动词的时态

语法考点剖析

考点一 动词的时态 1．一般现在时

表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表示客观真理。常与often, usually, always等时间状语连用。 She often works on weekends.她经常在周末工作。 There are four seasons in a year.一年有四季。 2．一般过去时

表示过去发生的动作。be动词的一般过去时为was, were；实义动词的一般过去时为动词的过去式。常与just now, yesterday, last week, ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。 Who did you see at the meeting yesterday？你在昨天的会议上看见了谁？ ★必背句式

①一般过去时＋一段时间＋ago

②It is＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时 ③过去进行时＋when＋一般过去时 ④过去完成时＋when＋一般过去时 3．一般将来时

由“shall/will＋动词原形”构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称；此外还有“be going to＋动词原形”的形式。常与tomorrow, next week等表示将来的时间状语连用。 He will visit Scotland next week.他下周要去苏格兰旅游。 I am going to stay for a week.我打算待一个星期。

Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看那乌云，要下雨了。 ★be going to do表示将来时，指事先经过考虑的打算或有迹象表明要发生某事。 4．现在进行时

由“am/is/are＋现在分词”构成，表示现在正在发生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有now, look, listen等标志词。

Look! A bird is flying in the sky.看！一只鸟在天上飞。 She is teaching at a night school now.目前她在一所夜校教学。 5．过去进行时

由“was/were＋现在分词”构成，表示过去某一时间正在发生的事情或过去某段时间一直在做的事情。

1

常与this time yesterday, “when＋过去动作”等时间状语连用。

She was watching TV at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候她正在看电视。 They were waiting for you last night.昨晚他们一直在等你。 6．现在完成时

由“have/has＋过去分词”构成，表示过去某时发生的动作一直延续到现在或过去的动作对现在有影响。标志词有since, for, already, yet, so far等。

I have lived in Beijing since 10 years ago.自从10年前我就一直在北京居住。 They have lost the match.他们已经输了比赛。

★当句中有“How long...？/since.../for...”等时间状语时，句中动词要用延续性动词。非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换如下： buy→have die→be dead begin→be on

borrow→keep become→be stop→be over

leave→be away come to→be in

open/close→be open/closed leave＋地点→be away from＋地点 join→be in/a member of

1．(2018·江西赣州联盟考试)—Where's your brother, Tim? I want to borrow his iPad. —He his car in the garden. You can find him there. A．will wash C．is washing

B．washes D．has washed

2．(2018·江西宜春4月模拟)—How do you like Harry Potter? —It's so interesting that I all the seven works twice. A．am reading C．have read

B．read D．had read

3．(2018·安徽合肥九年级第二次月考)We wonder if our teachers to our graduating party next weekend.If they ， we will be very happy. A．will come; will come B．will come; come C．come; will come

D．come; come

4．(2018·安徽合肥长丰预测)It's noisy in the classroom because the students for an English evening.

2

A．are preparing C．will prepare

B．was preparing

D．have prepared

5．(2018·江苏南京中考)—We to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. —That's amazing! A．went

B．go D．will go

C．have gone

6．(2018·湖北黄冈中考)—Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it? —In April. I it for two months. A．have had C．have bought

B．had D．bought

7．(2018·新疆乌鲁木齐中考)John told his little daughter the earth from the west to the east. A．moved C．moves

B．moving D．move

8．(2018·安徽中考)Before the sun ， we need to get to the top of the mountain. A．set

B．sets

C．is setting D．will set

9．(2018·甘肃白银中考)She an English magazine when I came in. A．reads

B．had read D．was reading

C．will read

10．(2018·江苏盐城中考)—I my card. I want to report it. —You can call the bank to report the loss. It would be faster. A．lose

B．was losing

C．will lose D．have lost

11．(2018·天津中考)—Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall? —Yes. I there with my parents last year. A．go

B．went

D．have gone

C．will go

考点二 被动语态

1．一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are done)

3