Nowadays，most commodities or services are rated through certain channels. These ratings，easy to access，are playing an increasingly important role in customers’ purchase decision. However，results are sometimes unsatisfactory.

There is no denying that such ratings might bring convenience to consumers（固定句式，that引导同位语从句），but they are often misleading and unreliable（并列句表转折）. ____________________ （as引导定语从句），most of the ratings are based on others’ judgment on the product or service concerned. Every judgment comes from a specific need or a unique psychological state. Apparently，____________________ （现在分词短语作状语） will affect our own judgment. Another fact should not be neglected that some of the ratings are the outcome of a careful manipulation of companies or sellers（that引导同位语从句，修饰抽象名词fact ）. It has become a common practice for some to pay for good ratings on their products or services（不定式短语作主语） ____________________ （目的状语）.

Therefore，we should give a second thought to these ratings ____________________ （whenever引导让步状语从句）.

解析：

【2018·全国卷I】

How are you doing? Learning（现在分词作状语） that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs（that引导宾语从句）, I am writing to put forward some advice（不定式作目的状语）.

Firstly（插入语）, I would like to suggest that you arrive 5 to 10 minutes earlier（that引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气）, which is common in Chinese traditional culture（which引导非限制性定语从句）. Secondly, if I were you, I would bring some appropriate gifts with me（虚拟语气）, such as souvenirs from my own country. Besides, table manners are also what you should pay attention to(what引导表语从句). For example, you are not supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. Instead, laying them on your dish（动名词短语作主语） is a smart choice.

If you have any other problems（if条件句）, please don’t hesitate to contact me.

【参考译文】你好吗?得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友，对中国的风俗习惯感到困惑，我写信给你提出一些建议。

首先，我建议你提前5到10分钟到，这在中国的传统文化中是很常见的。其次，如果我是你，我会带一些合适的礼物，比如来自我自己国家的纪念品。此外，餐桌礼仪也是你应该注意的。例如，你不应该把你的筷子插入你的食物。相反，把它们放在你的盘子里是一个明智的选择。

如果您还有其他问题，请随时与我联系。

【2018·全国卷I I】

May I have your attention, please?（通知开头常用句） Recently, an outstanding movie will be shown in our campus. Welcome to join us end enjoy it! Here are some relevant details about it（倒装句）.

To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing together, which is about the

development of our beloved school（which引导非限制性定语从句）; as a result, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, it will be in the library from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th .What’s more, everyone of you will be welcome to take part in it, enjoying the movie, having a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.（并列现在分词短语作状语）

Hopefully, you would make it to our activity. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.（同位语从句）

【参考译文】请大家注意一下。最近，一部优秀的电影将在我们校园上映。欢迎加入我们的行列，尽情享受吧!这里有一些相关的细节。

首先，电影的名字是一起成长，这是关于我们心爱的学校的发展;因此，它不仅有意义，而且有趣。另外，它将在6月9日下午2点到4点在图书馆。更重要的是，欢迎你们每个人都参与其中，欣赏这部电影，之后进行热烈的讨论，并给出自己的意见。

希望你能参加我们的活动。我有信心你会玩得很开心。

【2018·全国卷III】

I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch. To begin with(不定式作状语), a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school. (非限制性定语从句)

Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events （with+n.+过去分词作状语）are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity (介词+which引导的定语从句).

As for me, I’m intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength (原因状语从句)to confront the challenges in my life（不定式作目的状语）.

All in all（插入语，引出结论）, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.

【参考译文】收到你的来信我非常高兴。你在上一封信中问我关于我们学校体育锻炼的情况，以下信息可以让你有一个大概的了解。

首先，一个令人极好的新体育场已经建成，它已经成为我们学校的新地标。

此外，随着体育场的建立，可以举办各种各样的体育赛事，其中乒乓球、足球和跑步比赛非常受欢迎。

对我来说，我痴迷于篮球，因为它给了我力量去面对生活中的挑战。 总之，我真诚地邀请你来我们学校参观。 【2018·浙江卷】

My name is Li Hua. And I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of our school English association.

I have a good command of English and have been to the USA twice. So I can communicate well with native speakers of English.What’s more（表递进的过渡语）, I am kind and friendly to other people, as a result of which I can easily get along with foreign students.(介词+which引导的定语从句)

I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my oral English capabilities and interpersonal communication skills.(原因状语从句)

【参考译文】我的名字叫李华。我写信目的在于申请成为我们学校英语协会的志愿者。 我精通英语，去过美国两次。所以我可以和以英语为母语的人很好地交流。更重要的是，我是善良和友好的人，因此我可以很容易地与外国学生相处。

我对这份工作特别感兴趣，因为我想进一步提高我的英语口语能力和人际沟通能力。 【2018·天津卷】

I have good news to tell you that The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July（同位语从句）. Hearing (现在分词作状语)that you once took part in a Robotics Skills Competition and won an award, I, on behalf of the Robotics Hobby Group, intend to invite you to join our team （不定式短语作宾补）in the coming competition.I am sure that your involvement will not only help us in winning the award but also enhance the friendship between our two schools（形容词后的宾语从句）.

With this email I also send you our training plan（定语从句修饰email）, about which I wish to get your advice (介词+which引导的定语从句) because you are more experienced than us. (原因状语从句)We sincerely hope that we can participate in the competition as team partners(宾语从句)

.

【参考译文】

我有个好消息要告诉你，世界青少年机器人大赛将于7月底在天津举行。听说你曾经参加过一次机器人技能大赛并获奖，我代表机器人兴趣小组邀请你加入我们团队参加接下来的比赛。我相信您的参与不仅会帮助我们赢得这个奖项，而且会增进我们两校之间的友谊。

我也将我们的培训计划发邮件给你，希望你能给我一些建议，因为你比我们更有经验。我们真诚地希望我们能作为团队合作伙伴参加比赛。

【2018·北京卷】

I’m so glad to hear your future education plan(不定式作原因状语) in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience(宾语从句) during your college in Beijing.

Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture(现在分词作状语), I suggest you apply for Peking University（suggest 后宾语从句用虚拟语气）, one of the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be(地点状语从句) completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance in needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment(while引导并列句).

I sincerely hope your dream will come true （宾语从句）and it’s my pleasure to show you around （不定式作主语，it是形式主语）in Beijing when that day comes（时间状语从句）. If you have further questions（if条件状语从句）, please feel free to let me know.

【参考译文】

我很高兴从你的来信中得知你在北京的未来教育计划。首先,我想表达对你表示最热烈的欢迎,我相信在北京的大学里你会拥有最难忘的经历。

得知你对学习中国文化兴趣浓厚 ,我建议你申请北京大学，这是中国最好的大学之一。它的中文专业适合你,你可以完全融入到在中国深厚的历史和丰富的文化。至于一些准备 ，你需要提前阅读一些书籍，比如《红楼梦》，而一些汉语口语的在线课程可以帮助你适应汉语环境。

我真诚地希望你的梦想成真，当那一天到来的时候，我很高兴带你参观北京。如果你还有其他问题，请随时告诉我。

【2018江苏卷】 Possible version one：

As a major channel of consumption information（介词短语作方式状语），the rating is an efficient source of information for shopping in our own consumption. Interestingly，the same rating may have different influences on different consumers.

I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase（让步状语从句）. Firstly，the higher rating means the higher quality of the product，or better service. Based on the ratings（过去分词短语作状语），I bought my beloved backpack，saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods（三个过去时为并列谓语）. Secondly，ratings can save time to make decisions in shopping. For example（插入语），there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from（which引导定语从句）. In that case，it is both convenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings（不定式作主语，it作形式主语）.

There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption（固定句式，that引导同位语从句）. The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often closely related. It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards ratings（不定式作主语，it作形式主语）.

【参考译文】

评分作为消费信息的主要渠道，是我们在消费过程中进行购物的有效信息来源。有趣的是，相同的评级可能对不同的消费者有不同的影响。