ocusing on ways and means of improving and upgrading work, further development of \d\horised\d the existing building \household, one document\nd file storage work must be unconditional and full coverage. Main corridor leading to the town (road, river) village, the Central built-up area of the town on both sides must be to create a %unauthorised village\According to \d villages\d and shanty towns, villages, old houses, reconstruction of old plant, expand create, upgrading creates files, the real %unauthorised village\nto the benefit of the people of very good thing. (B) to strictly manage count as unauthorised controls. Promoting the \w\ol work to move the center of gravity, management measures to the front, and earnestly pipes effectively. A strict new unauthorised network responsibility. Sectors such as land, housing and basic stations (stations) and the Township of grid accountability mechanisms must be strictly in accordance with the new regulatory requirements, effective implementation of the area of responsibility of the new inspections, suppression, demolition work to ensure that the new \olerance\c security, water, electricity, water, oceans and fisheries, tourism collaboration, market supervision departments should strictly enforce the illegal construction of disposal of relevant provisions of the regulations, effective fulfilment of responsibilities, particularly in electricity and water supply, and other units may not be new illegal buildings to supply water and electricity supply. While more regulation to prevent personal privacy violations. Illicit trading in illegal construction in the Ministry of public security sector to strictly from the blow. Three is to create additional offence reporting system of incentives. According to building law and covers an area of nature, to report timely degree divided report grade, effective after the removal of certain incentives. (C) integrated implementation \ng demolition, modification, use\bination. Demolition is the means and purpose built is. To adhere to the building demolished, combination of construction and demolition waste, demolished with combined efforts to improve the scientific level of three to split; second, we must pay attention to \ and \s\strict transformation, and dangerous old room transformation and \road sides\s work organic combined up, active do River, and along demolition work, and manpower advance village in the, and old residential demolition work, to improved masses housing conditions and live environment; three to put \odified a split\, and small, and bulk industry structure transformation upgrade of important initiatives to caught, speed up advance industry Park, effective optimization park environment一、单项选择题
1、下列数中最大的数是（ C ）
A、（）2 B、（142）8 C、（82）16 D、（）BCD
2、一个完整的计算机系统应包括（ D ）
A、运算器、存储器、控制器 B、主机和外部设备 C、主机与应用程序 D、配套的硬件设备和软件系统
3、PSW是指令部件中（ D ）
A、指令寄存器 B、指令译码器 C、程序计数器 D、程序状态寄存器
4、8086/8088CPU中，用来存放程序的指令代码段的寄存器是（A ） A、CS B、DS C、SS D、ES
5、主存储器和CPU之间增加高速缓冲器的主要目的是（ B ） A、扩大主存储器容量 B、解决主存与CPU之间速度匹配问题 C、扩大CPU通用寄存器数量 D、既扩大主存容量又提高主存速度 6、使CPU与I/0设备完全并行工作方式是（ C ）方式。 A、程序直接传送 B、中断 C、通道 D、程序查询
7、8086系统中，当某一存储单元的逻辑地址为2300H：0075H时，其对应的物理地址为（D） A、2300H B、0075H C、23750H D、23075H
8、在CPU中跟踪下一条指令地址的寄存器（ C ）
A、主存地址寄存器 B、指令寄存器 C、指令计数器 D、状态条件寄存器
9、冯.诺依曼机的基本特征是（ B ）
A、微程序控制 B、存贮程序控制 C、组合逻辑控制 D、间步控制
10．接口是( B )的逻辑部件。
A．CPU与系统总线之间 B．系统总线与I／O设备之间 C．主存与I/O设备之间 D．运算器与I／O设备之间
11.在做加法时，D7为有进位且结果为正，则标志位CF和SF为（C） A. 0和0 B. 0和1 C. 1和0 D. 1和1
12. 运算器的核心部分是（ D ）
nd improve idle land of utilization, real achieved environment improved and productivity development mutual promoting total win. Five, firmly implement, promoting work ahead, to create highlights. Third deployment, implementation of seven, then it is imperative to strengthen responsibility and improve the mechanisms and implementation. All localities and departments must be convinced that goals, going all out, mustering spirit, work together to ensure that this year's objectives carry out tasks, at the forefront. First, we must strengthen the leadership to implement. Departments at all levels should always work and rural \o split\portant position, and carry the main responsibility, main leader personally, leaders arrested and layers of responsibility rank transmission pressure established hierarchical accountability, and work together to promote the work of the mechanism, a concerted effort pay attention to implementation. County nongban, flood, three to one down to further play a leading catch total, integrated and coordinated role of all kinds is \\heir responsibilities, formed the alignment on the fire line and management a lively situation. Second, we must strengthen the test implementation of the Governor. Role play the Governor got the baton, for agricultural and rural focus and \ork, refine improve assessment methods and evaluation system, accurate assessment. Combined with \play, tree benchmark\ng five major operations, carry on and gain firsthand experience of supervision, in particular, to strengthen the focus on the \supervision, urged all levels longer on duty in place. Through the supervisory assessment, to promote habits, stimulating power. Third, we must strengthen implementation style. Departments at all levels to work in rural areas and \nt\cadres for major platforms, compete against large examination room, inspection cadres work performance of the ring, water control and the Japanese pulled a workout, training, discovery and selection of cadres. Than good catch up, first to excellence-oriented. Party members and cadres at all levels must adhere to the rural, water control and the Japanese pulled a grass-roots, \down the shelf, leaned\of play, become a benchmark model. Four, we must strengthen propaganda implementation. Comprehensive utilization of micro-credit, micro-blogging, new media, mining, summarizing, good publicity work in the countryside and \ advanced models, point to gather positive energy for the community to see the results of our work in time, increase public awareness, participation rates, satisfaction and support. Play gongqingfu, a mass organization and grass-roots such as schools, communityThe role ofocusing on ways and means of improving and upgrading work, further development of \d\horised\d the existing building \household, one document\nd file storage work must be unconditional and full coverage. Main corridor leading to the town (road, river) village, the Central built-up area of the town on both sides must be to create a %unauthorised village\According to \d villages\d and shanty towns, villages, old houses, reconstruction of old plant, expand create, upgrading creates files, the real %unauthorised village\nto the benefit of the people of very good thing. (B) to strictly manage count as unauthorised controls. Promoting the \w\ol work to move the center of gravity, management measures to the front, and earnestly pipes effectively. A strict new unauthorised network responsibility. Sectors such as land, housing and basic stations (stations) and the Township of grid accountability mechanisms must be strictly in accordance with the new regulatory requirements, effective implementation of the area of responsibility of the new inspections, suppression, demolition work to ensure that the new \olerance\c security, water, electricity, water, oceans and fisheries, tourism collaboration, market supervision departments should strictly enforce the illegal construction of disposal of relevant provisions of the regulations, effective fulfilment of responsibilities, particularly in electricity and water supply, and other units may not be new illegal buildings to supply water and electricity supply. While more regulation to prevent personal privacy violations. Illicit trading in illegal construction in the Ministry of public security sector to strictly from the blow. Three is to create additional offence reporting system of incentives. According to building law and covers an area of nature, to report timely degree divided report grade, effective after the removal of certain incentives. (C) integrated implementation \ng demolition, modification, use\bination. Demolition is the means and purpose built is. To adhere to the building demolished, combination of construction and demolition waste, demolished with combined efforts to improve the scientific level of three to split; second, we must pay attention to \s\strict transformation, and dangerous old room transformation and \road sides\s work organic combined up, active do River, and along demolition work, and manpower advance village in the, and old residential demolition work, to improved masses housing conditions and live environment; three to put \nd small, and bulk industry structure transformation upgrade of important initiatives to caught, speed up advance industry Park, effective optimization park environmentA. 通用寄存器 B. 暂存器 C. 缓存器 D. 运算逻辑单元
13. 中断是 ( C )
A. 子程序调用 B. 确定性的 C. 随机发生的 D. 多道程序
14．需要进行刷新的存储器是( B )。
A．SRAM B．DRAM C．ROM D．EPROM
15．接口是( B )的逻辑部件。
A．CPU与系统总线之间 B．系统总线与I／O设备之间 C．主存与I/O设备之间 D．运算器与I／O设备之间
二、简答题
1.什么是总线？采用总线的优点是什么？三总线结构是指什么？
所谓总线，是连接多个功能部件或多个装置的一组公共信号线。按在系统中的不同位置，总线可以分为内部总线和外部总线。内部总线是CPU内部各功能部件和寄存器之间的连线；外部总线是连接系统的总线，即连接CPU、存储器和I/O接口的总线，又称为系统总线。
微型计算机采用了总线结构后，系统中各功能部件之间的相互关系变为各个部件面向总线的单一关系。一个部件只要符合总线标准，就可以连接到采用这种总线标准的系统中，使系统的功能可以很方便地得以发展，微型机中目前主要采用的外部总线标准有：PC总线，ISA总线，VESA总线等。
按所传送信息的不同类型，总线可以分为数据总线DB(Data Bus)、地址总线AB(Address Bus)和控制总线CB(Control Bus)三种类型，通常称微型计算机采用三总线结构。 2、叙述累加器和算术逻辑运算部件在微处理器中的作用
累加器和算术逻辑运算部件主要用来完成数据的算术和逻辑运算。ALU有2个输入端和2个输出端，其中一端接至累加器，接收由累加器送来的一个操作数；另一端通过数据总线接到寄存器阵列，以接收第二个操作数。参加运算的操作数在ALU中进行规定的操作运算，运算结束后，一方面将结果送至累加器，同时将操作结果的特征状态送标志寄存器。
累加器是一个特殊的寄存器，它的字长和微处理器的字长相同，累加器具有输入／输出和移位功能，微处理器采用累加器结构可以简化某些逻辑运算。由于所有运算的数据都要通过累加器，故累加器在微处理器中占有很重要的位置。 3、8086存储器的分段及段地址是如何实现与构成的？
由于CPU内部的寄存器都是16位的，为了能够提供20位的物理地址，系统中采用了存储器分段的方法。规定存储器的一个段为64KB，由段寄存器来确定存储单元的段地址，由指令提供该单元相对于相应段起始地址的16位偏移量。
nd improve idle land of utilization, real achieved environment improved and productivity development mutual promoting total win. Five, firmly implement, promoting work ahead, to create highlights. Third deployment, implementation of seven, then it is imperative to strengthen responsibility and improve the mechanisms and implementation. All localities and departments must be convinced that goals, going all out, mustering spirit, work together to ensure that this year's objectives carry out tasks, at the forefront. First, we must strengthen the leadership to implement. Departments at all levels should always work and rural \o split\portant position, and carry the main responsibility, main leader personally, leaders arrested and layers of responsibility rank transmission pressure established hierarchical accountability, and work together to promote the work of the mechanism, a concerted effort pay attention to implementation. County nongban, flood, three to one down to further play a leading catch total, integrated and coordinated role of all kinds is \\heir responsibilities, formed the alignment on the fire line and management a lively situation. Second, we must strengthen the test implementation of the Governor. Role play the Governor got the baton, for agricultural and rural focus and \ork, refine improve assessment methods and evaluation system, accurate assessment. Combined with \play, tree benchmark\ng five major operations, carry on and gain firsthand experience of supervision, in particular, to strengthen the focus on the \ns \supervision, urged all levels longer on duty in place. Through the supervisory assessment, to promote habits, stimulating power. Third, we must strengthen implementation style. Departments at all levels to work in rural areas and \nt\cadres for major platforms, compete against large examination room, inspection cadres work performance of the ring, water control and the Japanese pulled a workout, training, discovery and selection of cadres. Than good catch up, first to excellence-oriented. Party members and cadres at all levels must adhere to the rural, water control and the Japanese pulled a grass-roots, \down the shelf, leaned\of play, become a benchmark model. Four, we must strengthen propaganda implementation. Comprehensive utilization of micro-credit, micro-blogging, new media, mining, summarizing, good publicity work in the countryside and \point to gather positive energy for the community to see the results of our work in time, increase public awareness, participation rates, satisfaction and support. Play gongqingfu, a mass organization and grass-roots such as schools, communityThe role ofocusing on ways and means of improving and upgrading work, further development of \d\horised\d the existing building \household, one document\nd file storage work must be unconditional and full coverage. Main corridor leading to the town (road, river) village, the Central built-up area of the town on both sides must be to create a %unauthorised village\According to \d villages\d and shanty towns, villages, old houses, reconstruction of old plant, expand create, upgrading creates files, the real %unauthorised village\nto the benefit of the people of very good thing. (B) to strictly manage count as unauthorised controls. Promoting the \w\ol work to move the center of gravity, management measures to the front, and earnestly pipes effectively. A strict new unauthorised network responsibility. Sectors such as land, housing and basic stations (stations) and the Township of grid accountability mechanisms must be strictly in accordance with the new regulatory requirements, effective implementation of the area of responsibility of the new inspections, suppression, demolition work to ensure that the new \olerance\c security, water, electricity, water, oceans and fisheries, tourism collaboration, market supervision departments should strictly enforce the illegal construction of disposal of relevant provisions of the regulations, effective fulfilment of responsibilities, particularly in electricity and water supply, and other units may not be new illegal buildings to supply water and electricity supply. While more regulation to prevent personal privacy violations. Illicit trading in illegal construction in the Ministry of public security sector to strictly from the blow. Three is to create additional offence reporting system of incentives. According to building law and covers an area of nature, to report timely degree divided report grade, effective after the removal of certain incentives. (C) integrated implementation \ng demolition, modification, use\bination. Demolition is the means and purpose built is. To adhere to the building demolished, combination of construction and demolition waste, demolished with combined efforts to improve the scientific level of three to split; second, we must pay attention to \three to split\s\strict transformation, and dangerous old room transformation and \road sides\s work organic combined up, active do River, and along demolition work, and manpower advance village in the, and old residential demolition work, to improved masses housing conditions and live environment; three to put \nd small, and bulk industry structure transformation upgrade of important initiatives to caught, speed up advance industry Park, effective optimization park environment这样，系统的整个存储空间可分为16个互不重叠的逻辑段。
存储器的每个段的容量为64KB，并允许在整个存储空间内浮动，即段与段之间可以部分重叠、完全重叠、连续排列，非常灵活。
4、比较条件传送方式(查询传送方式)和中断传送方式的实现方法和特点 条件传送方式： ?实现方法：
在与外设进行传送数据前，CPU先查询外设状态，当外设准备好后，才执行I/O指令，实现数据传送。 ?特点：
1. CPU通过不断查询外设状态，实现与外设的速度匹配 2. CPU的工作效率低 中断传送方式： 实现方法：
1. 当外设准备好，向CPU发出中断请求
2. CPU在满足响应中断的条件下，发出中断响应信号；
3. CPU暂停当前的程序，转 去执行中断服务程序，完成与外设的数据传送； 4. CPU从中断服务程序返回，继续执行被中断的程序 特点
1. CPU和外设大部分时间处在并行工作状态,只在CPU响应外设的中断申请后， 进入数据传送的过程
2. 中断传送方式提高了CPU的效率
5、说明8086寄存器间接寻址、变址寻址寻址方式，举例说明 寄存器间接寻址
操作数是在存储器中，但是，操作数地址的16位偏移量包含在以下四个寄存器SI、DI、BP、BX之一中。可以分成两种情况：
(1) 以SI、DI、BX间接寻址，则通常操作数在现行数据段区域中，即数据段寄存器（DS）＊16加上SI、DI、BX中的16位偏移量，为操作数的地址，。
【例如】 MOV AX， [SI] 操作数地址是：（DS）*16+（SI）
(2) 以寄存器BP间接寻址，则操作数在堆栈段区域中。即堆栈段寄存器（SS）＊16与BP的内容相加作为操作数的地址， 【例如】MOV AX，[BP] 操作数地址是：（SS）*16+（BP）
若在指令中规定是段超越的，则BP的内容也可以与其它的段寄存器相加，形成操作数地址。
【例如】 MOV AX，DS：[BP] 操作数地址是：（DS）*16+（BP）
nd improve idle land of utilization, real achieved environment improved and productivity development mutual promoting total win. Five, firmly implement, promoting work ahead, to create highlights. Third deployment, implementation of seven, then it is imperative to strengthen responsibility and improve the mechanisms and implementation. All localities and departments must be convinced that goals, going all out, mustering spirit, work together to ensure that this year's objectives carry out tasks, at the forefront. First, we must strengthen the leadership to implement. Departments at all levels should always work and rural \three to split\n important position, and carry the main responsibility, main leader personally, leaders arrested and layers of responsibility rank transmission pressure established hierarchical accountability, and work together to promote the work of the mechanism, a concerted effort pay attention to implementation. County nongban, flood, three to one down to further play a leading catch total, integrated and coordinated role of all kinds is \\s, formed the alignment on the fire line and management a lively situation. Second, we must strengthen the test implementation of the Governor. Role play the Governor got the baton, for agricultural and rural focus and \atment\ork, refine improve assessment methods and evaluation system, accurate assessment. Combined with \, tree benchmark\ding five major operations, carry on and gain firsthand experience of supervision, in particular, to strengthen the focus on the \ong\sion, urged all levels longer on duty in place. Through the supervisory assessment, to promote habits, stimulating power. Third, we must strengthen implementation style. Departments at all levels to work in rural areas and \nt\ning cadres for major platforms, compete against large examination room, inspection cadres work performance of the ring, water control and the Japanese pulled a workout, training, discovery and selection of cadres. Than good catch up, first to excellence-oriented. Party members and cadres at all levels must adhere to the rural, water control and the Japanese pulled a grass-roots, \n the shelf, leaned\c style, the spirit of play, become a benchmark model. Four, we must strengthen propaganda implementation. Comprehensive utilization of micro-credit, micro-blogging, new media, mining, summarizing, good publicity work in the countryside and \split\ advanced models, point to gather positive energy for the community to see the results of our work in time, increase public awareness, participation rates, satisfaction and support. Play gongqingfu, a mass organization and grass-roots such as schools, communityThe role of 第 3 页 2020-1-8