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中美司法制度对比

篇一：中美司法法律制度比较

acomparisonofJudicatureandlegalSystembetweenchinaandUS

chinaandtheUnitedStatesaretwomainpowerfulcountiesineconomicandmilitaryfieldsintheworld.nevertheless,inthepoliticalsystemandsocialandculturalaspects,therearemanycrucialdifferencesbetweenthem.Thesedifferencesaretooexcessivetoo

tremendousandtoodeep-going,asaresult,thetwocountiesdivergemarkedlywhenitcomestoalmosteveryinternationalaffair.wedon

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thavethatwisdomandstrengthofresearchingandprobingthosedifferences.Thatbeingso,let’sgiveitaheadstartinthejudicialsystemandlaw. Judicialsystem

JudicialsystemofUSistotallydifferentfromours.Firstly,america

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sjudiciaryisonebranchofthatthreebranches—thelegislativebranch,theexecutivebranchandthejudicialbranch.Thosethree branchesdividenationalgovernment

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spowerintothree.Thisdivisionofauthorityisknownasasystemofchecksand balancesestablishedbytheconstitution,whichismeanttopreventanyofthethreebranchesfromhavingtoomuchpower.Eachbranchhascertaincontrolsovertheotherbranches.Eachbranchcanlimittheotherbranchesfromgainingtoomuch

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power.inotherwords,eachbranchofthethreebranchesisequaltoeachother.it’simpossibletoletonebedominatedbyanother.Socourtsinamericadon

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tcareaboutwhattheadministratorsthink.Theyjustmaketheverdictaccordingtotheconstitutionandlawandonthebasisofevidence.Butinchina,thecaseiscompletelydifferent.inversely,chinagovernmentpursuesthecentralizationpoliticalsystemratherthanthetripartitepoliticalsystemofchecksand balances.Judicialsysteminchinaisnota

partyofchecksandbalances,notatall.moreimportantly,inordertosegmentandweakenjudiciary’spower,statusand

weight,thejudicialsystemitselfhasbeendividedintomanybranches,mainlythecourtandProcuratorate.courtsinchinaisjustalittledepartmentinnationalpoliticalsystem,whichcanbecontrolledandimpactedbymanyothergovernment’sbranches,forexample,nationalPeople

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scongressStandingcommittee,officeofLegislativeaffairs,judicialbureauandLawcouncilofvariouslevelscPccommitteeandsoon.Tosomedegree,china’s judiciaryisjustamouthpiece.Lawsarejustreference.Leader

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swritteninstructionorcommentsarerealandpotentialcriterion.Sowecanseethatthestatusand

importanceofjudicialsysteminamericaarehigherandmoresignificantthanitinchina.what

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smore,america

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sjudicialsystemisindependentandself-governed,

butamightyandindependentjudicialsystemcan’tbefoundinchina.acase’

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saffirmationandverdicthavetobedirectedandinterferedbymanyindividualsandorganizationsinchina.Forinstance,ifagovernment

sleaderorofficialbreaksthelawandcommits,thejudicialdepartmentcan

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tacceptthelawsuitandenquirehimatonce,beforethecdic(commissionfordisciplineinspectionofthecPc)

investigatehisbehaviorandmakedecisionthatwhetherheshouldbepushedintothejudicialsystem.iftheoffenderisadepartmentalorhigherlevelcadre,reviewinghimhavetobeapprovedandratifiedbythecentralcommitteeofthecommunistPartyofchina.Thatistosay

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ifaleaderorofficialkilledhundredsofpeople,rapedhundredsmaidensandcorruptedhundredsmillions,thecourtscan

tdoanythingtohimbeforethecdicconfirmshisatrocitiesandcrimeseven thoughvictimshaveprosecutedhim

thousandstimes.Thusitcanbeseenthatinourcountry,thereexistsanorganizationwhichhasmuchmorepowerandmuchhigherstatusthananyotherorganizations.Beforeitsrules,thelawsarehumble,faintandimpotent.So,whydosomanyunjustandunequaleventstakeplacepervasivelyandconstantly?whydosomanyinnocentpersonshavebeenextortedconfessionsbymeansoftorture?whydothose

malfeasantsandnobleculpritscangetawayunpunishedbeyondthearmofthelawandconstitution.Thereasonisthatwehaven

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tacompletelyindependentandadequatelypowerfuljudicialsystemtorestricta