF3 £« NH3 £½ F3B NH3 ÖУ¬ BF3 Ϊ** £¨ A¡¢Arrhenius ¼î B¡¢Bronsted Ëá C¡¢Lewis ¼î D¡¢Lewis Ëá 4£®NH£«

4 µÄ¹²éî¼îÊÇ* £¨ A¡¢OH£­

B¡¢NH£­

£­

3 C¡¢NH2 D¡¢NH2

5£®²»Êǹ²éîËá¼î¶ÔµÄÒ»×éÎïÖÊÊÇ** £¨ A¡¢NH£­

£«

3 ¡¢ NH2 B¡¢NaOH ¡¢Na

C¡¢OH£­

¡¢O2£­

D¡¢H£«

3O ¡¢H2O

6£®H£­

2PO4µÄ¹²éî¼îÊÇ* £¨ A¡¢H£­

£­

3PO4 B¡¢HPO42 C¡¢H2PO4 D¡¢PO£­

43

7£®»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Ag(NH£«

£­

3)2£« Br£½AgBr¡ý£«2 NH3 °´ÕÕ·Ò×˹Ëá¼îÀíÂÛ£¬ËüÓ¦ÊôÓÚ**£¨ A¡¢¼îÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ B¡¢Öû»·´Ó¦ C¡¢ËáÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ D¡¢³Áµí·´Ó¦ 8£®¸ù¾ÝÈíÓ²Ëá¼îÔ­Àí¸ÅÄÏÂÁÐÎïÖÊÊôÓÚÈíËáµÄÊÇ** £¨ A¡¢H£«

B¡¢Ag+ C¡¢NH3 D¡¢AsH3

9£®ÏÂÁÐÀë×ÓÖУ¬¼îÐÔ×îÇ¿µÄÊÇ** £¨ A¡¢NH£«

£­

£­

£­

4 B¡¢CN C¡¢Ac D¡¢NO2

10£®pH £½ 2 ºÍ pH £½ 6 µÄÈÜÒº H£«

µÄŨ¶ÈÏà²î** £¨ A¡¢4 ±¶ B¡¢12 ±¶ C¡¢4000±¶ D¡¢10000 ±¶

11£®ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬Í¬Å¨¶ÈµÄNa3PO4 , Na2HPO4 , NaH2PO4 ÈÜÒºµÄË®½â¶ÈÊÇ* £¨ A¡¢Na3PO4 ×î´ó B¡¢Na2HPO4 ×î´ó

C¡¢NaH2PO4 ×î´ó D¡¢ÈýÕßÏàµÈ

12£®ÔÚ³£Ñ¹Ïµı¥ºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼Ë®ÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÏÂÁÐÎïÖÖŨ¶È×î¸ßµÄÊÇ** £¨

187

£© £© £© £© £© £© £©

£© £©

£© A¡¢H2CO3 B¡¢CO2 C¡¢HCO313£®Ä³Ëá HA µÄ Ka £½ 8.4¡Á104£¬0.10 mol¡¤L

£­

£­1

£­

D¡¢CO32

£­

´ËËáµÄ H+ Ũ¶ÈΪ** £¨ £©

£­

£­

A¡¢9.2¡Á103 mol¡¤L

£­

£­1

B¡¢1.8¡Á102 mol¡¤L1 D¡¢8.8¡Á103 mol¡¤L

£­

£­1

C¡¢2.9¡Á103 mol¡¤L

£­

£­1

14£®ÔÚ0.10 L 0.10 mol¡¤L1 HAc ÈÜÒºÖУ¬¼ÓÈë 0.10 mol NaCl ¾§Ì壬ÈÜÒºµÄpH Öµ½«»á**

£­

£¨ £© A¡¢Éý¸ß B¡¢½µµÍ C¡¢²»±ä D¡¢ÎÞ·¨ÅÐ¶Ï 15£®ÒÑÖª£º H3PO4 µÄ Ka1=7.1¡Á103 £¬Ka2=6.0¡Á10

£­

£­10

£¬Ka3=4.4¡Á10

£«

£­13

¡£°ÑNa2HPO4

ºÍNa3PO4 ÈܽâÔÚË®ÖУ¬ÆäÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÏàͬ£¬Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄ HŨ¶ÈÓ¦ÊÇ*** £¨ £© A¡¢7.1¡Á10

£­3

B¡¢6.0¡Á10

£­

£­8

C¡¢4.3¡Á10

£­

£­10

D¡¢4.4¡Á10

£­13

16£®ÒÑÖª£º Ka (HAc)= 1.8¡Á105 £¬Kb(NH3)= 1.8¡Á105 £¬ÔòÔÚÏÂÁи÷¶ÔËá¼î»ìºÏÎïÖУ¬ÄÜ

ÅäÖÆ pH £½ 9 µÄ»º³åÈÜÒºµÄÊÇ*** £¨ £© A¡¢HAc ºÍ NaAc B¡¢NH4Cl ºÍ HAc

C¡¢HAc ºÍ NH3 D¡¢NH4Cl ºÍ NH3 17£®ÏÂÁи÷×é»ìºÏÒºÖУ¬ÄÜ×÷Ϊ»º³åÈÜÒºµÄÊÇ** £¨ £© A¡¢10 ml 0.2 mol¡¤L1 HCl ºÍ 10 ml 0.1 mol¡¤L1 NaCl

£­

£­

B¡¢10 ml 0.2 mol¡¤L1 HAc ºÍ 10 ml 0.1 mol¡¤L1 NaOH

£­

£­

C¡¢10 ml 0.2 mol¡¤L1 HAc ºÍ 10 ml 0.3 mol¡¤L1 NaOH

£­

£­

D¡¢10 ml 0.2 mol¡¤L1 HCl ºÍ 10 ml 0.2 mol¡¤L1 NaOH

£­

£­

18£®ÒÑÖª£ºH2CO3 µÄ Ka1=4.7¡Á107 £¬Ka2=5.6¡Á10

£­

£­

£­11

£»Kb(NH3)£½ 1.8¡Á105£¬Ka (HAc)£½

£­

1.8¡Á105 £¬ÏÖÐèÅäÖÆ pH £½ 9 µÄ»º³åÈÜÒº £¬Ó¦Ñ¡ÓõĻº³å¶Ô×îºÃµÄÊÇ*** £¨ £© A¡¢H2CO3£­NaHCO3 B¡¢NaHCO3£­Na2CO3

C¡¢NH3 £­ NH4Cl D¡¢HAc £­ NaAc 19£®ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖв»ÄÜ×é³É»º³åÈÜÒºµÄÊÇ** £¨ £© A¡¢NH3 ºÍ NH4Cl B¡¢NaH2PO4 ºÍ Na2HPO4

C¡¢HCl ºÍ¹ýÁ¿µÄ°±Ë® D¡¢°±Ë®ºÍ¹ýÁ¿µÄ HCl 20£®CaC2O4 µÄ KspΪ 2.6¡Á10

£­9

£¬ÒªÊ¹ 0.020 mol¡¤L1 CaCl2 ÈÜÒºÉú³É³Áµí£¬ÐèÒªµÄ²ÝËá

£­

188

¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶È£¨mol¡¤L1£©ÖÁÉÙӦΪ** £¨ £©

£­

A¡¢1.3¡Á10

£­7

B¡¢1.0¡Á109 C¡¢5.2¡Á10

£­£­9

£­10

D¡¢2.2¡Á105

£­

£«

21£®CaC2O4 µÄ Ksp Ϊ 2.6¡Á10

£­

£¬ÔÚº¬0.020 mol¡¤L1 Ca2 µÄÈÜÒºÖÐÐγɳÁµíʱ£¬ËùÐè

£­

C2O42 Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈÖÁÉÙӦΪ** £¨ £© A¡¢1.1¡Á109 mol¡¤L1 B¡¢1.3¡Á107 mol¡¤L1

£­

£­

£­

£­

C¡¢2.2¡Á105 mol¡¤L1 D¡¢2.2¡Á107 mol¡¤L1

£­

£­

£­

£­

£«

£­

22£®¸ù¾ÝËá¼îÖÊ×ÓÀíÂÛ£¬HNO3 £« H2SO4 £½ H2NO3 £« HSO4 Õý·´Ó¦ÖеÄËáÊÇ** £¨ £© A¡¢HSO4 B¡¢HNO3 C¡¢H2SO4 D¡¢H2NO3

23£®0.10 mol¡¤L1HCNÈÜÒºµÄµçÀë¶ÈΪ0.01% £¬ÔòÇâÇèËáµÄµçÀë³£ÊýÊÇ** £¨ £©

£­£­

£«

A¡¢10

£­2

£­

B¡¢10

£­4

C¡¢10

£­7

D¡¢10

£­9

24£®0.20 mol¡¤L1 ¼×ËáÈÜÒºÖÐÓÐ 3.2£¥ µÄ¼×ËáµçÀ룬ÔòÆä Ka ֵΪ** £¨ £© A¡¢9.6¡Á10

£­3

B¡¢4.8¡Á10

£­5

C¡¢6.5¡Á106 D¡¢2.1¡Á104

£­

£­

£­

25£®0.40 mol¡¤L1 ±ûËáÈÜÒºµÄ pH ÖµÊÇ£¨±ûËáµÄ Ka£½1.3¡Á105£©** £¨ £©

£­

A¡¢0.40 B¡¢2.64 C¡¢5.28 D¡¢4.88 26£®pH ֵΪ 9.40 µÄÈÜÒºÖÐOH Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ** £¨ £© A¡¢4.0¡Á10 C¡¢4.0¡Á10

£­10

£­

mol¡¤L1 B¡¢2.5¡Á10

£­£­

£­9

mol¡¤L1

£­

£­6

mol¡¤L1 D¡¢2.5¡Á10

£­5

mol¡¤L1

£­

27£®0.50 mol¡¤L1 HAc µÄµçÀë¶ÈÊÇ£¨Ka (HAc)= 1.8¡Á105£©** £¨ £©

£­

£­

A¡¢0.30£¥ B¡¢1.3£¥ C¡¢0.60£¥ D¡¢0.90£¥ 28£®ÒÑÖª0.01 mol¡¤L1 µÄÈõËá HA ÈÜÒºÓÐ1£¥ µçÀ룬Æä Ka ֵԼΪ** £¨ £©

£­

A¡¢10

£­2

B¡¢10

£­6

C¡¢10

£­4

D¡¢10

£­5

29£®pH£½1.0ºÍpH£½3.0µÄÁ½ÖÖÇ¿ËáÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºµÄpHֵΪ** £¨ £© A¡¢0.3 B¡¢1.0 C¡¢1.3 D¡¢1.5 30£®ÒÑÖª£ºH2CO3 µÄ Ka1£½4.2¡Á107£¬Ka2=5.6¡Á10

£­

£­11

£¬Ôò0.10 mol¡¤L

£­1

̼ËáÇâÄÆÈÜÒºµÄ

pHֵԼΪ** £¨ £© A¡¢5.6 B¡¢7.0 C¡¢8.3 D¡¢11.2

189

31£®°Ñ100 ml 0.10 mol¡¤L

£­1

µÄ HCN£¨Ka£½4.9¡Á10

£­10

£©ÈÜҺϡÊÍÖÁ400 ml £¬ÈÜÒºÖÐµÄ [H]

£«

ԼΪԭÀ´µÄ** £¨ £© A¡¢

11 B¡¢ C¡¢2 ±¶ D¡¢4 ±¶ 24£­

32£®ÖƱ¸ 2.00 L pH£½9.4 µÄ NaAc ÈÜÒº£¬Ðè NaAc µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª** £¨ £© £¨ÒÑÖª£ºKa (HAc)= 1.76¡Á105£©

A¡¢2.2 mol B¡¢1.1mol C¡¢5.7¡Á10

£­

£­10

mol D¡¢1.9¡Á10

£­10

mol

33£®Ä³Ò»ÔªÈõËáµÄ 0.20 mol¡¤L1 ÈÜÒº£¬ÆäpH£½3.0£¬ËüµÄµçÀë³£ÊýΪ** £¨ £© A¡¢0.60 B¡¢10¡Á103 C¡¢2.0¡Á104 D¡¢5.0¡Á106

£­

£­

£­

34£®0.36 mol¡¤L

£­1

NaAc ÈÜÒºµÄ PHֵΪ£¨Ka (HAc)= 1.8¡Á105£©** £¨ £©

£­

A¡¢4.85 B¡¢5.15 C¡¢9.15 D¡¢8.85 35£®20 ml 0.10 mol¡¤L

£­

£­1

HCl ºÍ 20 ml 0.20 mol¡¤L1 NH3¡¤H2O»ìºÏ£¬ÆäpH ֵΪ£¨Kb NH3£½

£­

1.8¡Á105£©** £¨ £© A¡¢11.25 B¡¢4.75 C¡¢9.25 D¡¢4.25 36£®½«0.10 mol¡¤L1HAc Óë 0.10 mol¡¤L1NaOH µÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£¬ÆäpH ֵΪ£¨Ka HAc= 1.76

£­

£­

¡Á105£©** £¨ £©

£­

A¡¢5.27 B¡¢8.73 C¡¢6.73 D¡¢10.49 37£®pH £½3.0ºÍpH£½5.0µÄÁ½ÖÖHClÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºµÄpHֵΪ** £¨ £© A¡¢3.5 B¡¢3.3 C¡¢4.0 D¡¢8.0

£­

38£®0.5 LµÄ 0.6 mol¡¤L1 HF ÈÜÒº£¬ÓûʹµçÀë¶ÈÔö¼Óµ½Ô­À´µÄ 4 ±¶£¬Ó¦½«Ô­ÈÜҺϡÊ͵½**

£¨ £© A¡¢4 L B¡¢5 L C¡¢6 L D¡¢8 L 39£®0.045 mol¡¤L1 KNO2 ÈÜÒºµÄ pH£½8.0 £¬Ôò HNO2 µÄ Ka ÊÇ** £¨ £©

£­

A¡¢4.5¡Á10

£­2

B¡¢4.5¡Á10

£­10

C¡¢4.5¡Á10

£­8

D¡¢4.5¡Á104

£­£­

40£®ÔÚMg(OH)2 ±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëMgCl2 £¬Ê¹ Mg2+ Ũ¶ÈΪ 0.010 mol¡¤L1£¬Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄ pH

£­

ֵΪ£¨Ksp Mg(OH)2= 1.8¡Á1011£©*** £¨ £©

A¡¢5.26 B¡¢8.75 C¡¢9.63 D¡¢4.37 41£®HX µÄµçÀë³£Êý Ka £½ 1¡Á104 £¬ÔÚ0.05 mol¡¤L

£­

£­1

HX ºÍ0.50 mol¡¤L

£­1

µÄ KX ÈÜÒº

190